Functional MRI of congenital hyposmia: Brain activation to odors and imagination of odors and tastes

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2002, Pages 39-61

  Henkin, Robert I ^a   Levy, Lucien M ^a  

^a Taste and Smell Clinic   (United States)

Author keywords

Anosmia; Magnetic resonance imaging, functional; Memory; Olfaction; Taste

Indexed keywords

ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; AUDITION; BRAIN; CHEMICAL ACTIVATION; ESTERS; ODORS; STYRENE;

ANOSMIA; BRAIN ACTIVATION; BRAIN SCAN; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS; CORTEXES; LOCALISATION; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, FUNCTIONAL; OLFACTION; SYSTEM ACTIVATION; TASTE;

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING;

5,5 DIMETHYL 1,3 CYCLOHEXANEDIONE; GROWTH FACTOR; PENTYL ACETATE; PEPPERMINT; PYRIDINE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN SCINTISCANNING; CELL ACTIVATION; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONGENITAL DISORDER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; FRONTAL CORTEX; HEARING; HEMISPHERE; HUMAN; HYPOSMIA; IMAGINATION; MALE; MEMORY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ODOR; OLFACTORY DISCRIMINATION; OLFACTORY SYSTEM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SENSORY SYSTEM; SMELLING; SMELLING DISORDER; TASTE; TEMPORAL CORTEX; VAPOR PRESSURE; VISION;

EID: 0036145777     PISSN: 03638715     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004728-200201000-00008     Document Type: Article

References (327)

