The new medical model: Interdisciplinary treatment and the limits of behaviorism

Behavioral Disorders

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 168-178

  Forness, Steven R ^a   Kavale, Kenneth A ^a   Davanzo, Pablo A ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0036002357     PISSN: 01987429     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/019874290202700203     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Abikoff, H. (2001). Tailored psychosocial treatments for ADHD: The search for a good fit. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 122-125.
2. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
3. Asarnow, J. R., Jaycox, L. H., & Tompson, M. C. (2001). Depression in youth: Psychosocial interventions. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 33-47.
4. August, G. J., Realmuto, G. M., MacDonald, A. W., Nugent, S. M., & Crosby, R. (1996). Prevalence of ADHD and comorbid disorders among elementary school children screened for disruptive behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 24, 571-595.
5. Blankstein, A. M., Bullock, L. M., & Copans, S. A. (1998). Special issue: Interventions without drugs: A focus on AD/HD. Reaching Today's Youth, 2(2), 2-3.
6. Brestan, E., & Eyberg, S. (1998). Effective psychosocial treatment of conduct-disordered children and adolescents: 29 years, 82 studies, and 5,272 kids. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 180-189.
7. Conners, C. K., Epstein, J. N., March, J. S., Angold, A., Wells, K. C., Klaric, J., Swanson, J. M., Arnold, L. E., Abikoff, H. B., Elliott, G. R., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L., Hinshaw, S. P., Hoza, B., Jensen, P. S., Kraemer, H. C., Newcorn, J. H., Pelham, W. E., Severe, J. B., Vitiello, B., & Wigal, T. (2001). Multimodal treatment of ADHD in the MTA: An alternative outcome analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 159-167.
8. DuPaul, G. J., & Eckert, T. L. (1997). The effects of school-based interventions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis. School Psychology Review, 26, 5-27.
9. Forness, S. R. (1988). Planning for the needs of children with serious emotional disturbance: The national special education and mental health coalition. Behavioral Disorders, 13, 127-133.
10. Forness, S. R. (2001). Special education and related services: What have we learned from meta-analysis? Exceptionality, 7, 185-197.
11. Forness, S. R., Cantwell, D., Swanson, J., Youpa, D., & Hanna, G. (1991). Differential effects of stimulant medication on reading performance of hyperactive boys with and without conduct disorder. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 24, 304-310.
12. Forness, S. R., Cluett, S. E., Ramey, C. T., Ramey., S. L., Zima, B. T., Hsu, C., Kavale, K. A., & MacMillan, D. L. (1998). Special education identification of Head Start children with emotional or behavioral disorders in second grade. Journal of Emotional or Behavioral Disorders, 6, 194-204.
13. Forness, S. R., & Kavale, K. A. (2000). Emotional or behavioral disorders. Background and current status of the E/BD terminology and definition. Behavioral Disorders, 25, 264-269.
14. Forness, S. R., & Kavale, K. A. (2001). Ignoring the odds: Hazards of not adding the new medical model to special education decisions. Behavioral Disorders, 26, 269-281.
15. Forness, S. R., & Kavale, K. A. (in press). Impact of ADHD on school systems. In P. S. Jensen & J. R. Cooper (Eds.), Diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: An evidence-based approach. New York: Civic Research Institute.
16. Forness, S. R., Kavale, K. A., Sweeney, D. P., & Crenshaw, T. M. (1999). The future of research and practice in behavioral disorders: Psychopharmacology and its school treatment implications. Behavioral Disorders, 24, 305-318.
17. Forness, S. R., Kavale, K. A., & Walker, H. M. (1999). Identifying children at risk for antisocial behavior: The case for comorbidity. In R. G. Gallimore, C. Bernheimer, D. L. MacMillan, & D. Speece (Eds.), Developmental perspectives on children with high incidence disabilities (pp.135-155). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
18. Forness, S., & MacMillan, D. (1970). The origins of behavior modification with exceptional children. Exceptional Children, 37, 93-100.
19. Forness, S. R., Swanson, J. M., Cantwell, D. P., Guthrie, D., & Sena, R. (1992). Response to stimulant medication across six measures of school-related performance in children with ADHD and disruptive behavior. Behavioral Disorders, 18, 42-53.
