Critical analysis of biomonitoring endpoints for measuring exposure to polymeric diphenyl-methane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) in rats: A comparison of markers of exposure and markers of effect

Archives of Toxicology

Volumn 76, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 13-22

  Pauluhn, Jürgen ^a  

^a BAYER AG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Adduct formation and elimination; Biomonitoring; Bronchoalveolar lavage; Diphenylmethane 4,4' diisocyanate (MDI); Markers of exposure

Indexed keywords

DIPHENYLMETHANE 4,4' DIISOCYANATE; HEMOGLOBIN; OLIGOMER; POLYMER; PROTEIN;

AEROSOL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BIOAVAILABILITY; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION FUNCTION; DOSIMETER; ERYTHROCYTE; EXPOSURE; FEMALE; KINETICS; LUNG; LUNG LAVAGE; LUNG TOXICITY; METABOLITE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RAT; TIME; URINALYSIS;

ADMINISTRATION, INHALATION; ALLERGENS; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; BLOOD PROTEINS; BODY WEIGHT; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FLUID; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBINS; ISOCYANATES; LUNG; ORGAN SIZE; POLYURETHANES; PROTEINS; RATS; RATS, WISTAR; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPECIFIC PATHOGEN-FREE ORGANISMS; TIME FACTORS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0036198843     PISSN: 03405761     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-001-0301-y     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Total protein - Modified according to Layne, E. Spectrophotometric and turbidimetric methods for measuring proteins, II. Protein estimation with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent
2. Reversibility in glutathione-conjugate formation
3. Glutathione: A vehicle for the transport of chemically reactive metabolites in vivo
4. The chemistry and biochemistry of isocyanates: An overview
5. Biochemistry of protein-isocyanate interactions: A comparison of the effects of aryl vs. alkyl isocyanates
6. 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA): Comparison of macromolecular adduct formation after oral or dermal administration in the rat
7. Workers exposed to thermal degradation products of TDI and MDI-based polyurethane: Biomonitoring of 2,4_TDA, 2,6-TDA, and 4,4'-MDA in hydrolysed urine and plasma
8. Formation, solvolysis, and transcarbamoylation reactions of bis-(S-glutathionyl) adducts of 2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene
9. Pulmonary lesions in Wistar rats associated with chronic inhalation of 4,4'-methylene-diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI)
10. EC Directive 86/609/EEC on the reconciliation of legal and administrative regulations of the Member Countries for the protection of animals used for studies and other scientific purposes. Guideline of the Council dated 24 November 1986
11. A model for the formation and removal of haemoglobin adducts
12. Chronic pulmonary effects of respirable methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) aerosol in rats: Combination of findings from two bioassays
13. Biomarkers as biological indicatiors of xenobiotic exposure
14. New approaches for the evaluation of pulmonary toxicity: Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis
15. Selective and irreversible inhibition of glutathione reductase in vitro by carbamate thioester conjugates of methyl isocyanate
16. Serum proteins and the dysproteinemias
17. Isocyanates and lung disease: Experimental approaches to molecular mechanisms
18. 14C during and following inhalation exposure to radioactive toluene diisocyanate
19. Intracellular S-glutathionyl adducts in murine lung and human bronchoepithelial cells after exposure to diisocyanatotoluene
20. Rapid reduction of intracellular glutathione in human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to occupational levels of toluene diisocyanate
21. Worker's exposure to isocyanates
22. Critical review of methods of sampling, analysis, and monitoring for TDI and MDI
23. Respiration of F344 rats in nose-only inhalation exposure restrainers
24. Studies on diisocyanate adducts with blood proteins as potential biomarkers of exposure
25. In vitro adduct formation of phosgene with albumin and haemoglobin in human blood
26. Validation of an improved nose-only exposure system for rodents
27. Acute inhalation toxicity of polymeric diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) in rats: Time course of changes in bronchoalveolar lavage
28. Inhalation toxicity of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate-homopolymer (HDI-IC) aerosol: Results of single inhalation exposure studies
29. Short-term inhalation toxicity of polyisocyanate aerosols in rats: Comparative assessment of irritant-threshold concentrations by bronchoalveolar lavage
30. Repeated 4-week inhalation exposure of rats: Effect of low-, intermediate, and high-humidity chamber atmospheres
31. Inhalation toxicity of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate-homopolymers (HDI-IC and HDI-BT): Results of subacute and subchronic repeated exposure inhalation exposure studies
32. Two-week inhalation toxicity of polymeric diphenyl-methane-4,4'-diisocyanate (PMDI) in rats: Analysis of biochemical and morphological markers of early pulmonary response
33. Acute, subacute, and subchronic inhalation toxicity studies of respirable polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (polymeric MDI) aerosol in rats
34. Chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity study of respirable polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (polymeric MDI) aerosol in rats
35. Arylamine N-acetyltransferase in erythrocytes of cystic fibrosis patients
36. Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the N-oxidation of aromatic amines
37. Haemoglobin binding of bicyclic aromatic amines
38. Isocyanate-specific haemoglobin adducts in rats exposed to 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate
39. Biomonitoring of workers exposed to 4,4'-methylenedianiline or 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate
40. Haemoglobin adducts and urine metabolites of 4,4'-methylenedianiline after 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate exposure of rats
41. Albumin adducts, haemoglobin adducts and urinary metabolites in workers exposed to 4,4'-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate
42. Biotransformation of methyl isocyanate in the rat
43. Comparison of in vivo binding of aromatic nitro and amino compounds to rat haemoglobin
44. A new enzymatic method for determination of serum choline-containing phospholipids
45. Red cell life span