-
2
-
-
84928514455
-
-
For example see Novoe vremya, 1996, 35, pp. 16-17; and J. Barth Urban & V. Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads (Boulder, Westview, 1997), pp. 179-194.
-
(1996)
Novoe Vremya
, vol.35
, pp. 16-17
-
-
-
3
-
-
0003887944
-
-
Boulder, Westview
-
For example see Novoe vremya, 1996, 35, pp. 16-17; and J. Barth Urban & V. Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads (Boulder, Westview, 1997), pp. 179-194.
-
(1997)
Russia's Communists at the Crossroads
, pp. 179-194
-
-
Urban, J.B.1
Solovei, V.2
-
4
-
-
0032994322
-
Patriotic left-centrism: The zigzags of the communist party of the Russian federation
-
March
-
G. Flikke, 'Patriotic Left-Centrism: The Zigzags of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation', Europe-Asia Studies, 51, 2, March 1999, p. 275. For just some other views of the CPRF as predominately nationalist see C. Williams & S. Hanson, 'National-Socialism, Left Patriotism, or Superimperialism? The "Radical Right" in Russia', in S. P. Ramet (ed.), The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989 (Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999), pp. 257-278 at p. 276, and J. Devlin, Slavophiles and Commissars (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1999), pp. 179-180.
-
(1999)
Europe-asia Studies
, vol.51
, Issue.2
, pp. 275
-
-
Flikke, G.1
-
5
-
-
0032994322
-
National-socialism, left patriotism, or superimperialism? the "radical right" in Russia
-
S. P. Ramet (ed.), Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania State University Press
-
G. Flikke, 'Patriotic Left-Centrism: The Zigzags of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation', Europe-Asia Studies, 51, 2, March 1999, p. 275. For just some other views of the CPRF as predominately nationalist see C. Williams & S. Hanson, 'National-Socialism, Left Patriotism, or Superimperialism? The "Radical Right" in Russia', in S. P. Ramet (ed.), The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989 (Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999), pp. 257-278 at p. 276, and J. Devlin, Slavophiles and Commissars (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1999), pp. 179-180.
-
(1999)
The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989
, pp. 257-278
-
-
Williams, C.1
Hanson, S.2
-
6
-
-
0032994322
-
-
Basingstoke, Macmillan
-
G. Flikke, 'Patriotic Left-Centrism: The Zigzags of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation', Europe-Asia Studies, 51, 2, March 1999, p. 275. For just some other views of the CPRF as predominately nationalist see C. Williams & S. Hanson, 'National-Socialism, Left Patriotism, or Superimperialism? The "Radical Right" in Russia', in S. P. Ramet (ed.), The Radical Right in Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989 (Pennsylvania, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999), pp. 257-278 at p. 276, and J. Devlin, Slavophiles and Commissars (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1999), pp. 179-180.
-
(1999)
Slavophiles and Commissars
, pp. 179-180
-
-
Devlin, J.1
-
7
-
-
0344415660
-
-
See Novoe vremya, 1996, 22, p. 10; J. T. Ishiyama, 'Red Phoenix? The Communist Party in Post-Soviet Russian Politics', Party Politics, 2, 2, April 1996, pp. 147-175.
-
(1996)
Novoe Vremya
, vol.22
, pp. 10
-
-
-
8
-
-
0344415660
-
Red phoenix? the communist party in post-soviet Russian politics
-
April
-
See Novoe vremya, 1996, 22, p. 10; J. T. Ishiyama, 'Red Phoenix? The Communist Party in Post-Soviet Russian Politics', Party Politics, 2, 2, April 1996, pp. 147-175.
-
(1996)
Party Politics
, vol.2
, Issue.2
, pp. 147-175
-
-
Ishiyama, J.T.1
-
9
-
-
0031822892
-
-
See Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, pp. 55-59; R. Sakwa, 'Left or Right? The CPRF and the Problem of Democratic Consolidation in Russia', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 14, 1 and 2, March and June 1998, pp. 128-158 at p. 139; author's interview with Boris Slavin (Pravda 5 correspondent and ex-CPRF Central Committee member), 29 November 1997.
-
Russia's Communists at the Crossroads
, pp. 55-59
-
-
Urban1
Solovei2
-
10
-
-
0031822892
-
Left or right? The CPRF and the problem of democratic consolidation in Russia
-
14, 1 and 2, March and June
-
See Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, pp. 55-59; R. Sakwa, 'Left or Right? The CPRF and the Problem of Democratic Consolidation in Russia', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 14, 1 and 2, March and June 1998, pp. 128-158 at p. 139; author's interview with Boris Slavin (Pravda 5 correspondent and ex-CPRF Central Committee member), 29 November 1997.
-
(1998)
The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
, pp. 128-158
-
-
Sakwa, R.1
-
11
-
-
0031822892
-
-
correspondent and ex-CPRF Central Committee member, 29 November
-
See Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, pp. 55-59; R. Sakwa, 'Left or Right? The CPRF and the Problem of Democratic Consolidation in Russia', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 14, 1 and 2, March and June 1998, pp. 128-158 at p. 139; author's interview with Boris Slavin (Pravda 5 correspondent and ex-CPRF Central Committee member), 29 November 1997.
-
(1997)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
Slavin, B.1
-
12
-
-
85015123314
-
-
note
-
Author's interview with Nikolai Bindyukov (CPRF Central Committee secretary for connections with foreign parties and movements), 18 December 1997.
-
-
-
-
15
-
-
33847591503
-
-
4-11 November
-
G. Zyuganov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 30 July 1992; V. Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 4-11 November 1997.
-
(1997)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
Kuptsov, V.1
-
16
-
-
85015123885
-
-
note
-
In Valerii Solovei's apt phrase; conversation with the author, 18 September 2000.
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
85015117426
-
-
13-17 February
-
Pravda, 13-17 February 1998.
-
(1998)
Pravda
-
-
-
20
-
-
33847574463
-
What about the voters?
-
M. McFaul, N. Petrov et al., Washington, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
-
See L. Byzov, 'What about the voters?', in M. McFaul, N. Petrov et al., Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections (Washington, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1999), pp. 11-24 at p. 20.
-
(1999)
Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections
, pp. 11-24
-
-
Byzov, L.1
-
22
-
-
85015113327
-
-
note
-
Author's interviews with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997, and with CPRF CC secretary for ideological work Aleksandr Kravets, 20 November 1997. The output of the party-affiliated society Russian Scholars of Socialist Orientation and its theoretical journal Dialog is still strongly Marxist-Leninist.
-
-
-
-
25
-
-
85015128022
-
-
note
-
Author's interview with deputy head of CPRF CC department for international affairs Andrei Filippov, 6 December 1997.
-
-
-
-
27
-
-
0343999544
-
Kommunisticheskoe dvizhenie v postkommunisticheskom obshchestve
-
J. Barth Urban & V. Solovei, 'Kommunisticheskoe dvizhenie v postkommunisticheskom obshchestve', Svobodnaya mysl', 1997, 3, pp. 14-28 at p. 28.
-
(1997)
Svobodnaya Mysl
, vol.3
, pp. 14-28
-
-
Urban, J.B.1
Solovei, V.2
-
29
-
-
0004197753
-
-
Basingstoke, Macmillan
-
N. Harding, Leninism (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1996), pp. 13, 53.
-
(1996)
Leninism
, pp. 13
-
-
Harding, N.1
-
30
-
-
84976033976
-
Marxism-leninism as discourse: The politics of the empty signifier and the double bind
-
April
-
Rachel Walker sees Soviet ideology as an 'empty signifier', redefined by the party continuously as circumstances required. See R. Walker, 'Marxism-Leninism as Discourse: The Politics of the Empty Signifier and the Double Bind', The British Journal of Political Science, 19, April 1989, pp. 161-189 at p. 176.
-
(1989)
The British Journal of Political Science
, vol.19
, pp. 161-189
-
-
Walker, R.1
-
32
-
-
84963385865
-
Communism in western Europe in the 1980s
-
September
-
M. Lazar, 'Communism in Western Europe in the 1980s', The Journal of Communist Studies, 4, 3, September 1988, pp. 243-257; M. J. Bull, 'The West European Communist Movement: Past, Present and Future', in M.J. Bull & P. Heywood (eds), West European Communist Parties after the Revolutions of 1989 (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1994), pp. 203-222.
