Rodent α-chymases are elastase-like proteases

European Journal of Biochemistry

Volumn 269, Issue 23, 2002, Pages 5921-5930

  Kunori, Yuichi ^a   Koizumi, Masahiro ^a   Masegi, Tsukio ^a   Kasai, Hidenori ^a   Kawabata, Hiroshi ^a   Yamazaki, Yuzo ^b   Fukamizu, Akiyoshi ^c  

^a TEIJIN LTD   (Japan)

^b Waseda University   (Japan)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TSUKUBA   (Japan)

Author keywords

Chymase; Chymotrypsin; Elastase; Homology modeling; Mast cell protease(s); Site directed mutagenesis; Substrate specificity

Indexed keywords

ALANINE; ALIPHATIC COMPOUND; CATHEPSIN G; CHROMOGENIC SUBSTRATE; CHYMASE; ELASTASE; GLYCINE; ISOLEUCINE; MAST CELL PROTEASE 5; RECOMBINANT ENZYME; SERINE PROTEINASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VALINE;

AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BINDING SITE; COMPUTER MODEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME ASSAY; ENZYME BINDING; ENZYME SPECIFICITY; ENZYME SUBSTRATE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; BASE SEQUENCE; CHYMASES; DNA PRIMERS; ELECTROPHORESIS, POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL; MICE; MICE, INBRED C57BL; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; MUTAGENESIS, SITE-DIRECTED; PANCREATIC ELASTASE; PHYLOGENY; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; RATS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY, AMINO ACID; SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY;

ANIMALIA; CANIS FAMILIARIS; PRIMATES; RODENTIA;

