Negotiation or mediation?: An exploration of factors affecting the choice of conflict management in international conflict

Negotiation Journal

Volumn 17, Issue 1, 2001, Pages 59-77

  Bercovitch, Jacob ^a   Jackson, Richard ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CANTERBURY   (New Zealand)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0035625959     PISSN: 07484526     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1010920107948     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Bartos, O., 1995. Modeling distributive and integrative negotiations. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 542: 48-60.
2. Bercovitch, J., 1984. Social conflicts and third parties: Strategies of conflict resolution. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press.
3. _. 1991. International mediation and dispute settlement: Evaluating the conditions for successful mediation. Negotiation Journal 7 (1): 17-30.
4. _. 1992. The structure and diversity of mediation in international relations. In Mediation in international relations: Multiple approaches to conflict management, edited by J. Bercovitch and J. Rubin. London: MacMillan.
5. _. J. Anagnoson, and D. Wille, 1991. Some conceptual issues and empirical trends in the study of successful mediation in international relations. Journal of Peace Research 28 (1): 7-17.
6. _. and A. Houston, 1996. The study of international mediation: Theoretical issues and empirical evidence. In Resolving international conflicts: The theory and practice of mediation, edited by J. Bercovitch. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.
7. _. and R. Jackson, 1997. International conflict: A chronological encyclopedia of conflicts and their management 1945-1995. Washington: Washington Quarterly.
8. _. and Langley, J., 1993. The nature of the dispute and the effectiveness of international mediation. Journal of Conflict Resolution 37: 670-691.
9. Bigoness, W., 1976. The impact of initial bargaining position and alternative modes of third party intervention in resolving bargaining impasses. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance 17: 185-198.
10. Bingham, G., 1986. Resolving environmental disputes: A decade of experience. Washington: Conservation Foundation.
11. Blake, R. and J. Mouton, 1964. The managerial grid. Houston: Gulf.
12. Bonham, G., 1971. Simulating international disarmament negotiations. Journal of Conflict Resolution 15: 299-315.
13. Brams, S., 1975. Game theory and politics. New York: Academic Press.
14. Brecher, M., J. Wilkenfeld, and A. Moser, 1988. Crises in the twentieth century. New York: Praeger.
15. Brogan, P., 1992. World conflicts: Why and where they are happening, 2nd ed. London: Bloomsbury.
16. Butterworth, R., 1976. Managing interstate disputes, 1945-1974. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
17. Carnevale, P. and D. Pruitt, 1992. Negotiation and mediation. Annual Review of Psychology 43: 531-82.
18. Cook, C. and J. Paxton, 1979. Commonwealth political facts. London: MacMillan.
19. Day, A., ed., 1987. Border and territorial disputes. 2nd ed. Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex: Longman.
20. Dixon, W., 1996. Third-party techniques for preventing conflict escalation and promoting peaceful settlement. International Organisation 50 (4): 653-681.
21. Druckman, D., 1973. Human factors in international negotiations: Social-psychological aspects of international conflict. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage.
22. _. 1983. Social psychology and international negotiations. In Advances in applied social psychology, edited by R. Kidd and M.J. Saks. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
23. _. 1993a. The situational levers of negotiating flexibility. Journal of Conflict Resolution 37: 236-276.
24. _. 1993b. Statistical analysis for negotiation support. Theory and Decision 34: 215-233.
25. _. 1997. Dimensions of international negotiations: structures, processes, and outcomes. Group Decision and Negotiation 6: 395-420.
26. _. J. Martin, S. Nan, and D. Yagcioglu, 1999. Dimensions of international negotiation: A test of Iklé's typology. Group Decision and Negotiation 8: 89-108.
27. Fisher, R., 1990. The social psychology of intergroup and international conflict resolution. London: Springer-Verlag.
28. _. 1995. Pacific, impartial third-party intervention in international conflict: A review and analysis. In Beyond confrontation: Learning conflict resolution in the post-cold war era, edited by J. Vasquez et al., Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
29. Frankel, J., 1969. International politics: Conflict and harmony. London: Allen Lane the Penguin Press.
30. Gulliver, P., 1979. Disputes and negotiations: A cross-cultural perspective. New York: Academic Press.
31. Heuer, L. and S. Penrod, 1986. Procedural preference as a function of conflict intensity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 (4): 700-710.
32. Hiltrop, J., 1985. Mediator behaviour and the settlement of collective bargaining disputes in Britain. Journal of Social Issues 41: 83-99.
33. _. 1989. Factors associated with successful labour mediation. In Mediation research, edited by K. Kressel and D. Bruitt. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
34. Hiltrop, J., and J. Rubin, 1982. Effects of intervention mode and conflict of interest on dispute resolution. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: 665-672.
35. Holsti, K., 1966. Resolving international conflicts: A taxonomy of behaviour and some figures on procedures. Journal of Conflict Resolution 10 (2): 272-296.
36. Johnson, D. and D. Pruitt, 1972. Preintervention effects of mediation versus arbitration. Journal of Applied Psychology 56: 1-10.
37. Johnson, D. and W. Tullar, 1972. Style and third-party intervention, face saving, and bargaining behaviour. Journal of Experimental and Social Psychology 6: 319-330.
38. Keashly, L. and R. Fisher, 1996. A contingency perspective on conflict interventions: Theoretical and practical considerations. In Resolving international conflicts: The theory and practice of mediation, edited by J. Bercovitch. Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner.