-
(1988)
The Journal of Communist Studies
, vol.4
, Issue.3
, pp. 243-257
-
-
Lazar, M.1
-
33
-
-
84963385865
-
The west European communist movement: Past, present and future
-
M.J. Bull & P. Heywood (eds), Basingstoke, Macmillan
-
M. Lazar, 'Communism in Western Europe in the 1980s', The Journal of Communist Studies, 4, 3, September 1988, pp. 243-257; M. J. Bull, 'The West European Communist Movement: Past, Present and Future', in M.J. Bull & P. Heywood (eds), West European Communist Parties after the Revolutions of 1989 (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1994), pp. 203-222.
-
(1994)
West European Communist Parties after the Revolutions of 1989
, pp. 203-222
-
-
Bull, M.J.1
-
34
-
-
85015119864
-
-
29 October
-
See T. Astrakhankina, Pravda 5, 29 October 1997 and Glasnost', 1997, 10.
-
(1997)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
Astrakhankina, T.1
-
35
-
-
85015125789
-
-
See T. Astrakhankina, Pravda 5, 29 October 1997 and Glasnost', 1997, 10.
-
(1997)
Glasnost
, pp. 10
-
-
-
38
-
-
84929225165
-
-
M. Duverger, Political Parties: their Organization and Activity in the Modern State (London, Methuen, 1964), p. 201; McInnes, The Communist Parties of Western Europe, p. 161.
-
The Communist Parties of Western Europe
, pp. 161
-
-
McInnes1
-
45
-
-
85082077124
-
Social democracy and democratic socialism
-
R. Eatwell & A. Wright, London, Pinter
-
A. Wright, 'Social Democracy and Democratic Socialism', in R. Eatwell & A. Wright, Contemporary Political Ideologies (London, Pinter, 1993), pp. 78-100 at p. 89; E. Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism (New York, Schocken, 1967), pp. 202-206.
-
(1993)
Contemporary Political Ideologies
, pp. 78-100
-
-
Wright, A.1
-
46
-
-
85082077124
-
-
New York, Schocken
-
A. Wright, 'Social Democracy and Democratic Socialism', in R. Eatwell & A. Wright, Contemporary Political Ideologies (London, Pinter, 1993), pp. 78-100 at p. 89; E. Bernstein, Evolutionary Socialism (New York, Schocken, 1967), pp. 202-206.
-
(1967)
Evolutionary Socialism
, pp. 202-206
-
-
Bernstein, E.1
-
47
-
-
84933483867
-
Whatever happened to Italian communism?
-
October
-
M. J. Bull, 'Whatever Happened to Italian Communism?', West European Politics, 14, 4, October 1991, pp. 96-120 at pp. 103-104; C. Shore, Italian Communism.
-
(1991)
West European Politics
, vol.14
, Issue.4
, pp. 96-120
-
-
Bull, M.J.1
-
48
-
-
84933483867
-
-
M. J. Bull, 'Whatever Happened to Italian Communism?', West European Politics, 14, 4, October 1991, pp. 96-120 at pp. 103-104; C. Shore, Italian Communism.
-
Italian Communism
-
-
Shore, C.1
-
49
-
-
85015109940
-
-
note
-
Author's interview with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997.
-
-
-
-
50
-
-
0030432093
-
Developments in Russian voting behaviour: 1993 and 1995 compared
-
September
-
M. Wyman, 'Developments in Russian Voting Behaviour: 1993 and 1995 Compared', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 12, 3, September 1996, pp. 277-292 at p. 287.
-
(1996)
The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
, vol.12
, Issue.3
, pp. 277-292
-
-
Wyman, M.1
-
51
-
-
0003688281
-
-
Chatham NJ, Chatham House
-
S. White, R. Rose & I. McAllister, How Russia Votes (Chatham NJ, Chatham House, 1997), pp. 230-233.
-
(1997)
How Russia Votes
, pp. 230-233
-
-
White, S.1
Rose, R.2
McAllister, I.3
-
53
-
-
0000621106
-
Russia's forced-choice presidential election
-
October-December
-
R. Rose & E. Tikhomirov, 'Russia's Forced-Choice Presidential Election', Post-Soviet Affairs, 12, 4, October-December 1996, pp. 351-379 at p. 353.
-
(1996)
Post-soviet Affairs
, vol.12
, Issue.4
, pp. 351-379
-
-
Rose, R.1
Tikhomirov, E.2
-
54
-
-
0031397996
-
Russian electoral politics after transition: Regional and national assessments
-
November
-
M. McFaul & N. Petrov, 'Russian Electoral Politics After Transition: Regional and National Assessments', Post-Soviet Geography and Economics, 38, 9, November 1997, pp. 507-549.
-
(1997)
Post-soviet Geography and Economics
, vol.38
, Issue.9
, pp. 507-549
-
-
McFaul, M.1
Petrov, N.2
-
55
-
-
0004057162
-
-
Duverger, Political Parties, p. 175; McInnes, The Communist Parties of Western Europe, p. 34.
-
Political Parties
, pp. 175
-
-
Duverger1
-
58
-
-
85015109061
-
-
note
-
Author's interview with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997.
-
-
-
-
59
-
-
0001306019
-
Russia's 1996 presidential elections
-
M. McFaul, 'Russia's 1996 Presidential Elections', Post-Soviet Affairs, 12, 4, 1996, pp. 318-350.
-
(1996)
Post-soviet Affairs
, vol.12
, Issue.4
, pp. 318-350
-
-
McFaul, M.1
-
60
-
-
0005473995
-
Elections and voting behaviour
-
S. White, A. Pravda & Z. Gitelman (eds), Basingstoke, Macmillan
-
M. Wyman, 'Elections and Voting Behaviour', in S. White, A. Pravda & Z. Gitelman (eds), Developments in Russian Politics 4 (Basingstoke, Macmillan, 1997), pp. 104-128 at p. 120.
-
(1997)
Developments in Russian Politics
, vol.4
, pp. 104-128
-
-
Wyman, M.1
-
61
-
-
33847597123
-
-
Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii
-
A. Makarkin, Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii, 1996), p. 1; S. Chernyakovsky, The Communist Party of the Russian Federation', in McFaul, Petrov et al., Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections, pp. 77-84 at p. 84.
-
(1996)
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii
, pp. 1
-
-
Makarkin, A.1
-
62
-
-
0005473996
-
The communist party of the Russian federation
-
McFaul, Petrov et al
-
A. Makarkin, Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii, 1996), p. 1; S. Chernyakovsky, The Communist Party of the Russian Federation', in McFaul, Petrov et al., Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections, pp. 77-84 at p. 84.
-
Primer on Russia's 1999 Duma Elections
, pp. 77-84
-
-
Chernyakovsky, S.1
-
63
-
-
85015123951
-
-
There are many other such examples, including CPRF Duma deputies Yurii Severnard, Viktor Vid'manov, president of the Rosagrompromstroi corporation, and Valerii Vorotnikov, a former KGB general, who had ties to important Russian banking circles such as MOST Bank, and was 10th on the CPRF party list in 1995. See Zavtra, 1997, 50, p. 1; www.nns.ru/elects/izbobyed/finansy.html; and Makarkin, Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii, p. 3.
-
(1997)
Zavtra
, vol.50
, pp. 1
-
-
-
64
-
-
33847597123
-
-
There are many other such examples, including CPRF Duma deputies Yurii Severnard, Viktor Vid'manov, president of the Rosagrompromstroi corporation, and Valerii Vorotnikov, a former KGB general, who had ties to important Russian banking circles such as MOST Bank, and was 10th on the CPRF party list in 1995. See Zavtra, 1997, 50, p. 1; www.nns.ru/elects/izbobyed/finansy.html; and Makarkin, Kommunisticheskaya partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii, p. 3.
-
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii
, pp. 3
-
-
Makarkin1
-
65
-
-
0001215001
-
Economics and voting in Russia
-
October-December
-
T. J. Colton, 'Economics and Voting in Russia', Post-Soviet Affairs, 12, 4, October-December 1996, pp. 289-314 at pp. 300-306; Wyman, 'Developments in Russian Voting Behaviour: 1993 and 1995 Compared', pp. 281-282.