1. Evaluation and treatment of human olfactory dysfunction
2. Report on a survey on smell in the US
3. Hypogeusia, dysgeusia, hyposmia and dysosmia following influenza-like infection
4. Abnormalities of taste and smell following head trauma
5. Hyposmia associated with atopy
6. Defects of taste and smell in patients with hypothyroidism
7. Sensory manifestations of altered endocrine function
8. Idiopathic hypogeusia with dysgeusia, hyposmia and dysosmia: A new syndrome
9. Decreased parotid saliva gustin/carbonic anhydrase VI secretion: An enzyme disorder manifested by gustatory and olfactory dysfunction
10. Efficacy of exogenous zinc in treatment of patients with carbonic anhydrase VI deficiency
11. Decreased taste sensitivity after d-penicillamine reversed by copper administration
12. Loss of taste during therapy with penicillamine
13. Hyposmia following laryngectomy
14. Hyposmia after paranasal sinus exenteration or laryngectomy
15. Congenital malformations evident in the first month of life
16. Developmental defects
17. Genetic malformation of the inner ear in the mouse and men
18. Similarities between mice and humans with hereditary deafness
19. Teratologia: Falta total de los nervios olfactorios con anosmia en un individuo en quien existia un atrofia congenita de los testicutos y miembro viril (I)
20. The genetic aspects of primary eunuchoidism
21. Etudes sur des dysgraphies crânioencephaliques. I. Agenesie des lobes olfactifo (telencephaloschizes lateral) et des commissures colleuse et anterieure (telencephaloschizes median): In dysplasie olfacto-genitale
22. La dysplasie olfacto-genitale
23. Studies of the pituitary-Leydig cell axis in young men with hypogonadotrophin hypogonadism and hyposmia comparison with normal men; pre-pubertal boys and hypopituitary patients
24. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia (Kallmann's syndrome)
25. A new syndrome of anosmia, ichthyosis, hypogonadism and various neurologic manifestations with deficiency of steroid sulfatase and arylsulfatase C
26. Clinical evaluation of isolated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (Kallmann syndrome)
27. Olfacto-genital dysplasia in the female
28. Hypogonadotropic eunuchoidism. I. Clinical study of the mode of inheritance
29. Syndrome of anosmia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (Kallmann syndrome): Clinical and laboratory studies in 23 cases
30. Patterns of pulsatile hormone and follicle stimulating hormone secretion in pre pubertal (mid-childhood/boys and girls and patients with idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (Kallmann's syndrome): A study using an ultrasensitive time resolved immunofluorimetric assay
31. Familial monotropic pituitary gonadotropin insufficiency
32. Gonadotropin releasing hormone deficiency in the human (idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Kallmann's syndrome): Pathophysiological and genetic considerations
33. The spectrum of abnormal patterns of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion in men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Clinical and laboratory correlations
34. Father-to-son transmission of hypogonadism with anosmia: Kallmann's syndrome
35. The syndrome of anosmia with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: A genetic study of 18 new families and a review
36. Isolated gonadotropin deficiency: A heterogeneous syndrome
37. Clinical and laboratory heterogeneity in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
38. The spectrum of abnormal patterns of gonadotropin releasing hormone secretion in men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Clinical and laboratory correlations
39. Diagnosis of X-recessive Kallmann syndrome in early infancy. Evidence of hypoplastic rhinencephalon
40. Clomiphene therapy in hypogonadotrophism with defective olfaction
41. The effect of clomiphene citrate in anosmic hypogonadotrophism
42. Induction of puberty in a patient with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism: Effect of sequentially applied HCG and pulsatile GnRH administration
43. Effect of purified luteinizing hormone releasing factor on normal and hypogonadotropic anosmic men
44. Olfactory status and response to clomiphene in male gonadotrophin deficiency
45. Hypogonadotropic disorders in men and women: Diagnosis and therapy with pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone
46. Idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in men: Dependence of the hormone responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on the magnitude of the endogenous GnRH secretory defect
47. Hypogonadotropic enuchoidism. II. Gonadal responsiveness to exogenous gonadotropins
48. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Hormonal response to low dose pulsatile administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone
49. Clinical review 4: Diagnosis and treatment of isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency in men
50. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia (Kallmann's syndrome) unresponsive to clomiphene citrate
51. Brief report: Intragenic deletion of the KALIG-I gene in Kallmann's syndrome
52. Kallmann syndrome, from genetics to neurobiology
53. Xp22.3 deletion in isolated familial Kallmann's syndrome
54. Identification of olfactory dysfunction in carriers of X-linked Kallmann's syndrome
55. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency in the human
56. The importance of autosomal genes in Kallmann syndrome: Genotype-phenotype correlations and neuroendocrine characteristics
57. Kallmann's syndrome - Beyond "migation."
58. Expression of the KAL gene in multiple neuronal sites during chicken development
59. A dinucleotide repeat polymorphism at the Kallmann locus (xp 22.3)
60. A recurrent missense mutation in the KAL gene in patients with X-linked Kallmann's syndrome