39. Kleiboer, M., 1996. Understanding success and failure of international mediation. Journal of Conflict Resolution 40 (2): 360-389.
40. _. and P. Hart, 1995. Time to talk? Multiple perspectives on timing of international mediation. Cooperation and Conflict 30: 307-48.
41. Kolb, D., 1983. The mediators. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
42. Kressel, K. and D. Pruitt, eds., 1989. Mediation research: The process and effectiveness of third-party intervention. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
43. Kriesberg, L. 1982. Social conflict. 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.
44. Lall, A., 1966. Modern international negotiation: Principles and practice. New York: Columbia University Press.
45. LaTour, S., P. Houlden, L. Walker, and J. Thibaut, 1972. Some determinants of preference for modes of conflict resolution. Journal of Conflict Resolution 20 (2): 319-356.
46. Lax, D. A. and J. K. Sebenius, 1986. The manager as negotiator. New York: The Free Press.
47. Mitchell, C.R. 1991. The structure of international conflict. London: Macmillan.
48. Moore, C., 1986. The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
49. Northedge, F. and M. Donelan, 1971. International disputes: The political aspects. London: Europa.
50. Organski, A., 1960. World politics. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
51. Ott, C., 1972. Mediation as a method of conflict resolution: Two cases. International Organisation 24: 595-618.
52. Princen, T., 1992. Intermediaries in international conflict. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
53. Pruitt, D. and P. Carnevale, 1993. Negotiation in social conflict. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press.
54. _. N. McGuillicudy, G. Welton, and W. Fry, 1989. Process of mediation in dispute settlement centers. In Mediation research, edited by K. Kressel and D. Pruitt. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
55. Rahim, M., 1983. A measure of styles of handling interpersonal conflict. Academy of Management Journal 26 (2): 368-376.
56. Raiffa, H., 1982. The art and science of negotiation. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
57. Ramberg, B., 1978. The seabeds arms control negotiations: A study of multilateral arms control diplomacy. Monograph Series in World Affairs 15, book 2. Denver, Colo.: University of Denver.
58. Rapoport, A., 1960. Fights, games and debates. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
59. Raymond, G. and C. Kegley, 1985. Third-party mediation and international norms: A test of two models. Conflict Management and Peace Science 9: 33-51.
60. Rubin, J., 1980. Experimental research on third-party intervention in conflict: Toward some generalizations. Psychological Bulletin 87: 379-391.
61. _. 1992. Conclusion: International mediation in context. In Mediation in international relations: Multiple approaches to conflict management, edited by J. Bercovitch and J. Rubin. London: MacMillan.
62. _. and B. Brown, 1975. The social psychology of bargaining and negotiation. New York: Academic Press.
63. _. D. Pruitt, and S. Kim, 1994. Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate and settlement. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
64. Sawyer, J. and H. Guetzkow, 1965. Bargaining and negotiation in international relations. In International behaviour: A social-psychological analysis, edited by H. Kelman. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
65. Schelling, T., 1960. The strategy of conflict. New York: Oxford University Press.
66. Sherman, F., 1987. Pathway to peace: The United Nations and the road to nowhere? Doctorial dissertation, University of Pittsburgh.
67. Siebe, W., 1991. Game theory. In International negotiation: Analysis, approaches, issues, edited by V. Kremenyuk. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
68. Stephens, J., 1988. Acceptance of mediation initiatives: A preliminary framework. In New approaches to international mediation, edited by C. Mitchell and K. Webb. New York: Greenwood Press.
69. Thibaut, J. and L. Walker, 1975. Procedural justice: A psychological analysis. Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum.
70. _. and _. 1978. A theory of procedure. California Law Review 66: 541-566.
71. Thomas, K., 1976. Conflict and conflict management. In Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, edited by H. Dunnett. Chicago: Rand McNally College.
72. Tillema, H., 1991. International armed conflict since 1945: A bibliographic handbook of wars and military interventions. Boulder, Colo.: Westview.
73. Touval, S., 1982. The peace brokers: Mediators in the Arab-Israeli conflict 1948-1979. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
74. _. and I.W. Zartman, 1989. Mediation in international conflicts. In Mediation research, edited by K. Kressel and D. Pruitt. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
75. Wall, J., 1981. Mediation: An analysis, review and proposed research. Journal of Conflict Resolution 25: 157-180.
76. _. and A. Lynn, 1993. Mediation: A current review. Journal of Conflict Resolution 37(1): 160-194.
77. Wright, Q., 1965. The escalation of international conflicts. Journal of Conflict Resolution 9: 434-449.
78. Young, O., 1967. The intermediaries: Third parties in international crises. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
79. _. ed., 1975. Bargaining: Formal theories of negotiation. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press.
80. Zacher, M. 1979. International conflict and collective security, 1946-1977. New York: Praeger.
81. Zartman, I.W., 1981. Explaining disengagement. In Dynamics of third party intervention: Kissinger in the Middle East, edited by J. Rubin. New York: Praeger.
82. _. and S. Touval, 1996. International mediation in the post-cold war era. In Managing global chaos, edited by C. Cracker, F. Hampson, and P. Aall. Washington: U.S. Institute of Peace Press.