-
(1996)
Post-soviet Affairs
, vol.12
, Issue.4
, pp. 289-314
-
-
Colton, T.J.1
-
67
-
-
0344596364
-
-
26 July
-
Segodnya, 26 July 1996; S. Whitefield & G. Evans, 'Support for Democracy and Political Opposition in Russia, 1993-1995', Post-Soviet Affairs, 12, 3, July-September 1996, pp. 218-242 at p. 228.
-
(1996)
Segodnya
-
-
-
68
-
-
0344596364
-
Support for democracy and political opposition in Russia, 1993-1995
-
July-September
-
Segodnya, 26 July 1996; S. Whitefield & G. Evans, 'Support for Democracy and Political Opposition in Russia, 1993-1995', Post-Soviet Affairs, 12, 3, July-September 1996, pp. 218-242 at p. 228.
-
(1996)
Post-soviet Affairs
, vol.12
, Issue.3
, pp. 218-242
-
-
Whitefield, S.1
Evans, G.2
-
69
-
-
0003887944
-
-
Party membership was 600 000 in 1996 (Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, p. 59). The author was quoted 550-560 000 in 1998 (author's interview with A. Filippov, 31 January 1998). The 1999 figure is 530 000 (Chernyakovsky, 'The Communist Party of the Russian Federation', p. 79).
-
(1998)
Russia's Communists at the Crossroads
, pp. 59
-
-
Urban1
Solovei2
-
70
-
-
84928514805
-
-
Party membership was 600 000 in 1996 (Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, p. 59). The author was quoted 550-560 000 in 1998 (author's interview with A. Filippov, 31 January 1998). The 1999 figure is 530 000 (Chernyakovsky, 'The Communist Party of the Russian Federation', p. 79).
-
The Communist Party of the Russian Federation
, pp. 79
-
-
Chernyakovsky1
-
71
-
-
0343562756
-
-
2 February
-
As party First Deputy Chairman Kuptsov admitted: 'we are aiming for a [vanguard party] but it is impossible in current conditions' (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 2 February 1995).
-
(1995)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
72
-
-
84928518248
-
Russia's left wing: Party organization and party temperature
-
Z. Trofimova, 'Russia's Left Wing: Party Organization and Party Temperature', Russia, 1997, 7. For information on low membership recruitment see Zyuganov at the 8th CC CPRF plenum on 20 June 1998 (accessed from www.kprf.ru).
-
(1997)
Russia
, pp. 7
-
-
Trofimova, Z.1
-
73
-
-
84928518312
-
-
accessed from
-
Z. Trofimova, 'Russia's Left Wing: Party Organization and Party Temperature', Russia, 1997, 7. For information on low membership recruitment see Zyuganov at the 8th CC CPRF plenum on 20 June 1998 (accessed from www.kprf.ru).
-
8th CC CPRF Plenum on 20 June 1998
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
74
-
-
0010802262
-
-
17 January and 20 November
-
Zyuganov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 January 1996 and 20 November 1997: 'the CPRF in the Duma simply cannot be more radical than the moods of the people and people simply are not going onto the streets in sufficient numbers'.
-
(1996)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
76
-
-
0004280832
-
-
21 April
-
See the comments of Andrei Isaev, head of FNPR's parliamentary wing, the Union of Labour, in Nezavisimaya gazeta, 21 April 2000, at www.ng.ru. Zyuganov has often talked about party organisations being unable to work with other social strata and concerned only with internal matters (e.g. Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 February 1994).
-
(2000)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
Isaev, A.1
-
77
-
-
33847596691
-
-
17 February
-
See the comments of Andrei Isaev, head of FNPR's parliamentary wing, the Union of Labour, in Nezavisimaya gazeta, 21 April 2000, at www.ng.ru. Zyuganov has often talked about party organisations being unable to work with other social strata and concerned only with internal matters (e.g. Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 February 1994).
-
(1994)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
78
-
-
85015121322
-
-
18-25 April and 6-13 March
-
Pravda 5, 18-25 April 1997 and 6-13 March 1998; Johnson's Russia List, 4113, 16 February 2000. The Komsomol split from the party because it thought the CPRF was too willing to compromise with the authorities and claimed that the CPRF was trying to curb its independence.
-
(1997)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
-
79
-
-
85015122227
-
-
16 February
-
Pravda 5, 18-25 April 1997 and 6-13 March 1998; Johnson's Russia List, 4113, 16 February 2000. The Komsomol split from the party because it thought the CPRF was too willing to compromise with the authorities and claimed that the CPRF was trying to curb its independence.
-
(2000)
Johnson's Russia List
, vol.4113
-
-
-
81
-
-
85015110925
-
-
25 October
-
See S. Baburin, Pravda 5, 25 October 1997.
-
(1997)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
Baburin, S.1
-
82
-
-
85015110734
-
-
note
-
See most of the sources cited in note 2.
-
-
-
-
83
-
-
33847575009
-
-
13-17 February
-
V. Kuptsov, Pravda, 13-17 February 1998; author's interviews with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997, and Kravets, 20 November 1997.
-
(1998)
Pravda
-
-
Kuptsov, V.1
-
84
-
-
33847602431
-
-
Moscow, Znanie
-
Author's interview with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997. For the statist-patriotic communists' views on the strategy see Yurii Belov, Ne tuzhi, Rossiya (Moscow, Znanie, 1997), pp. 64, 92; G. Zyuganov, Rossiya - rodina may a: ideologiya gosudarstvennogo patriotizma (Moscow, Informpechat', 1996), p. 52.
-
(1997)
Ne Tuzhi, Rossiya
, pp. 64
-
-
Belov, Y.1
-
85
-
-
0004105878
-
-
Moscow, Informpechat'
-
Author's interview with Bindyukov, 18 December 1997. For the statist-patriotic communists' views on the strategy see Yurii Belov, Ne tuzhi, Rossiya (Moscow, Znanie, 1997), pp. 64, 92; G. Zyuganov, Rossiya - rodina may a: ideologiya gosudarstvennogo patriotizma (Moscow, Informpechat', 1996), p. 52.
-
(1996)
Rossiya - Rodina May a: Ideologiya Gosudarstvennogo Patriotizma
, pp. 52
-
-
Zyuganov, G.1
-
86
-
-
0343562750
-
O klassovom podkhode i gosudarstvennom patriotizme
-
Marxist-Leninist moderniser R. Gabidullin asserted that state-patriotism was supported by only three or four party leaders (R. Gabidullin, 'O klassovom podkhode i gosudarstvennom patriotizme', Dialog, 1997, 10, p. 10). Even in the party's broader electorate a majority (54%) actually support 'communism', only 12% support 'Russian nationalism' and 9% 'centrism' (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 October 1997).
-
(1997)
Dialog
, vol.10
, pp. 10
-
-
Gabidullin, R.1
-
87
-
-
0005503320
-
-
17 October
-
Marxist-Leninist moderniser R. Gabidullin asserted that state-patriotism was supported by only three or four party leaders (R. Gabidullin, 'O klassovom podkhode i gosudarstvennom patriotizme', Dialog, 1997, 10, p. 10). Even in the party's broader electorate a majority (54%) actually support 'communism', only 12% support 'Russian nationalism' and 9% 'centrism' (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 October 1997).
-
(1997)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
89
-
-
33847578618
-
-
Boulder, Westview
-
National bolshevism in the USSR was a state-sponsored 'official nationalism' which legitimised the institutions of the Soviet state from a national-imperialist point of view and grounded them in an emotional and patriotic sentiment absent from Marxist-Leninist discourse. See M. Agursky, The Third Rome: National Bolshevism in the USSR (Boulder, Westview, 1987), p. 248.
-
(1987)
The Third Rome: National Bolshevism in the USSR
, pp. 248
-
-
Agursky, M.1
-
91
-
-
33847596691
-
-
17 March
-
Zyuganov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 March 1994; Yurii Belov, Russkaya sud'ba (Moscow, Soratnik, 1995), p. 38; also Pravda, 15 March 1994, p. 2.
-
(1994)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
92
-
-
33847592026
-
-
Moscow, Soratnik
-
Zyuganov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 March 1994; Yurii Belov, Russkaya sud'ba (Moscow, Soratnik, 1995), p. 38; also Pravda, 15 March 1994, p. 2.
-
(1995)
Russkaya Sud'ba
, pp. 38
-
-
Belov, Y.1
-
93
-
-
85015127779
-
-
15 March
-
Zyuganov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 17 March 1994; Yurii Belov, Russkaya sud'ba (Moscow, Soratnik, 1995), p. 38; also Pravda, 15 March 1994, p. 2.