EID: 0036446159     PISSN: 00142956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03316.x     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Walls, A.F. (1998) Mast Cell Proteases in Asthma, Inflammatory Mechanisms in Asthma (Holgate, S., T., Busse, W. & W., eds), pp. 89-110. Marcel Dekker, New York.
2. Caughey, G.H. (1995) Mast Cell Proteases in Immunology and Biology. Marcel Dekker, Basel.
3. He, S. & Walls, A.F. (1998) Human mast cell chymase induces the accumulation of neutrophils, eosinophils and other inflammatory cells in vivo. Br. J. Pharmacol. 125, 1491-1500.
4. He, S. & Walls, A.F. (1998) The induction of a prolonged increase in microvascular permeability by human mast cell chymase. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 352, 91-98.
5. Tani, K., Ogushi, F., Kido, H., Kawano, T., Kunori, Y., Kamimura, T., Cui, P. & Sone, S. (2000) Chymase is a potent chemoattractant for human monocytes and neutrophils. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67, 585-589.
6. Sommerhoff, C.P., Caughey, G.H., Finkbeiner, W.E., Lazarus, S.C., Basbaum, C.B. & Nadel, J.A. (1989) Mast cell chymase. A potent secretagogue for airway gland serous cells. J. Immunol. 142, 2450-2456.
7. Katunuma, N., Fukusen, N. & Kido, H. (1986) Biological functions of serine proteases in the granules of rat mast cells. Adv. Enzyme Regul. 25, 241-255.
8. Vartio, T., Seppa, H. & Vaheri, A. (1981) Susceptibility of soluble and matrix fibronectins to degradation by tissue proteinases, mast cell chymase and cathepsin G. J. Biol. Chem. 256, 471-477.
9. Kofford, M.W., Schwartz, L.B., Schechter, N.M., Yager, D.R., Diegelmann, R.F. & Graham, M.F. (1997) Cleavage of type I procollagen by human mast cell chymase initiates collagen fibril formation and generates a unique carboxyl-terminal propeptide. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 7127-7131.
10. Mayer, U., Mann, K., Timpl, R. & Murphy, G. (1993) Sites of nidogen cleavage by proteases involved in tissue homeostasis and remodelling. Eur. J. Biochem. 217, 877-884.
11. Gruber, B.L. & Schwartz, L.B. (1990) The mast cell as an effector of connective tissue degradation: A study of matrix susceptibility to human mast cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 171, 1272-1278.
12. Banovac, K., Banovac, F., Yang, J. & Koren, E. (1993) Interaction of osteoblasts with extracellular matrix: Effect of mast cell chymase. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Medical 203, 221-235.
13. Banovac, K. & De Forteza, R. (1992) The effect of mast cell chymase on extracellular matrix: Studies in autoimmune thyroiditis and in cultured thyroid cells. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 99, 141-149.
14. Taipale, J., Lohi, J., Saarinen, J., Kovanen, P.T. & Keski-Oja, J. (1995) Human mast cell chymase and leukocyte elastase release latent transforming growthfactor-beta 1 from the extracellular matrix of cultured human epithelial and endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 4689-4696.
15. Longley, B.J., Tyrrell, L., Ma, Y., Williams, D.A., Halaban, R., Langley, K., Lu, H.S. & Schechter, N.M. (1997) Chymase cleavage of stem cell factor yields a bioactive, soluble product. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 9017-9021.
16. Mizutani, H., Schechter, N., Lazarus, G., Black, R.A. & Kupper, T.S. (1991) Rapid and specific conversion of precursor interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) to an active IL-1 species by human mast cell chymase. J. Exp. Med. 174, 821-825.
17. Tunon de Lara, J.M., Okayama, Y., McEuen, A.R., Heusser, C.H., Church, M.K. & Walls, A.F. (1994) Release and inactivation of interleukin-4 by mast cells. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 725, 50-58.
18. Chandrasekharan, U.M., Sanker, S., Glynias, M.J., Karnik, S.S. & Husain, A. (1996) Angiotensin II-forming activity in a reconstructed ancestral chymase. Science 271, 502-505.
19. Huang, R. & Hellman, L. (1994) Genes for mast-cell serine protease and their molecular evolution. Immunogenetics 40, 397-414.
20. Reynolds, D.S., Stevens, R.L., Lane, W.S., Carr, M.H., Austen, K.F. & Serafin, W.E. (1990) Different mouse mast cell populations express various combinations of at least six distinct mast cell serine proteases. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 3230-3234.