61. Characterization of the chicken and quail homologues of the human gene responsible for the X-linked Kallmann syndrome
62. Structure of the X-linked Kallmann syndrome gene and its homologous pseudogene on the Y chromosome
63. Familial Kallmann syndrome: A novel splice acceptor mutation in the KAL gene
64. Variable penetrance of hypogonadism in a sibship with Kallmann syndrome due to a deletion of the KAL gene
65. Contiguous gene syndrome due to deletion of the first three exons of the Kallmann gene and complete deletion of the steroid sulphatase gene
66. Heterogeneity in the mutations responsible for X chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome
67. Genetic heterogeneity evidenced by the low incidence of KAL-1 gene mutations in sporadic cases of gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency
68. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency in the human
69. Origin of lutenizing hormone-releasing hormone neurons
70. Spatio-temporal cell expression of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone in the prenatal mouse: Evidence for an embryonic organ in the olfactory placode
71. Ontogeny of gonadotropin-releasing hormone containing neurons in early fetal development of rhesus macaques
72. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-expressing cells do not migrate normally in an inherited hypogonadal (Kallmann) syndrome
73. Anosmin-1 is a regionally restricted component of basement membranes and interstitial matrices during organogenesis: Implications for the developmental anomalies of X chromosome-linked Kallmann syndrome
74. Initial characterization of anosmin-1, a putative extracellular matrix protein synthesized by definite neuronal cell population in the central nervous system
75. A gene deleted in Kallmann's syndrome shares homology with neural cell adhesion and axonal pathfinding molecules
76. The candidate given for the X-linked Kallmann syndrome encodes a protein related to adhesion molecules
77. Neurologic findings in men with isolated hypogonadatropic hypogonadism
78. The neurobiology of Kallmann's syndrome
79. Kallmann's syndrome. Mirror movements associated with bilateral corticospinal tract hypertrophy
80. Familial spastic paraplegia with Kallmann's syndrome
81. X-linked Kallmann syndrome and renal agenesis occurring together and independently in a large Australian family
82. Unilateral renal aplasia in X-linked Kallmann's syndrome
83. Familial Kallmann's syndrome with renal aplasia
84. Alopecia universalis and Kallmann's syndrome
85. Kallmann syndrome association with choanal atresia
86. Male infant with ichthyosis, Kallman syndrome, chondrodysplasia punctata, and an Xp chromosome deletion
87. Kallmann's syndrome with associated cardiovascular and intracranial anomalies
88. Craniofacial morphology in patients with Kallmann's syndrome with and without cleft lip and palate
89. The basal cell naevus syndrome: Report of a family with anosmia and a case of hypogonadotrophic hypopituitarism
90. Heterogeneity of Kallmann's syndrome
91. Two novel mutations in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor gene in Brazilian patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and normal olfaction
92. Mutations in gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor gene cause hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
93. Markedly delayed puberty or Kallmann's syndrome variant
94. Evidence for the Bauman variant in Kallmann's syndrome
95. Delayed puberty and anosmia: Coincidence or Kallmann variant?
96. Kallmann's syndrome: Is it always for life?
97. La dysplasia olfacto-genitale (agenesis des lobes olfactifs avec absence de development gonadique a la puberte)
98. Concerning the combined occurrence of partial defect of the lobus olfactorius with eunuchoidism
99. Median cranioencephalic dysgraphia and olfacto-genital dysplasia
100. Über partiellen riechlappindefekt und eunuchoidismus beim menschen
101. Eunuchoidism and marmoration of the corpus striatum
102. Ein beitrag zur frage der arhinencephalie (Art V)
103. Defect of both olfactory nerves with stunted genitalia
104. A new case of arhinencephalia
105. Two autopsied cases of Kallmann's syndrome with dysplasia of the hippocampus
106. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with anosmia and hypothalamic hypogonadism (Kallmann's syndrome)
107. MR imaging of Kallmann syndrome: A genetic disorder of neuronal migration affecting the olfactory and genital systems
108. Kallmann's syndrome: MR evaluation of olfactory system
109. The neuroradiology of Kallmann's syndrome: A genotypic and phenotypic analysis
110. L'imagerie par resonance magnetique des voies olfactives dans de syndrome de Kallmann de Morsier
111. Kallmann syndrome: MR findings
112. Kallmann syndrome versus idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism at MR imaging
113. Kallmann syndrome, MR findings
114. Histopathology of olfactory mucosa in Kallmann's syndrome
115. Electron microscopic observations of the nasal olfactory area in Kallmann syndrome
116. Functionally mature olfactory neurons from two anosmic patients with Kallmann syndrome
117. Olfactory sensory neurons are trophically dependent on the olfactory bulb for their prolonged survival
118. Congenital anosmia
119. Olfactory mucosal biopsy in patients with congenital anosmia
120. Congenital lack of olfactory ability
121. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the nasal epithelia of adults with Kallmann's syndrome and isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and in the early midtrimester fetus
122. A syndrome of eunuchoidism with spermatogenesis, normal urinary FSH and low or normal ICSH: "fertile eunuchs."
123. Adult onset idopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism - A treatable form of male infertility
124. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity of gonadotropin-releasing hormone deficiency in the human
125. The hemophilias - From royal genes to gene therapy
126. Familial holoprosencephaly with endocrine dysgenesis
127. Facial hypoplasia, growth, retardation, impairment of oral sensation and perception and hyposmia: A new syndrome
128. Myotonia, dwarfism, diffuse bone disease and unusual ocular and facial abnormalities (a new syndrome)
129. A newly recognized syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies
130. A familial syndrome of facial and skeletal anomalies associated with genital abnormality in the male and normal genitals in the female
131. A case of the Smith-Lemli-Obitz syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies in association with dysplasia and epiphysialis punctata
132. A syndrome characterized by mental retardation, short stature, craniofacial dysplasia and genital anomalies occurring in siblings
133. Oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia
134. Associated congenital defects of the ears, eyelids and malar bones (Treacher Collins syndrome)
135. Hallerman Streiff syndrome
136. Congenital malformation of the ear and mandible
137. Alobar holoprosencephaly (arrhinencephaly) with median cleft lip and palate: Clinical, electroencephalographic and nosologic considerations
138. The face predicts the brain: Diagnostic significance of median facial anomalies for holoprosencephaly (arhinencephaly)
139. Perspectives on holoprosencephaly. Part I. Epidemiology, genetics, and syndromology
140. The syndrome of brachymetacarpal dwarfism ("pseudo-pseudo-hypoparathyroidism") with and without gonadal dysgenesis
141. Asymmetry, short stature and variations in sexual development
142. Genotypic and phenotypic spectrum in tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome
143. Perceptual abnormalities in patients with chromatin negative gonadal dysgenesis and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism
144. Turner's syndrome: Further demonstration of the presence of specific cognitional deficiencies
145. A specific cognitive deficit observed in gonadal aplasia (Turner's syndrome)
146. Lateralized neurologic deficits and psychopathology in a Turner syndrome patient
147. Sensory abnormalities in patients with Turner's syndrome
148. Spatial and temporal processing in patients with Turner's syndrome
149. Age and sex differences in averaged evoked responses in a normal population with observations on patients with gonadal dysgenesis
150. Olfactory acuity, menstrual abnormalities and oocyte status
151. Abnormalities of taste and olfaction in patients with chromatin negative gonadal dysgenesis
152. Les phenomènes olfacto-sexuels chez l'homme
153. Hereditary deficiencies in the sense of smell
154. Absence of olfactory sensation
155. Olfactory acuity in an industrial population
156. Familial anosmia
157. Anosmes particelles et odeurs fondamentls
158. Congenital lack of olfactory ability
159. Incidence and probable inheritance of "smell blindness" to normal butyl mercaptan
160. Odour-blindness to musk? Simple recessive inheritance
161. Measurement of specific anosmia
162. Specific anosmia and the concept of primary odors
163. Mapping brain activation to odorants in patients with smell loss by functional MRI
164. Functional MRI of human olfaction
165. Odor memory induces brain activation as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging
166. Taste memory induces brain activation as revealed by functional MRI
167. Lateralization of brain activation to imagination and smell of odors using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI): Left hemispheric localization of pleasant and right hemispheric localization of unpleasant odors
168. Increased brain activation in response to odors in patients with hyposmia after theophylline treatment demonstrated by fMRI
169. Taste and smell phantoms revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
170. Hypoplasia of the nose and eyes, hyposmia, hypogeusia, and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism in two males
171. Functional MRI of olfaction in normals and patients
172. MRI of olfactory structures: Normal subjects and patients with olfactory dysfunction
173. A double blind study of the effects of zinc sulfate on taste and smell dysfunction
174. Complete anosmia - The absence of olfaction at primary and accessory olfactory areas
175. The definition of primary and accessory areas of olfaction as the basis for a classification of decreased olfactory acuity
176. Hyposmia secondary to excision of the olfactory epithelium. The definition of primary and accessory areas of olfaction
177. Neuro-functional imaging and profound deafness
178. Differential activation pattern in the visual cortex of late and congenitally blind subjects
179. Blindsight in man and monkey
180. Blindsight in real sight
181. Visual reactions in a case of long lasting cortical blindness
182. Conscious visual perception without VI
183. Cortical visual dysfunction in children: A clinical study
184. Is perception of light useful to the blind patient?
185. Is the study of blind patients useful for understanding light perception?
186. Suppression of melatonin secretion in some blind patients by exposure to bright light
187. Magnetic stimuli applied over motor and visual cortex: Influence of coil portion and field polarity on motor responses, phosphenes and eye movements
188. "Deaf hearing": Unacknowledged detection of auditory stimuli in a patient with cerebral deafness
189. A case of persistent cortical deafness: Clinical, neurophysiologic, and neuropathologic observations
190. A case of cortical deafness
191. Disorders of auditory processing: Evidence for modularity in audition
192. So-called cortical deafness. Clinical, neuropsychologic and radiologic observation