-
(1994)
Pravda
, pp. 2
-
-
-
94
-
-
33847599045
-
-
18 August
-
R. Kosolapov, Pravda, 18 August 1993; P.Lopata, 'Na puti ideinogo obnovleniya', Dialog, 1997, 2, p. 20; Pravda, 21 September 1993.
-
(1993)
Pravda
-
-
Kosolapov, R.1
-
95
-
-
84928515501
-
Na puti ideinogo obnovleniya
-
R. Kosolapov, Pravda, 18 August 1993; P.Lopata, 'Na puti ideinogo obnovleniya', Dialog, 1997, 2, p. 20; Pravda, 21 September 1993.
-
(1997)
Dialog
, vol.2
, pp. 20
-
-
Lopata, P.1
-
96
-
-
85015127658
-
-
21 September
-
R. Kosolapov, Pravda, 18 August 1993; P.Lopata, 'Na puti ideinogo obnovleniya', Dialog, 1997, 2, p. 20; Pravda, 21 September 1993.
-
(1993)
Pravda
-
-
-
97
-
-
0003887944
-
-
Urban & Solovei's account of party ideological changes in 1993-95 is in the main convincing, although it focuses too much on internecine doctrinal disputes and ignores the moderate-radical split (see Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, pp. 121-145).
-
Russia's Communists at the Crossroads
, pp. 121-145
-
-
-
100
-
-
0010802262
-
-
19 March
-
For Zyuganov's election platform see Sovetskaya Rossiya, 19 March 1996. For the NPSR programme see Sovetskaya Rossiya, 10 August 1996.
-
(1996)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
101
-
-
0010802262
-
-
10 August
-
For Zyuganov's election platform see Sovetskaya Rossiya, 19 March 1996. For the NPSR programme see Sovetskaya Rossiya, 10 August 1996.
-
(1996)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
102
-
-
0004105878
-
-
Zyuganov, Rossiya - rodina moya, pp. 14, 15, 72, 355. See also Zyuganov and Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 15 August 1996, Pravda Rossii, 19 December 1996.
-
Rossiya - Rodina Moya
, pp. 14
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
103
-
-
33847595137
-
-
15 August
-
Zyuganov, Rossiya - rodina moya, pp. 14, 15, 72, 355. See also Zyuganov and Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 15 August 1996, Pravda Rossii, 19 December 1996.
-
(1996)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
Zyuganov1
Kuptsov2
-
104
-
-
0342692586
-
-
19 December
-
Zyuganov, Rossiya - rodina moya, pp. 14, 15, 72, 355. See also Zyuganov and Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 15 August 1996, Pravda Rossii, 19 December 1996.
-
(1996)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
-
106
-
-
84928519016
-
-
IV s''ezd Kommunisticheskoi partii Rossiiskoi Federatsii, pp. 74, 83. The radical communist paper Glasnost called it a 'long-awaited step to the left' (Glasnost', 1997, 9, p. 3).
-
(1997)
Glasnost
, vol.9
, pp. 3
-
-
-
107
-
-
85015119879
-
-
Izm, 1995, 1 (6), p. 20. Such views are expressed by many. For just some examples see B. Slavin, Posle sotsializma … (Moscow, Flinta, 1996), p. 369; V. Trushkov, 'Russkaya ideya v rossiiskom politicheskom prostranstve', Dialog, 1997, 5, pp. 12-15.
-
(1995)
Izm
, vol.1
, Issue.6
, pp. 20
-
-
-
108
-
-
0342693083
-
-
Moscow, Flinta
-
Izm, 1995, 1 (6), p. 20. Such views are expressed by many. For just some examples see B. Slavin, Posle sotsializma … (Moscow, Flinta, 1996), p. 369; V. Trushkov, 'Russkaya ideya v rossiiskom politicheskom prostranstve', Dialog, 1997, 5, pp. 12-15.
-
(1996)
Posle Sotsializma
, pp. 369
-
-
Slavin, B.1
-
109
-
-
84928516421
-
Russkaya ideya v rossiiskom politicheskom prostranstve
-
Izm, 1995, 1 (6), p. 20. Such views are expressed by many. For just some examples see B. Slavin, Posle sotsializma … (Moscow, Flinta, 1996), p. 369; V. Trushkov, 'Russkaya ideya v rossiiskom politicheskom prostranstve', Dialog, 1997, 5, pp. 12-15.
-
(1997)
Dialog
, vol.5
, pp. 12-15
-
-
Trushkov, V.1
-
110
-
-
0342692585
-
-
8 June
-
For the CPU(r) see RFE/RL Poland, Belarus and Ukraine Report, 1, 3, 8 June 2000. For analysis of the Ukrainian and Czech Communist Parties respectively see J. Barth Urban, 'The Communist Parties of Russia and Ukraine on the Eve of the 1999 Elections: Similarities, Contrasts, and Interactions', Demokratizatsiya, 7, 1, Winter 1999, pp. 111-134; and S. Hanley, 'From "Subcultural Party" to Neo-Communist Force? The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia 1990-2000', Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics (forthcoming).
-
(2000)
RFE/RL Poland, Belarus and Ukraine Report
, vol.1
, pp. 3
-
-
-
111
-
-
0000126618
-
The communist parties of Russia and Ukraine on the eve of the 1999 elections: Similarities, contrasts, and interactions
-
Winter
-
For the CPU(r) see RFE/RL Poland, Belarus and Ukraine Report, 1, 3, 8 June 2000. For analysis of the Ukrainian and Czech Communist Parties respectively see J. Barth Urban, 'The Communist Parties of Russia and Ukraine on the Eve of the 1999 Elections: Similarities, Contrasts, and Interactions', Demokratizatsiya, 7, 1, Winter 1999, pp. 111-134; and S. Hanley, 'From "Subcultural Party" to Neo-Communist Force? The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia 1990-2000', Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics (forthcoming).
-
(1999)
Demokratizatsiya
, vol.7
, Issue.1
, pp. 111-134
-
-
Urban, J.B.1
-
112
-
-
84928515674
-
From "subcultural party" to neo-communist force? the communist party of Bohemia and Moravia 1990-2000
-
forthcoming
-
For the CPU(r) see RFE/RL Poland, Belarus and Ukraine Report, 1, 3, 8 June 2000. For analysis of the Ukrainian and Czech Communist Parties respectively see J. Barth Urban, 'The Communist Parties of Russia and Ukraine on the Eve of the 1999 Elections: Similarities, Contrasts, and Interactions', Demokratizatsiya, 7, 1, Winter 1999, pp. 111-134; and S. Hanley, 'From "Subcultural Party" to Neo-Communist Force? The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia 1990-2000', Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics (forthcoming).
-
Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
-
-
Hanley, S.1
-
113
-
-
0003109848
-
The development of political parties in Russia
-
K. Dawisha & B. Parrott (eds), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
-
M. Urban & V. Gel'man, 'The Development of Political Parties in Russia', in K. Dawisha & B. Parrott (eds), Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 175-222 at p. 199.
-
(1997)
Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova
, pp. 175-222
-
-
Urban, M.1
Gel'man, V.2
-
114
-
-
0001674616
-
Democratization and the new political order in Russia
-
Dawisha & Parrott (eds)
-
T. F. Remington, 'Democratization and the New Political Order in Russia', in Dawisha & Parrott (eds), Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia, pp. 69-129 at pp. 85-87.
-
Democratic Changes and Authoritarian Reactions in Russia
, pp. 69-129
-
-
Remington, T.F.1
-
115
-
-
33847593405
-
-
Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii
-
KPRF mezhdu umerennost'yu i radikalizmom (Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii, 1997), p. 4. For Lenin's approach to compromise see V. Lenin, 'On Compromises', Selected Works, Vol. 2 (Moscow, Progress, 1970), pp. 226-230.
-
(1997)
KPRF Mezhdu Umerennost'yu I Radikalizmom
, pp. 4
-
-
-
116
-
-
33847598705
-
On compromises
-
Moscow, Progress
-
KPRF mezhdu umerennost'yu i radikalizmom (Moscow, Tsentr politicheskikh tekhnologii, 1997), p. 4. For Lenin's approach to compromise see V. Lenin, 'On Compromises', Selected Works, Vol. 2 (Moscow, Progress, 1970), pp. 226-230.
