Underestimation of the importance of homocysteine as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in epidemiological studies

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation

Volumn 8, Issue 6, 2001, Pages 363-369

  Clarke, R ^a   Lewington, S ^a   Donald, A ^a   Johnston, C ^b   Refsum, H ^c   Stratton, I ^d   Jacques, P ^e   Breteler, M M B ^f   Holman, R ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BERGEN   (Norway)

^d UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^e TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

cardiovascular disease; homocysteine; risk assessment

Indexed keywords

HOMOCYSTEINE;

ADULT; AGED; AMINO ACID BLOOD LEVEL; ANALYTICAL ERROR; ARTICLE; ARTIFACT REDUCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CONTROLLED STUDY; DATA ANALYSIS; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METHODOLOGY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGRESSION DILUTION;

AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES; FEMALE; HOMOCYSTEINE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 0035699961     PISSN: 17418267     EISSN: 17418275     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/174182670100800605     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PW, Rush D, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA 1993; 270: 2693–2698.
2. Nygard O, Refsum H, Ueland PM, Vollset SE. Major lifestyle determinants of plasma total homocysteine distribution: The Hordaland Homocysteine study. Am J Clin Nutr 1998; 67: 263–270.
3. Jacques PF, Bostom AG, Wilson PWF, Rich S, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J. Determinants of plasma total homocysteine concentration in the Framingham Offspring Cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2001; 73: 613–621.
4. Boushey C, Beresford SAA, Omenn GS, Motulsky AG. A quantitative assessment of plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease: Probable benefits of increasing folic acid intakes. JAMA 1995; 274: 1049–1057.
5. Refsum H, Ueland PM, Nygard O, Vollset S. Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease. Ann Rev Med 1988; 49: 31–62.
6. Danesh J, Lewington S. Plasma homocysteine and coronary heart disease. J Cardiovasc Risk 1998; 5: 229–232.
7. Evans RW, Shaten BJ, Hempel JD, Cutler JA, Kuller LH. Homocyst(e)ine and risk of cardiovascular disease in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997; 17: 1947–1953.
8. Alfthan G, Pekkanen J, Jauhiainen M, Pitkaniemi J, Karvonen M, Tuomilehto J, et al Relation of serum homocysteine and lipoprotein(a) concentrations to atherosclerotic disease in a prospective Finnish population based study. Atherosclerosis 1994; 106: 9–19.
9. Clarke R, Woodhouse P, Ulvik A, Frost C, Sherliker P, Refsum H, et al Variability and determinants of total homocysteine concentrations in an elderly population. Clin Chem 1998; 44: 102–107.
10. Garg UC, Zheng ZJ, Folsom AR, Moyer YS, Tsai MY, McGovern P, Eckfeldt JH. Short-term and long-term variability of plasma homocysteine measurement. Clin Chem 1997; 43: 141–145.
11. Israelsson B, Brattstrom L, Refsum H. Homocysteine in frozen plasma samples. A short cut to establish hyperhomocysteinemia as a risk factor for arteriosclerososis? Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1993; 53: 465–469.
12. MacMahon S, Peto R, Cutler J, Collins R, Sorlie P, Neaton J, et al Blood pressure, stroke and coronary heart disease Part 1; prolonged differences in blood pressure: Prospective observational studies corrected for the regression dilution bias. Lancet 1990; 335: 765–774.
13. Clarke R, Shipley M, Lewington S, Youngman L, Collins R, Marmot M, Peto R. Underestimation of risk associations due to regression dilution in long-term follow-up of prospective studies. Am J Epidemiol 1999; 150: 341–353.
14. Hofman A, Grobbee DE, de Jong PTVM, van den Ouweland FA. Determinants of disease and disability in the elderly: Rotterdam elderly study. Eur J Epidemiol 1991; 7: 403–422.
15. de Groot JC, de Leeuw FE, Oudkerk M, Hofman A, Jolles J, Breteler MM. Cerebral white matter lesions and cognitive function: The Rotterdam Scan Study. Ann Neurol 2000; 47: 145–151.
16. Nexo E, Engebaak F, Ueland PM, Westley C, Ogarman P, Johnston C, et al Evaluation of novel assays in clinical chemistry: Quantification of plasma total homocysteine. Clin Chem 2000; 46: 1150–1156.
17. Ueland PM, Refsum H, Stabler SP, Malinow MR, Andersson A, Allen RH. Total homocysteine in plasma or serum: Methods and clinical applications. Clin Chem 1993; 39: 1764–1779.
18. Araki A, Sako Y. Determination of free and total homocysteine in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr 1987; 422: 43–52.
19. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS): VIII Study design, progress and performance. Diabetologia 1991; 34: 877–890.
20. Manley SE, Stratton IM, Coull CA, Frighi V, Ealey EA, Matthews DR, et al Effects of three month's diet after diagnosis of type2 diabetes on plasma lipids and lipoproteins (UKPDS 45). Diabet Med 2000; 17: 518–523.
21. UKPDS Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837–853.