193. The neural correlaters of deaf-hearing in man: Conscious sensory awareness enabled by attentional modulation
194. Cortical deafness - A case report and review of the literature
195. A case of cortical deafness
196. Effects of bilateral and unilateral ablation of auditory cortex in cats on the unconditioned head orienting response to acoustic stimuli
197. Psychophysical flicker thresholds and ERG flicker responses in congenital and acquired vision deficiencies
198. Influence of retinal lesions on grating acuity of the cat
199. Representation of space in blind persons: Vision as a spatial sense?
200. Auditory cortex activity changes in long-term sensorineural deprivation during crude cocklear electrical stimulation: A PET study
201. Regional cerebral activation during auditory stimulation in patients with cochlear implants
202. 15O and PET
203. 15O PET
204. Auditory cortex activation in deaf subjects during cochlear electrical stimulation: Evaluation by functional MRI
205. Cortical activation with sound stimulation in cochlear implant users demonstrated by positron emission tomography
206. Activation of auditory cortex with speech stimuli in cochlear implant subjects: A PET study
207. Olfactory ensheathing cells - Another miracle cure for spinal cord injury?
208. Transplantation of nasal olfactory tissue promotes partial recovery in paraplegic adult rats
209. Regeneration of sensory olfactory epithelium and nerves in adult
210. Neuronal degeneration and regeneration in the olfactory epithelium following transection of the first cranial nerve
211. Neuronal changes in the forebrain of mice following penetration by regenerating olfactory axons
212. Recovery of olfactory function after bilateral bulbectomy
213. Autoradiographic and ultrastructural observations on the frog's olfactory mucosa
214. Dynamics of cell populations in the olfactory epithelium
215. Cell dynamics in the olfactory mucosa
216. Neuronal regeneration in frog olfactory system
217. Neurogenesis and neuron regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals III. Deafferentation and reinervation of the olfactory bulb following section of the fila olfactoria in rat
218. Olfactory sensory neurons are trophically dependent on the olfactory bulb for their prolonged survival
219. Plasticity of connections of the olfactory sensory neuron: Regeneration into the forebrain following bulbectomy in the neonatal mouse
220. Recovery of olfactory behavior. I. Recovery after a complete olfactory bulb lesion correlates with olfactory nerve penetration
221. Formation of glomerulus-like structures by the olfactory nerve after neonatal bulbectomy
222. Olfaction in olfactory bulbectomized rats
223. Alterations of visual cortical connections in cats following early removal of retinal input
224. Effects of binocular deprivation on the development of clustered horizontal connections in cat striate cortex
225. Late effects of early binocular visual deprivation on the function of Brodmann's area 7 of monkeys (Macaca arctoides)
226. Maturation and connectivity of the visual cortex in monkey is altered by prenatal removal of retinal input
227. Early visual deprivation alters modality of neuronal responses in area 19 of monkey cortex
228. Modification of parietal association cortex and functional blindness after binocular deprivation in young monkeys
229. Quantitative study of the development of the optic nerve in rats reared in the dark during early postpartal life
230. Synaptogenesis in the occipital cortex of macaque monkey devoid of retinal input from early embryonic stages
231. Modification of parietal association cortex and functional blindness after binocular deprivation in young monkeys
232. The role of experience in visual development
233. Visual recovery after monocular deprivation is driven by absolute rather than relative, visually evoked activity levels
234. Receptor field dynamics in adult primary visual cortex
235. Reorganization of retinotopic cortical maps in adult mammals after lesions of the retina
236. Morphological dissociation between visual pathways and cortex: MRI of visually deprived patients with congenital peripheral blindness
237. Neuroimaging in infants with delayed visual development
238. Eye movements and vestibulo-ocular reflex in the blind
239. Septo-optic dysplasia: MRI imaging
240. Dimensions in the optic nerves, chiasm, and tracts: MR quantitative comparison between patients with optic atrophy and normals
241. Wallerian degeneration: Evaluation with MR imaging
242. Wallerian degeneration after cerebral infarction: Evaluation with sequential MR imaging
243. Consequences of auditory deprivation in animals and in humans
244. Deafness induced changes on the central nervous system and their reversability and prevention
245. Spiral ganglion neuron loss following organ of corti loss: A quantitative study
246. Increased spiral ganglion cell survival in electrically stimulated, deafened guinea pig cochlear
247. Auditory cortex activity changes in long-term sensorineural deprivation during crude cochlear electrical stimulation: A PET study
248. Cortical reorganization in motor cortex after graft of both hands
249. Effects of monocular enucleation upon ocular dominance columns and cytochrome oxidose activity in monkey and visual cortex
250. Early visual experience and face processing
251. GABAergic neurons and their role in cortical plasticity in primates
252. Activity-dependent regulation of GABA expression in the visual cortex of adult monkeys
253. Reduction in number of GABA immunostained neurons in deprived-eye dominance columns of monkey area 17
254. Functional role of GABA in cat primary somatosensory cortex: Shaping of receptive fields of cortical neurons
255. Activity dependent changes in GAD and preprotachykinin mRNAs in visual cortex of adult monkeys
