A pig hemorrhagic shock model: Oxygen debt and metabolic acidemia as indicators of severity

Shock

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 2001, Pages 239-244

  Rixen, Dieter ^a   Raum, Marcus ^b   Holzgraefe, Bernhard ^b   Sauerland, Stefan ^b   Nagelschmidt, Manfred ^b   Neugebauer, Edmund A M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Animal model; Base excess; Ischemic metabolism; Lactate; Mortality prediction; Oxygen deficit

Indexed keywords

LACTIC ACID; OXYGEN;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; BLOOD; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DISEASE MODEL; FEMALE; HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK; METABOLISM; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING; PROBABILITY; SWINE;

ANIMALS; DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL; FEMALE; LACTIC ACID; OXYGEN; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROBABILITY; SHOCK, HEMORRHAGIC; SWINE;

EID: 0035458835     PISSN: 10732322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00024382-200116030-00012     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Meyer AA: Death and disability from injury: a global challenge. J Trauma 44:1-12, 1998.
2. Heckbert SR, Vedder NB, Hoffman W, Winn RK, Hudson LD, Jurkovich GJ, Copass MK, Harlan JM, Rice CL, Maier RV: Outcome after hemorrhagic shock in trauma patients. J Trauma 45:545-549, 1998.
3. Deitch EA: Animal models of sepsis and shock: a review and lessons learned. Shock 9:1-11, 1998.
4. Siegel JH, Rivkind AI, Dala S, Goodzari S: Early physiologic predictors of injury severity and death in blunt multiple trauma. Arch Surg 125:498-508, 1990.
5. Shoemaker WC, Czer LSC: Evaluation of the biologic importance of various hemodynamics and oxygen transport variables: which variables should be monitored in postoperative shock? Crit Care Med 7:424-431, 1979.
6. Advanced Trauma Life Support Instructor Manual. Americal College of Surgeons, 1993, p 77.
7. Dunham CM, Siegel JH, Weireter L, Fabian M, Goodarzi S, Guadalupi P, Gettings L, Linberg SE, Vary TC: Oxygen debt and metabolic acidemia as quantitative predictors of mortality and the severity of the ischemic insult in hemorrhagic shock. Crit Care Med 19:231-243, 1991.
8. Shoemaker WC, Bland RD, Appel PL: Therapy of critically ill postoperative patients based on outcome prediction and prospective clinical trials. Surg Clin North Am 65:811-833, 1985.
9. Hannon JP, Bossone CA, Wade CE: Normal physiologic values for conscious pigs used in biomedical research. Lab Anim Sci 40:293-298, 1990.
10. Zellweger R, Ayala A, Stein S, DeMaso CM, Chaudry IH: Females in proestrus state tolerate sepsis better than males. Surg Forum 46:65-67, 1995.
11. Wichman MW, Zellweger R, Ayala A, DeMaso CM, Chaudry IH: Gender differences: improved immune function in females as opposed to decreased immune function in males following hemorrhagic shock. Surg Forum 46:758-759, 1995.
12. Hensler T, Greb A, Helling HJ, Andermahr J, Rehm KE, Neugebauer E: The influence of age and gender on the systemic release of IL-6, IL-10, STNFR P55 and P75 following multiple trauma. Shock 13 (Suppl 1):122, 2000.
13. Bickell WH, Bruttig SP, Wade CE: Hemodynamic response to abdominal aortotomy in the anesthetized swine. Circ Shock 28:321-332, 1989.
14. Traverso LW, Moore CC, Tillman FJ: A clinically applicable exsanguination shock model in swine. Circ Shock 12:1-7, 1984.
15. Hannon JP, Wade CE, Bossone CA, Hunt MM, Loveday JA: Oxygen delivery and demand in conscious pigs subjected to fixed-volume hemorrhage and resuscitated with 7.5% NaCl in 6% Dextran. Circ Shock 29:205-217, 1989.
16. Gelfand GAJ, Morales J, Jones RL, Kibsey P, Grace M, Hamilton SM: Hemorrhagic shock and bacterial translocation in a swine model. J Trauma 31:867-874, 1991.
17. Schlichting E, Lyberg T: Monitoring of tissue oxygenation in shock: an experimental study in pigs. Crit Care Med 23:1703-1710, 1995.
18. Porter JM, Ivatury RR: In search of the optimal end points of resuscitation in trauma patients: a review. J Trauma 44:908-914, 1998.
19. Scalea TM, Malts S, Yelon J, Trooskin SZ, Duncan AO, Sclafani SJ: Resuscitation of multiple trauma and head injury: role of crystalloid fluids and inotropes. Crit Care Med 20:1610-1615, 1994.
20. Abou-Khalil B, Scalea TM, Trooskin SZ, Henry SM, Hitchcock R: Hemodynamic responses to shock in young trauma patients: need for invasive monitoring. Crit Care Med 22:633-639, 1994.
21. Wichmann M, Zellweger R, DeMaso CM, Ayala A, Chaudry IH: Mechanism of immune suppression in males following trauma-hemorrhage: critical role of testosterone. Arch Surg 131:1186-1192, 1996.
22. Siegel JH, Fabian M, Smith JA, Costantino D: Use of recombinant hemoglobin solution in reversing lethal hemorrhagic hypovolemic oxygen debt shock. J Trauma 42:199-212, 1997.
23. Rixen D, Raum M, Bouillon B, Lefering R, Neugebauer E: AG Polytrauma of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie: base deficit development and its prognostic significance in posttrauma critical illness. Shock 15(2):83-89, 2001.
24. Rixen D, Goller H, Wiebe H, Heß S, Tuomisto L, Raum M, Neugebauer E. The Shock & Trauma Study Group: Local lactate and histamine changes in small bowel circulation measured by microdialysis in pig hemorrhagic shock. Shock 11 (Suppl 1):74, 1999.
25. Hartmann M, Montgomery A, Johnsson K, Haglund U: Tissue oxygenation in hemorrhagic shock measured as transcutaneous oxygen tension, subcutaneous oxygen tension, and gastrointestinal intramucosal pH in pigs. Crit Care Med 19:205-210, 1991.
26. Powell CC, Schultz SC, Burris DG, Drucker WR, Malcolm DS: Subcutaneous oxygen tension: a useful adjunct in assessment of perfusion status. Crit Care Med 23:867-873, 1995.
27. Hopf HW, Glass-Heidenreich L, Silva J, Pearce F, Ochsner MG, Frankel H, Upton R, Champion H, Drucker W, Hunt TK: Subcutaneous tissue oxygen tension in "well resuscitated" trauma patients. Crit Care Med 227:A60, 1994.
28. 2, and pH in hemorrhage, shock, and resuscitation in dogs. J Trauma 44:119-127, 1997.
29. Cairns CB, Moore FA, Haenel JB, Gallea BL, Ortner JP, Rose SJ, Moore EE: Evidence for early supply independent mitochondrial dysfunction in patients developing multiple organ failure after trauma. J Trauma 42:532-536, 1997.