Affective states and traits in the workplace: Diary and survey data from young workers

Motivation and Emotion

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 31-55

  Grandey, Alicia A ^a   Tam, Anita P ^a   Brauburger, Analea L ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Affective events theory; Anger; Job satisfaction; Pride

Indexed keywords

EID: 0036243397     PISSN: 01467239     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1015142124306     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Andersson, L. M., & Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24, 452-471.
2. Arvey, R. D., Renz, G. L., & Watson, W. W. (1998). Emotionality and job performance: Implications for personnel selection. Research in Personnel and Human Resources Management, 16, 103-147.
3. Ashforth, B. E., & Humphrey, R. H. (1995). Emotion in the workplace: A reappraisal. Human Relations, 48, 97-125.
4. Averill, J. (1982). Anger and aggression: An essay on emotion. Springer: New York.
5. Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for a theory of emotion. American Psychologist, 38, 1145-1160.
6. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
7. Barren, K. C., & Campos,J. J. (1987). Perspectives on emotional development: II. A functional approach to emotions. In J. D. Osofsky (Ed.), Handbook of infant development (2nd ed., pp. 555-578) New York: Wiley.
8. Basch, J., & Fisher, C. D. (2000). Affective events-emotions matrix: A classification of work events and associated emotions. In N. Ashkanasy, C. Hartel, & W. Zerbe (Eds.), Emotions in the workplace: Research, theory, and practice (pp. 36-48). Westport CT: Quorum.
9. Blodgett, J. G., Hill, D. J., & Tax, S. S. (1997). The effects of distributive, procedural and interactional justice on postcomplaint behavior. Journal of Retailing, 73(2), 185-210.
10. Brief, A. P., Burke, M. J., George, J. M., Robinson, B. S., & Webster, J. (1988). Should negative affectivity remain an unmeasured variable in the study of job stress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 529-535.
11. Carver, C. S., Scheier, M. F., & Weintraub, J. K. (1989). Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 267-283.
12. Cortina, L. M., Magley, V. J., Williams, J. H., & Langhout, R. D. (2001). Incivility in the workplace: Incidence and impact. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6, 64-80.
13. Cropanzano, R., Howes, J., Grandey, A., & Toth, P. (1997). The relationship of organizational politics and support to work behaviors, attitudes, and stress. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 159-180.
14. Cropanzano, R., James, K., & Konovsky, M. A. (1993). Dispositional affectivity as a predictor of work attitudes and job performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14, 595-600.
15. Davitz, J. R. (1969). The language of emotion. New York: Academic Press.
16. Fisher, C. D. (2000). Moods and emotions while working: Missing pieces of job satisfaction? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 185-202.
17. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition (2nd ed.). New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
18. Fitness, J. (2000). Anger in the workplace: An emotion script approach to anger episodes between workers and their superiors, co-workers and subordinates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 147-162.
19. Folger, R., & Skarlicki, D. P. (1998). A popcorn metaphor for employee aggression. In R. W. Griffin & A. O'Leary-Kelly (Eds.), Dysfunctional behavior in organizations: Violent and deviant behavior (Vol. 23, Parts A & B, pp. 1-42). Stamford, CT: JAI Press. (Monographs in organizational behavior and industrial relations)
20. Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1988). Coping as a mediator of emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 466-475.
21. Frijda, N. H. (1988). The laws of emotion. American Psychologist, 43, 349-358.
22. Frijda, N. H. (1993). Moods, emotion episodes, and emotions. In M. Lewis & I. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 381-403). New York: Guilford.
23. Frone, M. R. (2000). Interpersonal conflict at work and psychological outcomes: Testing a model among young workers. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 246-255.
24. George, J. M. (1991). State or trait: Effects of positive mood on prosocial behaviors at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 299-307.
25. George, J. M. (1996). Trait and state affect. In K. R. Murphy (Ed.), Individual differences and behavior in organizations (pp. 145-171). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
26. George, J. M., & Brief, A. P. (1996). Motivational agendas in the workplace: The effects of feelings on focus of attention and work motivation. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (pp. 75-109). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