256. Transient increase in glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA in the cerebral cortex following focal cortical lesion in the rat
257. Plasticity in the barrel cortex of the adult mouse: Effects of peripheral deprivation on GAD-immunoreactivity
258. Expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA in normal and monocularly deprived cat visual cortex
259. Different effects of monocular deprivation on glutamic acid decarboxylase and type II calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase gene expression in the adult monkey visual cortex
260. Quantitative study of glutamic acid decarboxylase-immunoreactive neurons and cytochrome oxidase activity in normal and partially deafferentated rat hindlimb somatosensory cortex
261. Plasticity in the cerebral cortex of the adult mouse: Transient increase of GAD-immunomactivity following sensory stimulation
262. A receptors in adult monkey cortex
263. Effect of sensory deafferentation on immunoreactivity of GABAergic cells and on GABA receptors in the adult cat visual cortex
264. A receptors in cat visual cortex
265. Increase of GABA receptor binding activity after short lasting mononuclear deprivation in kittens
266. Changes in the visual system of monocularly sutured or enucleated cats demonstrable with cytochrome oxidase histochemistry
267. Effect of impulse blockage on cytochrome oxidase activity in monkey visual cortex
268. Immunoreactivity for a calmodulin-dependent protein kinase is selectively increased in macaque striate cortex after monocular deprivation
269. Cortical reorganization following binocular focal retinal lesions in the adult cat and monkey
270. Functional reconnections without new axonal growth in partially denervated visual relay nucleus
271. A functional sign and reorganization in the visual system of adult cats: Lateral genicular neurons with displaced receptive fields after lesions of the nasal retina
272. Neonatal sound deprivation affects brain stem auditory nuclei
273. Recovery of visual responses in foveal VI neurons following bilateral foveal lesions in adult monkey
274. Differential cochlear implants in deafness recruitment of the speech processing system in healthy subjects and rehabilitated cochlear implant patients
275. Mechanisms controlling the onset of puberty in primates: The role of GABAergic neurons
276. fMRI occipital activation by tactile stimulation in a blind man
277. Braille reading by the blind activates the primary visual cortex
278. Neural networks for Braille reading in the blind
279. Recovery of vision after partial visual system injury as a model of post lesion neuroplasticity
280. Plasticity of the human motor cortex
281. Static and dynamic organization of motor cortex
282. Representation of space in blind persons: Vision as a spatial sense?
283. Spatial knowledge in blind and sighted children
284. Imagery limitations in totally congenitally blind subjects
285. Imagery in the congenitally blind: How visual are visual images?
286. Imagery rating and recall in congenitally blind subjects
287. Isolated visual hallucinations and the Charles Bonnet syndrome: A review of the literature and presentation of six cases
288. Auditory hallucinations due to ear disease
289. Psychophysiological contributions to phantom limb
290. Auditory spatial receptive fields created by multiplication
291. Fractionation of visual memory: Evidence from a case with multiple neurodevelopmental impairments
292. Auditory memory in congenitally blind adults: A behavioral electrophysiological investigation
293. Individual differences in the capacity limitations of visuospatial short-term memory: Research on sighted and totally congenitally blind people
294. The implications of congenital deafness for working memory
295. High metabolic activity in the visual cortex of early blind human subjects
296. Increased regional blood flow in inferior occipital cortex and cerebellum of early blind humans
297. Different activation patterns in the visual cortex of late and congenitally blind subjects
298. Glucose utilization in human visual cortex is abnormally elevated in blindness of early onset but decreased in blindness of late onset
299. Brain energy metabolism in early blind subjects: Neural activity in the visual cortex
300. Physiologically initiated and inhibited phantosmia: Cyclic, unirhinal, episodic, recurrent phantosmia revealed by brain fMRI
301. Decreased parotid saliva gustin/carbonic anhydrase VI secretion: An enzyme disorder manifested by gustatory and olfactory dysfunction
302. Efficacy of exogenous zinc in treatment of patients with carbonic anhydrase VI deficiency
303. Carbonic anhydrase (CA) VI action differs from that of CA I and II. CAVI inhibition induced human taste dysfunction
304. Stem cell transplantation in patients with severe neutropenia without evidence of leukemia transformation
305. Familial dyserthropoietic anemia and thrombocytopenia due to an inherited mutation in GATA 1
306. Gene therapy restores vision in a canine model of childhood blindness
307. Elevated intracellular levels of cAMP induce olfactory ensheathing cells to express GAL-C and GFAP but not MBP
308. Functional specialization in rhesus monkey auditory cortex
309. Visual imaging and visual representation
310. Visual memory, visual imagery and visual recognition of large field patterns by the human brain: Functional anatomy by positron emission tomography
311. Activation of visual pigment: Chromophore structure and function
312. Photoreceptor adoptation-vertebrates
313. Seeing brightness
314. Congenital anosmia: Detection thresholds for seven odorant classes in hypogonadal and eugonadal patients
315. Development of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test: A standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function