-
(1970)
Selected Works
, vol.2
, pp. 226-230
-
-
Lenin, V.1
-
118
-
-
84928515858
-
-
A. Kuvaev, Zavtra, 1997, 43; A. Makashov, Pravda Moskvy, 78, November 1997.
-
Zavtra
, vol.1997
, pp. 43
-
-
Kuvaev, A.1
-
119
-
-
85015116264
-
-
November
-
A. Kuvaev, Zavtra, 1997, 43; A. Makashov, Pravda Moskvy, 78, November 1997.
-
(1997)
Pravda Moskvy
, vol.78
-
-
Makashov, A.1
-
124
-
-
0002078232
-
-
Moscow, Interbuk
-
For example, Aleksandr Korzhakov told the CPRF that the regime would not give up power even if they won freely and fairly, and tried to cajole them into initiating an appeal to cancel the elections. See A. Korzhakov, Boris El'tsin: ot rassveta do zakata (Moscow, Interbuk, 1997), pp. 368-369, 375.
-
(1997)
Boris El'tsin: Ot Rassveta Do Zakata
, pp. 368-369
-
-
Korzhakov, A.1
-
126
-
-
0345600259
-
-
31 January
-
See Izvestiya, 31 January 1997. Especially during the first few months of 1997, the CPRF floated the idea of a vice-presidency, with rumours that Zyuganov would be suggested as vice-president. The CPRF also renewed its attempts to remove El'tsin on the grounds of ill health with attempts to renew the constitution through a constitutional assembly.
-
(1997)
Izvestiya
-
-
-
127
-
-
85015120960
-
-
11 February
-
See Podberezkin, Pravda 5, 11 February 1997; Zyuganov, Pravda, 6 July 1996.
-
(1997)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
Podberezkin1
-
128
-
-
33847593224
-
-
6 July
-
See Podberezkin, Pravda 5, 11 February 1997; Zyuganov, Pravda, 6 July 1996.
-
(1996)
Pravda
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
129
-
-
0342692586
-
-
19 December
-
See Pravda Rossii, 19 December 1996; Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 11 March 1997.
-
(1996)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
-
130
-
-
33847591503
-
-
11 March
-
See Pravda Rossii, 19 December 1996; Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 11 March 1997.
-
(1997)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
Kuptsov1
-
131
-
-
0031854451
-
-
2 October
-
See OMRI Russian Regional Report, Part II, 6, 2 October 1996; and S. Solnick, 'Gubernatorial Elections in Russia 1996-7', Post-Soviet Affairs, 14, 1, January-March 1998, pp. 48-80.
-
(1996)
OMRI Russian Regional Report
, vol.6
-
-
-
132
-
-
0031854451
-
Gubernatorial elections in russia 1996-7
-
January-March
-
See OMRI Russian Regional Report, Part II, 6, 2 October 1996; and S. Solnick, 'Gubernatorial Elections in Russia 1996-7', Post-Soviet Affairs, 14, 1, January-March 1998, pp. 48-80.
-
(1998)
Post-soviet Affairs
, vol.14
, Issue.1
, pp. 48-80
-
-
Solnick, S.1
-
133
-
-
85015121720
-
-
30 October
-
Vladimir Rimskii, OMRI Russian Regional Report, Part I, 10, 30 October 1996; McFaul & Petrov, 'Russian Electoral Politics After Transition', pp. 514, 533.
-
(1996)
OMRI Russian Regional Report
, vol.10
-
-
Rimskii, V.1
-
135
-
-
0039472739
-
-
1 November
-
Kommersant', 1 November 1996; McFaul & Petrov, 'Russian Electoral Politics After Transition', pp. 523-526.
-
(1996)
Kommersant
-
-
-
137
-
-
84967503905
-
-
30 August
-
C. Freeland, Financial Times, 30 August 1996, p. 2; Moscow News, 21-27 May 1998.
-
(1996)
Financial Times
, pp. 2
-
-
Freeland, C.1
-
138
-
-
0005514974
-
-
21-27 May
-
C. Freeland, Financial Times, 30 August 1996, p. 2; Moscow News, 21-27 May 1998.
-
(1998)
Moscow News
-
-
-
140
-
-
0031391527
-
-
7 October
-
Those governors who eventually supported the CPRF in the 1999 election were Belogonov (Amur), Kondratenko (Krasnodar), Maksyuta (Volgograd), Ryabov (Tambov), Vinogradov (Vladimir), Chernogorov (Stavropol), Starodubtsev (Tula), Lodkin (Bryansk), Shabanov (Voronezh) and Surikov (Altai). Of these only the last five might be regarded as strongly ideologically conscious. See EWI Russian Regional Report, 4, 37, 7 October 1999; V. Tolz & I. Busygina, 'Regional Governors and the Kremlin: the Ongoing Battle for Power', Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30, 4, 1997, pp. 401-426 at p. 412.
-
(1999)
EWI Russian Regional Report
, vol.4
, Issue.37
-
-
-
141
-
-
0031391527
-
Regional governors and the Kremlin: The ongoing battle for power
-
Those governors who eventually supported the CPRF in the 1999 election were Belogonov (Amur), Kondratenko (Krasnodar), Maksyuta (Volgograd), Ryabov (Tambov), Vinogradov (Vladimir), Chernogorov (Stavropol), Starodubtsev (Tula), Lodkin (Bryansk), Shabanov (Voronezh) and Surikov (Altai). Of these only the last five might be regarded as strongly ideologically conscious. See EWI Russian Regional Report, 4, 37, 7 October 1999; V. Tolz & I. Busygina, 'Regional Governors and the Kremlin: the Ongoing Battle for Power', Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 30, 4, 1997, pp. 401-426 at p. 412.
-
(1997)
Communist and Post-communist Studies
, vol.30
, Issue.4
, pp. 401-426
-
-
Tolz, V.1
Busygina, I.2
-
142
-
-
85015111589
-
-
15 April
-
However, only the governors of Bryansk, Ryazan and Stavropol permitted the CPRF local organisation to control key positions in administration (Informatsionnyi byulleten', 7 (48), 15 April 1998, at www.kprf.ru).
-
(1998)
Informatsionnyi Byulleten
, vol.7
, Issue.48
-
-
-
143
-
-
85015119970
-
-
See the speech of Zyuganov at the 20 June 1998 CC plenum (www.kprf.ru/news/buleten.htm).
-
-
-
-
144
-
-
84928513404
-
-
The most vocal oppositionists were Teimuraz Avaliani, Albert Makashov, Richard Kosolapov and Tatyana Astrakhankina. For their complaints see Dialog, 1996, 11, pp. 33-34; Molniya, 1997, 9. For the text of the 'Leninist-Stalinist Platform' see Glasnost', 15 May 1998.
-
(1996)
Dialog
, vol.11
, pp. 33-34
-
-
-
145
-
-
85015114561
-
-
The most vocal oppositionists were Teimuraz Avaliani, Albert Makashov, Richard Kosolapov and Tatyana Astrakhankina. For their complaints see Dialog, 1996, 11, pp. 33-34; Molniya, 1997, 9. For the text of the 'Leninist-Stalinist Platform' see Glasnost', 15 May 1998.
-
(1997)
Molniya
, pp. 9
-
-
-
146
-
-
33847587591
-
Leninist-stalinist platform
-
15 May
-
The most vocal oppositionists were Teimuraz Avaliani, Albert Makashov, Richard Kosolapov and Tatyana Astrakhankina. For their complaints see Dialog, 1996, 11, pp. 33-34; Molniya, 1997, 9. For the text of the 'Leninist-Stalinist Platform' see Glasnost', 15 May 1998.
-
(1998)
Glasnost
-
-
-
147
-
-
85015129302
-
-
At the CPRFIV congress Moscow leader Kuvaev warned of a split if the CPRF did not harden its position towards the regime (from www.nns.ru/chronicle/sdkprf.htrnl).
-
-
-
-
149
-
-
0031826852
-
Classifying Russia's party system: The problem of 'relevance' in a time of uncertainty
-
March and June
-
N. Robinson, 'Classifying Russia's Party System: The Problem of 'Relevance' in a Time of Uncertainty', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 14, 1 and 2, March and June 1998, pp. 159-177 at pp. 168, 170.
-
(1998)
The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
, vol.14
, Issue.1-2
, pp. 159-177
-
-
Robinson, N.1
-
150
-
-
85015118791
-
-
note
-
Author's interviews with Filippov and Bindyukov, 6 and 18 December 1997.