20. Forness, S. R., Swanson, J. M., Cantwell, D. P., Youpa, D., & Hanna, G. (1992). Stimulant medication and reading performance: Follow-up on sustained dose in hyperactive boys with and without conduct disorders. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 25, 115-123.
21. Francis, S., Fine, J., & Tannock, R. (2001). Methylphenidate selectively improves story retelling in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 11, 217-228.
22. Garland, A. F., Hough, R. L., McCabe, K. M., Yeh, M., Wood, P. A., & Aarons, G. A. (2001 ). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in youths across five sectors of care. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 409-418.
23. Greene, R., & Ablon, J. S. (2001). What does the MTA study tell us about effective psychosocial treatment for ADHD? Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 114-121.
24. Gresham, F. M. (2002). Caveat emptor: Considerations before buying into the "new" medical model. Behavioral Disorders, 27, 158-167.
25. Gresham, F. M., Lane, K. L., & Lambros, K. (2000). Comorbidity of conduct problems and ADHD: Identification of "fledgling psychopaths." Journal of Emotional and Behavior Disorders, 8, 83-93.
26. Gresham, F. M., Lane, K. L., McIntyre, L. L., Olson-Tinker, H., Dolstra, L., MacMillan, D. M., Lambros, K. M., & Bocian, K. (2001). Risk factors associated with the co-occurrence of hyperactivity-impulsivity-inattention and conduct problems. Behavioral Disorders, 26, 189-199.
27. Gresham, F. M., MacMillan, D. L., & Bocian, K. (1996). Learning disabilities, low achievement, and mild mental retardation: More alike than different? Journal of Learning Disabilities, 29, 570-581.
28. Gresham, F. M., MacMillan, D. L., Bocian, K., Ward, S. L., & Forness, S. R. (1998). Comorbidity of hyperactivity-impulsivity-inattention + conduct problems: Risk factors in social, affective, and academic domains. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 26, 393-406.
29. Hoagwood, K. (2001). Evidence-based practice in children's mental health services: What do we know? Why aren't we putting it to use? Emotional & Behavioral Disorders in Youth, 1, 84-87, 90.
30. Hoza, B. (2001). Psychosocial treatment issues in the MTA: A reply to Greene and Ablon. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 126-130.
31. Jensen, P. S. (2000, April). Comparing the effectiveness of treatments for children with ADHD. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Council for Exceptional Children, Vancouver, BC.
32. Kaslow, N. J., &Thompson, M. P. (1998). Applying the criteria for empirically supported treatments to studies of psychosocial interventions for child and adolescent depression. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 146-155.
33. Kavale, K. A., Forness, S. R., & Walker, H. M. (1999). Interventions for ODD and CD in the schools. In H. Quay & A. Hogan (Eds.), Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders (pp. 441-454). New York: Plenum.
34. Keller, M. B., Ryan, N. D., Strober, M., Klein, R. G., Kutcher, S. P., Birmaher, B., Hagino, O. R., Koplewicz, H., Carlson, G. A., Clarke, G. N., Emslie, G. J., Feinberg, D., Geller, B., Kusumakar, V., Papatheodorou, G., Sack, W. H., Sweeney, M., Wagner, K. D., Weller, E. B., Winters, N. C., Oakes, R., & McCafferty, J. P. (2001). Efficacy of paroxetine in the treatment of adolescent major depression: A randomized, controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 762-772.
35. Kolko, D. J., Bukstein, O. G., & Barron, J. (1999). Methylphenidate and behavior modification in children with ADHD and comorbid ODD or C: Main and incremental effects across settings. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 578-586.
36. Kollins, S. H., Barkley, R. A., &DuPaul, G. J. (2001). Use and management of medications for children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Focus on Exceptional Children, 33(5), 1-24.
37. Leslie, L. K., Weckerly, J., Gordon, J., Gist, K., Eastman, S., & Pearson, R. (2001). Improving care for ADHD in primary care pediatrics. Unpublished manuscript, Child and Adolescent Service Research Center, 3020 Children's Way, San Diego, CA 92123.
38. MacMillan, D., & Forness, S. (1970). Behavior modification: Limitations and liabilities. Exceptional Children, 37, 291-297.
39. MacMillan, D. L., Gresham, F. M., & Bocian, K. M. (1998). Discrepancy between definitions of learning disabilities and school practices: An empirical investigation. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 31, 314-326.