21. Lutzelschwab, C., Pejler, G., Aveskogh, M. & Hellman, L. (1997) Secretory granule proteases in rat mast cells. Cloning of 10 different serine proteases and a carboxypeptidase A from various rat mast cell populations. J. Exp. Med. 185, 13-29.
22. Takai, S., Shiota, N., Kobayashi, S., Matsumura, E. & Miyazaki, M. (1997) Induction of chymase that forms angiotensin II in the monkey atherosclerotic aorta. FEBS Lett. 412, 86-90.
23. Caughey, G.H., Raymond, W.W. & Vanderslice, P. (1990) Dog mast cell chymase: Molecular cloning and characterization. Biochemistry 29, 5166-5171.
24. Caughey, G.H., Zerweck, E.H. & Vanderslice, P. (1991) Structure, chromosomal assignment, and deduced amino acid sequence of a human gene for mast cell chymase. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 12956-12963.
25. Powers, J.C., Tanaka, T., Harper, J.W., Minematsu, Y., Barker, L., Lincoln, D., Crumley, K.V., Fraki, J.E., Schechter, N.M. & Lazarus, G.G. (1985) Mammalian chymotrypsin-like enzymes. Comparative reactivities of rat mast cell proteases, human and dog skin chymases, and human cathepsin G with peptide 4-nitroanilide substrates and with peptide chloromethyl ketone and sulfonyl fluoride inhibitors. Biochemistry 24, 2048-2058.
26. Newlands, G.F., Knox, D.P., Pirie-Shepherd, S.R. & Miller, H.R. (1993) Biochemical and immunological characterization of multiple glycoforms of mouse mast cell protease 1: Comparison with an isolated murine serosal mast cell protease (MMCP-4). Biochem. J. 294 (1), 127-135.
27. Reilly, C.F., Tewksbury, D.A., Schechter, N.M. & Travis, J. (1982) Rapid conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by neutrophil and mast cell proteinases. J. Biol. Chem. 257, 8619-8622.
28. Urata, H., Kinoshita, A., Misono, K.S., Bumpus, F.M. & Husain, A. (1990) Identification of a highly specific chymase as the major angiotensin II- forming enzyme in the human heart. J. Biol. Chem. 265, 22348-22357.
29. Kido, H., Nakano, A., Okishima, N., Wakabayashi, H., Kishi, F., Nakaya, Y., Yoshizumi, M. & Tamaki, T. (1998) Human chymase, an enzyme forming novel bioactive 31-amino acid length endothelins. Biol. Chem. 379, 885-891.
30. Shiota, N., Saegusa, Y., Nishimura, K. & Miyazaki, M. (1997) Angiotensin II-generating system in dog and monkey ocular tissues. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 24, 243-248.
31. Ho, S.N., Hunt, H.D., Horton, R.M., Pullen, J.K. & Pease, L.R. (1989) Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 77, 51-59.
32. Bairoch, A. & Boeckmann, B. (1991) The SWISS-PROT protein sequence data bank. Nucl. Acids Res. 19 (Suppl.), 2247-2249.
33. Sali, A. & Blundell, T.L. (1993) Comparative protein modelling by satisfaction of spatial restraints. J. Mol. Biol. 234, 779-815.
34. Laemmli, U. K. (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680-685.
35. Thompson, J.D., Higgins, D.G. & Gibson, T.J. (1994) CLUSTAL W: Improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucl. Acids Res. 22, 4673-4680.
36. McNeil, H.P., Austen, K.F., Somerville, L.L., Gurish, M.F. & Stevens, R.L. (1991) Molecular cloning of the mouse mast cell protease-5 gene. A novel secretory granule protease expressed early in the differentiation of serosal mast cells. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 20316-20322.
37. Caughey, G.H., Raymond, W.W. & Wolters, P.J. (2000) Angiotensin II generation by mast cell a. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1480, 245-257.
38. Kinoshita, A., Urata, H., Bumpus, F.M. & Husain, A. (1991) Multiple determinants for the high substrate specificity of an angiotensin II-forming chymase from the human heart. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 19192-19197.
39. Kraut, J. (1977) Serine proteases: Structure and mechanism of catalysis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 46, 331-358.
40. Shotton, D.M. & Watson, H.C. (1970) The three-dimensional structure of crystalline porcine pancreatic elastase. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 257, 111-118.
41. Nakajima, K., Powers, J.C., Ashe, B.M. & Zimmerman, M. (1979) Mapping the extended substrate binding site of cathepsin G and human leukocyte elastase. Studies with peptide substrates related to the alpha 1-protease inhibitor reactive site. J. Biol. Chem. 254, 4027-4032.