-
-
-
-
151
-
-
0005447525
-
-
30 December
-
Zyuganov claimed that a 'round table' agreement with the executive would deliver a change in the constitution, the forming of a government of people's trust and a change of socioeconomic course, none of which occurred (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 30 December 1997).
-
(1997)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
152
-
-
0005503320
-
-
3 October
-
'Hero of the Day' programme (NTV), 13 February 1998. On Ilyukhin see Nezavisimaya gazeta, 3 October 1997. On an attempt to explain Seleznev's actions to the party see V. Trushkov, Pravda Rossii, 21-28 October 1998.
-
(1997)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
153
-
-
33847606572
-
-
21-28 October
-
'Hero of the Day' programme (NTV), 13 February 1998. On Ilyukhin see Nezavisimaya gazeta, 3 October 1997. On an attempt to explain Seleznev's actions to the party see V. Trushkov, Pravda Rossii, 21-28 October 1998.
-
(1998)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
Trushkov, V.1
-
154
-
-
0345586562
-
-
17-24 August
-
For defections such as those of Vladimir Semago, ex-party whip Oleg Shenkarev and others see Moskovskie novosti, 17-24 August 1997; Moscow News, 19-25 February 1998, p. 2. For the decline in Duma discipline see A. Frolov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 28 April 1998; and Kommersant', 25 April 1998.
-
(1997)
Moskovskie Novosti
-
-
-
155
-
-
0005514974
-
-
19-25 February
-
For defections such as those of Vladimir Semago, ex-party whip Oleg Shenkarev and others see Moskovskie novosti, 17-24 August 1997; Moscow News, 19-25 February 1998, p. 2. For the decline in Duma discipline see A. Frolov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 28 April 1998; and Kommersant', 25 April 1998.
-
(1998)
Moscow News
, pp. 2
-
-
-
156
-
-
33847581471
-
-
28 April
-
For defections such as those of Vladimir Semago, ex-party whip Oleg Shenkarev and others see Moskovskie novosti, 17-24 August 1997; Moscow News, 19-25 February 1998, p. 2. For the decline in Duma discipline see A. Frolov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 28 April 1998; and Kommersant', 25 April 1998.
-
(1998)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
Frolov, A.1
-
157
-
-
0002226263
-
-
25 April
-
For defections such as those of Vladimir Semago, ex-party whip Oleg Shenkarev and others see Moskovskie novosti, 17-24 August 1997; Moscow News, 19-25 February 1998, p. 2. For the decline in Duma discipline see A. Frolov, Sovetskaya Rossiya, 28 April 1998; and Kommersant', 25 April 1998.
-
(1998)
Kommersant
-
-
-
159
-
-
85015122605
-
-
note
-
As First Deputy Prime Minister and Deputy Prime Minister respectively. Gennadii Khodyrev, (a CPRF member) also entered government as minister for anti-monopoly policy and support of industry.
-
-
-
-
161
-
-
85015127178
-
-
For Makashov's derogatory remarks about 'yids' at party rallies in Samara and Moscow see Zavtra, 1998, 42. For these and Ilyukhin's remarks see Kommersant', 12 November 1998; Segodnya, 16 December 1998; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1998.
-
(1998)
Zavtra
, pp. 42
-
-
-
162
-
-
0002226263
-
-
12 November
-
For Makashov's derogatory remarks about 'yids' at party rallies in Samara and Moscow see Zavtra, 1998, 42. For these and Ilyukhin's remarks see Kommersant', 12 November 1998; Segodnya, 16 December 1998; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1998.
-
(1998)
Kommersant
-
-
-
163
-
-
85039863428
-
-
16 December
-
For Makashov's derogatory remarks about 'yids' at party rallies in Samara and Moscow see Zavtra, 1998, 42. For these and Ilyukhin's remarks see Kommersant', 12 November 1998; Segodnya, 16 December 1998; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1998.
-
(1998)
Segodnya
-
-
-
164
-
-
0004280843
-
-
17 December
-
For Makashov's derogatory remarks about 'yids' at party rallies in Samara and Moscow see Zavtra, 1998, 42. For these and Ilyukhin's remarks see Kommersant', 12 November 1998; Segodnya, 16 December 1998; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1998.
-
(1998)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
165
-
-
85015120228
-
-
11 November
-
SWB, SU/3381 B/5, 11 November 1998; SWB, SU/3434 B/6, 16 January 1999.
-
(1998)
SWB, SU/3381
, vol.B
, Issue.5
-
-
-
166
-
-
85015114229
-
-
16 January
-
SWB, SU/3381 B/5, 11 November 1998; SWB, SU/3434 B/6, 16 January 1999.
-
(1999)
SWB, SU/3434
, vol.B
, Issue.6
-
-
-
167
-
-
0031876411
-
Political conflict and institutional design: Paths of party development in Russia'
-
March and June
-
T. F. Remington, 'Political Conflict and Institutional Design: Paths of Party Development in Russia', The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 14, 1 and 2, March and June 1998, pp. 201-223 at p. 211.
-
(1998)
The Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics
, vol.14
, Issue.1-2
, pp. 201-223
-
-
Remington, T.F.1
-
168
-
-
0005419281
-
-
17 May
-
Although the CPRF leadership blamed the defeat on the other fractions, many rank-and-file communists were truly upset by the failure of impeachment (Vremya MN, 17 May 1999).
-
(1999)
Vremya MN
-
-
-
170
-
-
0004280843
-
-
25 June
-
Following the attempt the long-standing dissident Avaliani was finally removed from the Central Committee, and other dissidents were silenced (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 25 June 1998).
-
(1998)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
171
-
-
33847585862
-
CPRF CC presidium member
-
27-28 April
-
For example, in early 1999 18% of party secretaries were changed as result of criticism (Sergei Potapov, CPRF CC Presidium member, Pravda, 27-28 April 1999).
-
(1999)
Pravda
-
-
Potapov, S.1
-
172
-
-
85015120062
-
-
December
-
Moskovskaya Pravda, 66, December 1999; Pravda 5, 23 May 1998.
-
(1999)
Pravda
, vol.66
-
-
Moskovskaya1
-
173
-
-
85015111211
-
-
23 May
-
Moskovskaya Pravda, 66, December 1999; Pravda 5, 23 May 1998.
-
(1998)
Pravda
, vol.5
-
-
-
174
-
-
0004280843
-
-
4 July
-
The Agrarian Party, Derzhava and Spiritual Heritage wanted a loose coalition rather than the disciplined union the CPRF sought. They sought alliances with Luzhkov, the 'Union of Realists' and S. Federov's Party of Workers' Self-Management (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 4 July 1998).
-
(1998)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
175
-
-
0002226263
-
-
6 January
-
See Agrarian leader Lapshin's comments to this effect in Kommersant', 6 January 1998.
-
(1998)
Kommersant
-
-
-
176
-
-
85015126950
-
-
10-15 November
-
Informatsionnyi byulleten', 30, 10-15 November 1998 at www.kprf.ru; SWB/SU/3375 B/5, 4 November 1998; Sovetskaya Rossiya, 8 August 1996.
-
(1998)
Informatsionnyi Byulleten
, vol.30
-
-
-
177
-
-
85015108956
-
-
4 November
-
Informatsionnyi byulleten', 30, 10-15 November 1998 at www.kprf.ru; SWB/SU/3375 B/5, 4 November 1998; Sovetskaya Rossiya, 8 August 1996.
-
(1998)
SWB/SU/3375
, vol.B
, Issue.5
-
-
-
178
-
-
0010802262
-
-
8 August
-
Informatsionnyi byulleten', 30, 10-15 November 1998 at www.kprf.ru; SWB/SU/3375 B/5, 4 November 1998; Sovetskaya Rossiya, 8 August 1996.
-
(1996)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
179
-
-
84928517791
-
-
14 January
-
Moscow Times, 14 January 1999 at www.moscowtimes.ru.
