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The large standard deviations are a consequence of the classical propagation, which samples too many configurations near the potential wells as a result of the low velocities in those regions; in the vibrational ground state, the main contributions arise from configurations near the equilibrium structure.
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It should be noted that this value only represents the "classical" thermal effect and is not averaged over the zero-point motion. For first-row nuclei, such zero-point effects are larger than that of the temperature, see for instance ref. [5].
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0002927683
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note
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2O cluster such a minimum can also be located with a CP optimization; during a CPMD run at 300 K, however, one of the water molecules dissociates from this equilibrium configuration (in less than 1 ps) and forms a hydrogen bond to the second water molecule present.
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The classical propagation makes the conventional CPMD method not very well suited for the study of H transfer processes, for which quantum effects on the nuclei should be included explicitly (for instance, by path-integral methods; for a recent application see: D. Marx, M. E. Tuckerman, J. Hutter, M. Parrinello, Nature 1999, 397, 601). In any event, the occurrence of a deuterium transfer on the classical energy surface suggests that this is indeed a facile process.
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0002920811
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note
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2O.
-
-
-
|