40. March, J. S., Franklin, M., Nelson, A., & Foa, E. (2001). Cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy for pédiatrie obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 8-18.
41. Mattison, R. E., Gadow, K. D., Sprafkin, J., & Nolan, E. (in press). A procedure to enhance teacher communication about DSM-IV psychiatric diagnoses. Behavioral Disorders.
42. McClellan, J. M., &Werry, J. S. (2000). Introduction to special section: Research psychiatric diagnostic interviews for children and adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 19-99.
43. Mesman, J., & Koot, H. M. (2001). Early preschool predictors of preadolescent internalizing and externalizing DSM-IV diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1029-1036.
44. MTA Cooperative Group. (1999a). A 14-month randomized clinical trial of treatment strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 1073-1086.
45. MTA Cooperative Group. (1999b). Moderators and mediators of treatment response for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 1088-1095.
46. Ollendick, T., & King, N. (1998). Empirically supported treatments for children with phobic and anxiety disorders: Current status. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 156-167.
47. Oswald, D. P. (2002). The new medical model and beyond: A response to Forness and Kavale. Behavioral Disorders, 27, 155-157.
48. Pelham, W., Wheeler, T., & Chronis, A. (1998). Empirically supported psychosocial treatments for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 27, 190-205.
49. Research Unit on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Anxiety Study Group. (2001). Fluvoxamine for the treatment of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. New England Journal of Medicine, 344, 1279-1285.
50. Redden, S. C., Forness, S. R., Ramey, S. L., Ramey, C. T., Brezausek, C. M., & Kavale, K. A. (2001). Children at risk: Effects of a four-year Head Start transition program on special education identification. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 10, 255-270.
51. Redden, S. C., Forness, S. R., Ramey, S. L., Ramey, C. T., Zima, B. T., Brezausek, C. M., & Kavale, K. (1999). Head Start children at third grade: Preliminary special education identification and placement of children with emotional, learning, or related disabilities. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 8, 285-303.
52. Richards, T. L. (2001). Functional magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic imaging of the brain: Application of fMRI and fMRS to reading disabilities and education. Learning Disability Quarterly, 24, 189-203.
53. Riddle, M. A., Kastelic, E. A., & Frosch, E. (2001). Pediatric psychopharmacology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42, 73-90.
54. Rogers, R. (2001). Handbook of diagnostic and structured interviewing. New York: Guilford.
55. Sasso, G. M., Conroy, M. A., Stichter, J. P., & Fox, J. J. (2001). Slowing down the bandwagon: The misapplication of functional assessment for students with emotional or behavioral disorders. Behavioral Disorders, 26, 282-296.
56. Schachar, R., & Tannock, R. (1993). Childhood hyperactivity and psychostimulants: A review of extended treatment studies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 3, 81-87.
57. Searight, H. R., Rottnek, F., & Abby, S. L. (2001). Conduct disorder: Diagnosis and treatment in primary care. American Family Physician, 63, 1579-1588.
58. Steiner, H. (1997). Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with conduct disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 122S-139S.
59. Swanson, J. M., Kraemer, H. C., Hinshaw, S. P., Arnold, L. E., Conners, C. K., Abikoff, H. B., Clevenger, W., Davies, M., Elliot, G. R., Greenhill, L. L., Hechtman, L., Hoza, B., Jensen, P. S., March, J. S., Newcorn, J. H., Owns, E. B., Pelham, W., Schiller, E., Severe, J. B., Simpson, S., Vitiello, B., Wells, K., Wigal, T., & Wu, M. (2001). Clinical relevance of the primary findings of the MTA: Success rates based on severity of ADHD and ODD symptoms at the end of treatment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 168-179.
60. Teplin, L. S. (2002, September). Juvenile justice and identification of mental health needs. Paper presented at the U.S. Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health. [Executive summary]. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health.
61. Wagner, K. D., & Ambrosini, P. J. (2001). Childhood depression: Pharmacological therapy/treatment (Pharmacotherapy of childhood depression). Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 30, 88-97.
62. Walrath, C. M., Mandell, D. S., Liao, Q., Holden, E. W., De Carolis, G., Santiago, R. L., and Leaf, P. J. (2001). Suicide attempts in the comprehensive community mental health services for children and their families program. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1197-1205.
63. Wilens, T. E. (1999). Straight talk about psychiatric medication for kids. New York: Guilford.