-
(1999)
Times
-
-
Moscow1
-
180
-
-
0040579421
-
-
3 September
-
The CPRF supported only nine MSA candidates, and refused to give a party list place to the MSA's Albert Makashov, thereby forcing it to run independently. See Nezavisimaya gazeta, 3 September 1999; Sergei Chernyakovsky, 'Kommunisticheskie obedineniya', in M. McFaul, N. Petrov et al., Rossiya nakanune dumskikh vyborov 1999 goda (Moscow, Moscow Carnegie Centre, 1999), pp. 99-119 at p. 102.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
181
-
-
85015111385
-
Kommunisticheskie obedineniya
-
M. McFaul, N. Petrov et al., Moscow, Moscow Carnegie Centre
-
The CPRF supported only nine MSA candidates, and refused to give a party list place to the MSA's Albert Makashov, thereby forcing it to run independently. See Nezavisimaya gazeta, 3 September 1999; Sergei Chernyakovsky, 'Kommunisticheskie obedineniya', in M. McFaul, N. Petrov et al., Rossiya nakanune dumskikh vyborov 1999 goda (Moscow, Moscow Carnegie Centre, 1999), pp. 99-119 at p. 102.
-
(1999)
Rossiya Nakanune Dumskikh Vyborov 1999 Goda
, pp. 99-119
-
-
Chernyakovsky, S.1
-
182
-
-
85015108796
-
-
Ilyukhin said his aim was to pitch the MSA vote towards Cossacks and military personnel who were nationalists but who might object to the communist label (Ilyukhin at MSA website www.gull.ptt.ru/Asm; Moscow Times, 14 January 1999 at www.moscowtimes.ru).
-
-
-
-
183
-
-
0004077728
-
-
14 January
-
Ilyukhin said his aim was to pitch the MSA vote towards Cossacks and military personnel who were nationalists but who might object to the communist label (Ilyukhin at MSA website www.gull.ptt.ru/Asm; Moscow Times, 14 January 1999 at www.moscowtimes.ru).
-
(1999)
Moscow Times
-
-
-
184
-
-
0009138867
-
-
8 January
-
Zorkal'tsev, chairman of the NPSR's executive committee, said on 7 January 1999 that the opposition would run in four columns - the APR, CPRF, and the moderate and radical Patriots (Jamestown Foundation Monitor, 8 January 1999). Kuptsov, however, insisted that Zyuganov and Seleznev would top a central CPRF candidate list. Many communists did not support the columns, fearing they would split the party (Pravda, 30 June-6 July 1999 at www.kprf.ru).
-
(1999)
Jamestown Foundation Monitor
-
-
-
185
-
-
85015116025
-
-
30 June-6 July
-
Zorkal'tsev, chairman of the NPSR's executive committee, said on 7 January 1999 that the opposition would run in four columns - the APR, CPRF, and the moderate and radical Patriots (Jamestown Foundation Monitor, 8 January 1999). Kuptsov, however, insisted that Zyuganov and Seleznev would top a central CPRF candidate list. Many communists did not support the columns, fearing they would split the party (Pravda, 30 June-6 July 1999 at www.kprf.ru).
-
(1999)
Pravda
-
-
-
186
-
-
0040579421
-
-
28 July
-
The timing of the formation of the For Victory! bloc was dictated by the pressure of party secretaries, who dashed chances of forming three columns when it had become clear that none apart from the CPRF would pass the 5% barrier (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 28 July 1999).
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
187
-
-
0040579421
-
-
10 September
-
In Tula, Ulyanovsk, Rostov, St Petersburg and a number of other regions regional organisations of Spiritual Heritage joined the CPRF (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 10 September 1999). For the APR split and leader Lapshin's views see Nezavisimaya gazeta, 20 August 1999.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
188
-
-
0040579421
-
-
20 August
-
In Tula, Ulyanovsk, Rostov, St Petersburg and a number of other regions regional organisations of Spiritual Heritage joined the CPRF (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 10 September 1999). For the APR split and leader Lapshin's views see Nezavisimaya gazeta, 20 August 1999.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
189
-
-
0040579421
-
-
22 September
-
Nezavisimaya gazeta, 22 September 1999. Derzhava had already left the NPSR because Zyuganov insisted it leave Luzhkov's Fatherland movement (SWB SU/3443 B/7, 27 January 1999). Lapshin and Podberezkin, as well as Aman Tuleev, were finally expelled from the NPSR in June 2000.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
190
-
-
84928514360
-
-
For the platform: 'Rise up, Great Country!', see www.kprf.ru/zapobedu.htm and for the 75-page campaign booklet see RFE/RL Election Report, No. 2, 12 November 1999. For the 1995 platform see Pravda Rossii, 7 September 1995.
-
Rise Up, Great Country
-
-
-
191
-
-
85015126330
-
Campaign booklet
-
12 November
-
For the platform: 'Rise up, Great Country!', see www.kprf.ru/zapobedu.htm and for the 75-page campaign booklet see RFE/RL Election Report, No. 2, 12 November 1999. For the 1995 platform see Pravda Rossii, 7 September 1995.
-
(1999)
RFE/RL Election Report, No. 2
, vol.2
-
-
-
192
-
-
0342692486
-
-
7 September
-
For the platform: 'Rise up, Great Country!', see www.kprf.ru/zapobedu.htm and for the 75-page campaign booklet see RFE/RL Election Report, No. 2, 12 November 1999. For the 1995 platform see Pravda Rossii, 7 September 1995.
-
(1995)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
-
194
-
-
85015116663
-
-
For the economic programme 'By Means of Creation' see www.kprf.ru.
-
-
-
-
195
-
-
85015109682
-
-
See www.rferl.org/elections/russian99report/speeches.html.
-
-
-
-
196
-
-
85015127444
-
-
23 September
-
RFE/RL Newsline, 3, 186, Part I, 23 September 1999.
-
(1999)
RFE/RL Newsline
, vol.3
-
-
-
198
-
-
33847604350
-
-
15-21 September
-
The party list even contained one ex-Our Home is Russia Duma deputy (Zhores Alferov, 10th place on list) and 37 Agrarians, as well as other groups (Pravda Rossii, 15-21 September 1999).
-
(1999)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
-
199
-
-
0040579421
-
-
23 September
-
Nezavisimaya gazeta, 23 September 1999, from www.ng.ru.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
200
-
-
33847593404
-
-
29 July
-
See Sovetskaya Rossiya, 29 July 1999; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 8 June 1999; Pravda, 25-26 May 1999; Trud, 21 January 2000. Other governors losing their leanings towards the CPRF at this time were Petr Sumin (Chelyabinsk), Vyacheslav Lyubimov (Ryazan), Nikolai Vinogradov (Vladimir), Yurii Lodkin (Bryansk) and Aleksandr Ryabov (Tambov).
-
(1999)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
201
-
-
0040579421
-
-
8 June
-
See Sovetskaya Rossiya, 29 July 1999; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 8 June 1999; Pravda, 25-26 May 1999; Trud, 21 January 2000. Other governors losing their leanings towards the CPRF at this time were Petr Sumin (Chelyabinsk), Vyacheslav Lyubimov (Ryazan), Nikolai Vinogradov (Vladimir), Yurii Lodkin (Bryansk) and Aleksandr Ryabov (Tambov).
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
202
-
-
85015125966
-
-
25-26 May
-
See Sovetskaya Rossiya, 29 July 1999; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 8 June 1999; Pravda, 25-26 May 1999; Trud, 21 January 2000. Other governors losing their leanings towards the CPRF at this time were Petr Sumin (Chelyabinsk), Vyacheslav Lyubimov (Ryazan), Nikolai Vinogradov (Vladimir), Yurii Lodkin (Bryansk) and Aleksandr Ryabov (Tambov).
-
(1999)
Pravda
-
-
-
203
-
-
85015120476
-
-
21 January
-
See Sovetskaya Rossiya, 29 July 1999; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 8 June 1999; Pravda, 25-26 May 1999; Trud, 21 January 2000. Other governors losing their leanings towards the CPRF at this time were Petr Sumin (Chelyabinsk), Vyacheslav Lyubimov (Ryazan), Nikolai Vinogradov (Vladimir), Yurii Lodkin (Bryansk) and Aleksandr Ryabov (Tambov).
-
(2000)
Trud
-
-
-
205
-
-
85015118727
-
-
May
-
The party's major 'red businessman', Vid'manov, helped establish connections with industrial companies in the MIC, energy and machine-building sectors, and the CPRF had access to the budgets of its controlled regions. Other financial support came from banks such as Agropromstroibank and Rosagropromstroi and the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. See Delovye lyudi, 101, May 1999; Argumenty i fakty, 6 October 1999; and Novaya gazeta, 21-27 February 2000.
