Fractionalization in the cuprates: detecting the topological order

Physical Review Letters

Volumn 86, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 292-295

  Senthil, T ^a   Fisher, Matthew P A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRONS; GROUND STATE; HALL EFFECT; HOLE TRAPS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; TOPOLOGY;

ELECTRON SPLINTERS; FINITE NONZERO TEMPERATURE; FRACTIONALIZATION; SMOKING GUN; TOPOLOGICAL ORDER;

OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS;

EID: 0035120962     PISSN: 00319007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.292     Document Type: Article

References (15)

1. P.W. Anderson, Science 235, 1196 (1987).
2. S. Kivelson, D.S. Rokhsar, and J. Sethna, Phys. Rev. B 35, 8865 (1987).
3. N. Nagaosa and P. A. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 45, 966 (1992).
4. T. Senthil and Matthew P.A. Fisher, cond-mat/9912380.
5. T. Senthil and Matthew P. A. Fisher, Phys. Rev. B 61, 9690 (2000); cond-mat/0008082.
6. 2 approaches.
7. L. Balents, M. P. A. Fisher, and C. Nayak, Phys. Rev. B 60, 1654 (1999); cond-mat/9903294.
8. S. Kivelson, Phys. Rev. B 39, 259 (1989).
9. S. Sachdev, Phys. Rev. B 45, 389 (1992); N. Nagaosa and P.A. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 45, 966 (1992).
10. S. Sachdev, Phys. Rev. B 45, 389 (1992); N. Nagaosa and P.A. Lee, Phys. Rev. B 45, 966 (1992).
11. X. G. Wen, Phys. Rev. B 44, 2664 (1991).
12. X.G. Wen and Q. Niu, Phys. Rev. B 41, 9377 (1990).
13. C.H. Ahn et al. Science 284, 1152 (1999).
14. Throughout this paper, we have focused on the kind of fractionalization that possibly occurs in two-or higher-dimensional systems. The fractionalization that occurs in one-dimensional systems is from a qualitatively different mechanism as discussed in Ref. [4]. If the cuprates do show this "one-dimensional" fractionalization due to the presence of stripelike structures, there will be no spontaneous flux at the end of the experiment.
15. Theoretically, a variety of fractionalized phases with distinct topological orderings is possible (just like in the quantum Hall effect). In this paper, we have focused on the particular kind of fractionalization that is most relevant to the cuprates. For other materials, other distinct kinds of topological ordering leading to a different fractionalization pattern are possible.