27. Glomb, T., & Hulin, C. (1997). Anger and gender effects in observed supervisor-subordinate dyadic interactions. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 72, 281-307.
28. Grandey, A. (2000). Emotion regulation in the workplace: A new conceptualization of emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(1), 95-110.
29. Grandey, A. (in press). When 'the show must go on': Surface and deep acting as predictors of emotional exhaustion and service delivery. Academy of Management Journal.
30. Grandey, A., & Brauburger, A. (2002). The emotion regulation behind the customer service smile. In R. Lord, R. Klimoski, & R. Kanfer (Eds.), Emotions in the workplace: Understanding the structure and role of emotions in organizational behavior. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
31. Gross, J. (1989). Emotion expression in cancer onset and progression. Social Science and Medicine, 28, 1239-1248.
32. Gross, J., & Levenson, R. (1997). Hiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106(1), 95-103.
33. Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16, 250-279.
34. Heckhausen, H. (1984). Emergent achievement behavior: Some early developments. In J. Nicholls (Ed.), Advances in motivation and achievement: Vol. 3. The development of achievement motivation (pp. 1-32). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
35. Herzberg, R., Mausner, B., & Synderman, B. B. (1959). The motivation to work. New York: Wiley.
36. Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley: University of California Press.
37. Holsfi, R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
38. Judge, T. A., Locke, E. A., Durham, C. C., & Kluger, A. N. (1998). Dispositional effects on job and life satisfaction: The role of core evaluations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 17-34.
39. Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Progress on a cognitive-motivational-relational theory of emotion. American Psychologist, 46, 819-834.
40. Leidner, R. (1996). Rethinking questions of control: Lessons from McDonald's. In C. L. Macdonald & C. Sirianni (Eds.), Working in the service society (pp. 29-49). Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
41. Mascolo, M. F., & Fischer, K. W. (1995). Developmental transformations in appraisals for pride, shame, and guilt. In J. P. Tangney & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 64-113). New York: Guilford.
42. Offermann, L. R., & Gowing, M. K. (1990). Organizations of the future: Changes and challenges. American Psychologist, 45, 95-108.
43. Pekrun, R., & Frese, M. (1992). Emotions in work and achievement. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 7, 154-200.
44. Rafaeli, A., & Sutton, R. I. (1987). Expression of emotion as part of the work role. AMR, 12, 23-37.
45. Shaver, P., Schwartz, J., Kirson, D., & O'Connor, C. (1987). Emotion knowledge: Further exploration of a prototype approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1060-1086.
46. Smith, C., & Ellsworth, P. (1985). Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 813-838.
47. Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction. Application, assessment, causes and consequences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
48. Spector, P. E., & Jex, S. M. (1998). Development of four self-report measures of job stressors and strain: Interpersonal conflict at work scale, organizational constraints scale, quantitative workload inventory, and physical symptoms inventory. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 3, 356-367.
49. Staw, B. M., Bell, N., & Clausen, J. A. (1986). The dispositional approach to job attitudes: A life time longitudinal test. Administrative Science Quarterly, 31, 56-77.
50. Stipek, D. J. (1983). A developmental analysis of pride and shame. Human Development, 26, 42-54.
51. Wallbott, H. G., & Scherer, K. R. (1989). Assessing emotion by questionnaire. In R. Plutchik & H. Kellerman (Eds.), Emotion theory, research, and experience: The measurement of emotions (pp. 55-82). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
52. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 106.
53. Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a consensual structure of mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 219-235.
54. Weiner, B. (1985). An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review, 92, 548-573.
55. Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. (1996). Affective events theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior. An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (pp. 1-74). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
56. Weiss, H., Suckow, K., & Cropanzano, R. (1999). Effects of justice conditions on discrete emotions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84(5), 786-794.
57. Wheeler, L., & Reis, H. T. (1991). Self-recording of everyday life events: Origins, types, and uses. Journal of Personality, 59(3), 340-354.