42. McRae, B.J., Kurachi, K., Heimark, R.L., Fujikawa, K., Davie, E.W. & Powers, J.C. (1981) Mapping the active sites of bovine thrombin, factor IXa, factor Xa, factor XIa, factor XIIa, plasma kallikrein, and trypsin with amino acid and peptide thioesters: Development of new sensitive substrates. Biochemistry 20, 7196-7206.
43. Bode, W., Meyer, E. Jr & Powers, J.C. (1989) Human leukocyte and porcine pancreatic elastase: X-ray crystal structures, mechanism, substrate specificity, and mechanism-based inhibitors. Biochemistry 28, 1951-1963.
44. Pereira, P.J., Wang, Z.M., Rubin, H., Huber, R., Bode, W., Schechter, N.M. & Strobl, S. (1999) The 2.2 A crystal structure of human chymase in complex with succinyl- ala-ala-pro-phechloromethylketone: Structural explanation for its dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase specificity. J. Mol. Biol. 286, 817.
45. Fritz, H. (1988) Human mucus proteinase inhibitor (human MPI). Human seminal inhibitor I (HUSI-I), antileukoprotease (ALP), secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI). Biol. Chem. Hoppe Seyler 369 (Suppl.), 79-82.
46. Carrell, R.W. & Boswell, D.R. (1986) Proteinase Inhibitors. Elsevier Science, Publishers BV.
47. Solivan, S., Selwood, T., Wang, Z.M. & Schechter, N.M. (2002) Evidence for diversity of substrate specificity among members of the chymase family of serine proteases. FEBS Lett. 512, 133-138.
48. Kaliner, M.A. & Metcalfe, D. (1993) The Mast Cell in Health and Disease. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
49. Metcalfe, D.D., Baram, D. & Mekori, Y.A. (1997) Mast cells. Physiol. Rev. 77, 1033-1079.
50. Ide, H., Itoh, H., Tomita, M., Murakumo, Y., Kobayashi, T., Maruyama, H., Osada, Y. & Nawa, Y. (1995) Cloning of the cDNA encoding a novel rat mast-cell proteinase, rMCP-3, and its expression in comparison with other rat mast-cell proteinases. Biochem. J. 311, 675-680.
51. Tozzi, C.A., Thakker-Varia, S., Yu, S.Y., Bannett, R.F., Peng, B.W., Poiani, G.J., Wilson, F.J. & Riley, D.J. (1998) Mast cell collagenase correlates with regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling in the rat. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 18, 497-510.
52. Riley, D.J., Thakker-Varia, S., Wilson, F.J., Poiani, G.J. & Tozzi, C.A. (2000) Role of proteolysis and apoptosis in regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Physiol. Res. 49, 577-585.
53. Shiota, N., Okunishi, H., Fukamizu, A., Sakonjo, H., Kikumori, M., Nishimura, T., Nakagawa, T., Murakami, K. & Miyazaki, M. (1993) Activation of two angiotensin-generating systems in the balloon-injured artery. FEBS Lett. 323, 239-242.
54. Shiota, N., Fukamizu, A., Takai, S., Okunishi, H., Murakami, K. & Miyazaki, M. (1997) Activation of angiotensin II-forming chymase in the cardiomyopathic hamster heart. J. Hypertens. 15, 431-440.
55. Jin, D., Takai, S., Yamada, M., Sakaguchi, M., Yao, Y. & Miyazaki, M. (2001) Possible roles of cardiac chymase after myocardial infarction in hamster hearts. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 86, 203-214.
56. Miyazaki, M., Wada, T., Shiota, N. & Takai, S. (1999) Effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, candesartan cilexetil, on canine intima hyperplasia after balloon injury. J. Hum. Hypertens. 13 (Suppl. 1), S21-S25.
57. Shiota, N., Okunishi, H., Takai, S., Mikoshiba, I., Sakonjo, H., Shibata, N. & Miyazaki, M. (1999) Tranilast suppresses vascular chymase expression and neointima formation in balloon-injured dog carotid artery. Circulation 99, 1084-1090.
58. Le Trong, H., Neurath, H. & Woodbury, R.G. (1987) Substrate specificity of the chymotrypsin-like protease in secretory granules isolated from rat mast cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84, 364-367.
59. Jin, D., Takai, S., Yamada, M., Sakaguchi, M. & Miyazaki, M. (2000) The functional ratio of chymase and angiotensin converting enzyme in angiotensin I-induced vascular contraction in monkeys, dogs and rats. Jpn. J. Pharmacol. 84, 449-454.
60. Balcells, E., Meng, Q.C., Johnson, W.H. Jr, Oparil, S. & Dell'Italia, L.J. (1997) Angiotensin II formation from ACE and chymase in human and animal hearts: Methods and species considerations. Am. J. Physiol. 273, H1769-H1774.