-
(1999)
Delovye Lyudi
, vol.101
-
-
-
206
-
-
33847591139
-
-
6 October
-
The party's major 'red businessman', Vid'manov, helped establish connections with industrial companies in the MIC, energy and machine-building sectors, and the CPRF had access to the budgets of its controlled regions. Other financial support came from banks such as Agropromstroibank and Rosagropromstroi and the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. See Delovye lyudi, 101, May 1999; Argumenty i fakty, 6 October 1999; and Novaya gazeta, 21-27 February 2000.
-
(1999)
Argumenty I Fakty
-
-
-
207
-
-
33847605037
-
-
21-27 February
-
The party's major 'red businessman', Vid'manov, helped establish connections with industrial companies in the MIC, energy and machine-building sectors, and the CPRF had access to the budgets of its controlled regions. Other financial support came from banks such as Agropromstroibank and Rosagropromstroi and the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. See Delovye lyudi, 101, May 1999; Argumenty i fakty, 6 October 1999; and Novaya gazeta, 21-27 February 2000.
-
(2000)
Novaya Gazeta
-
-
-
208
-
-
0004261034
-
-
6 July
-
Kommersant'-vlast', 6 July 1999; Moskovskii Komsomolets, 30 September 1999.
-
(1999)
Kommersant'-vlast
-
-
-
209
-
-
0004224176
-
-
30 September
-
Kommersant'-vlast', 6 July 1999; Moskovskii Komsomolets, 30 September 1999.
-
(1999)
Moskovskii Komsomolets
-
-
-
210
-
-
85015111037
-
-
22 November
-
On 15 November 1999 this stood at 1.2 million dollars (RFE/RL Newsline, 3, 227, part 1, 22 November 1999).
-
(1999)
RFE/RL Newsline
, vol.3
-
-
-
211
-
-
0004224176
-
-
30 September
-
Such as number eight on the list, 38-year old Gennadii Semigin. The recruitment of businessmen was apparently arranged by Kuptsov and his business manager (upravdelami) Evgenii Burchenko (Moskovskii Komsomolets, 30 September 1999).
-
(1999)
Moskovskii Komsomolets
-
-
Burchenko, E.1
-
212
-
-
85015127535
-
-
15 January
-
Valentin Kuptsov at CPRF VI congress, 15 January 2000, from www.kprf.ru; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 9 July 1999.
-
(2000)
CPRF VI Congress
-
-
Kuptsov, V.1
-
213
-
-
0040579421
-
-
9 July
-
Valentin Kuptsov at CPRF VI congress, 15 January 2000, from www.kprf.ru; Nezavisimaya gazeta, 9 July 1999.
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
214
-
-
85015126590
-
-
Information from www.fci.ru.
-
-
-
-
215
-
-
85015118701
-
-
Eleven were independents (most backed by the CPRF) and five nominated from other parties (information from www.fci.ru and www.duma.gov.ru).
-
-
-
-
216
-
-
84928519651
-
-
Support for the CPRF among those aged 18-29 years dropped from 9% in 1995 to 6% in 1999. Compare Wyman, 'Elections and Voting Behaviour', p. 120 and New Russia Barometer VIII at www.russiavotes.org.
-
Elections and Voting Behaviour
, pp. 120
-
-
Wyman, C.1
-
217
-
-
84928520034
-
-
Support for the CPRF among those aged 18-29 years dropped from 9% in 1995 to 6% in 1999. Compare Wyman, 'Elections and Voting Behaviour', p. 120 and New Russia Barometer VIII at www.russiavotes.org.
-
New Russia Barometer VIII
-
-
-
218
-
-
85015125276
-
-
29 February
-
Zyuganov's business support stood at 7% according to a ROMIR poll on 29 February 2000, at www.russiatoday.com.
-
(2000)
-
-
-
219
-
-
85015110131
-
-
Source: New Russia Barometer VIII. Information kindly supplied by Neil Munro. A large share of the CPRF electorate in Voronezh, Kalmykia and Volgograd shifted to Putin (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1999, at www.ng.ru; EWI Russian Regional Report, 5, 2, 19 January 2000).
-
New Russia Barometer
, vol.8
-
-
-
220
-
-
0040579421
-
-
17 December
-
Source: New Russia Barometer VIII. Information kindly supplied by Neil Munro. A large share of the CPRF electorate in Voronezh, Kalmykia and Volgograd shifted to Putin (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1999, at www.ng.ru; EWI Russian Regional Report, 5, 2, 19 January 2000).
-
(1999)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
-
221
-
-
85015124888
-
-
19 January
-
Source: New Russia Barometer VIII. Information kindly supplied by Neil Munro. A large share of the CPRF electorate in Voronezh, Kalmykia and Volgograd shifted to Putin (Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 December 1999, at www.ng.ru; EWI Russian Regional Report, 5, 2, 19 January 2000).
-
(2000)
EWI Russian Regional Report
, vol.5
, Issue.2
-
-
-
222
-
-
33847589773
-
Kommunisticheskoe dvizhenie
-
M. McFaul, N. Petrov & A. Ryabov (eds), Moscow, Moscow Carnegie Center
-
S. Chernyakovsky, 'Kommunisticheskoe dvizhenie', in M. McFaul, N. Petrov & A. Ryabov (eds), Rossiya na dumskikh i prezidentskikh vyborakh (Moscow, Moscow Carnegie Center, 2000).
-
(2000)
Rossiya Na Dumskikh I Prezidentskikh Vyborakh
-
-
Chernyakovsky, S.1
-
225
-
-
84928518977
-
-
These regions were Magadan and Kamchatka oblasti, Krasnodar krai and the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets autonomous okruga. For further information on the electorate of the major parties see McFaul, Ryabov et al., Carnegie Bulletin No. 4: Itogi vyborov and Rossiya nakanune dumskikh vyborov 1999 goda, pp. 307-309; Chernyakovsky, 'Kommunisticheskoe dvizhenie'.
-
Kommunisticheskoe Dvizhenie
-
-
Chernyakovsky1
-
226
-
-
85015125517
-
-
22 December
-
EWI Russian Regional Report, 4, 48, 22 December 1999. In Kemerovo the communists won 29% as opposed to 45% in 1995, while Edinstvo took 34%. Kemerovo governor Tuleev appeared on the communist list and simultaneously supported Edinstvo.
-
(1999)
EWI Russian Regional Report
, vol.4
, Issue.48
-
-
-
228
-
-
84928520715
-
-
23 December
-
Zyuganov, Pravda, 23 December 1999, at www.kprf.ru.
-
(1999)
Pravda
-
-
Zyuganov1
-
229
-
-
33847605847
-
-
27 January
-
On the CPRF's failure to anticipate Edinstvo at all see N. Bindyukov, Pravda, 27 January 2000. According to New Russia Barometer VIII, at www.russiavotes.org, 23% of the CPRF's 1999 Duma vote intended to support Putin and only 75% Zyuganov in a second round runoff.
-
(2000)
Pravda
-
-
Bindyukov, N.1
-
230
-
-
85015118515
-
-
On the CPRF's failure to anticipate Edinstvo at all see N. Bindyukov, Pravda, 27 January 2000. According to New Russia Barometer VIII, at www.russiavotes.org, 23% of the CPRF's 1999 Duma vote intended to support Putin and only 75% Zyuganov in a second round runoff.
-
New Russia Barometer
, vol.8
-
-
-
231
-
-
33847591138
-
-
22 December
-
Segodnya, 22 December 1999.
-
(1999)
Segodnya
-
-
-
232
-
-
85015115887
-
-
Figures on 2 March from www.duma.gov.ru.
-
-
-
-
233
-
-
84928519850
-
-
From the Kremlin's point of view, if Edinstvo had a majority coalition with OVR, this would strengthen Primakov, but if it united with Yabloko and SPS this would have raised the possibility of an opposition OVR-CPRF alliance. An alliance with the communists at least promised stability as the party's discipline meant that they were easy to work with. Seleznev's ability to compromise got his support from the Kremlin, oligarchs such as Berezovsky and a number of regional leaders. See Harvard Election Watch, 2, 2000, p. 8. For the communist view see Pravda Rossii, 26 January-1 February 2000, at www.kprf.ru.
-
(2000)
Harvard Election Watch
, vol.2
, pp. 8
-
-
-
234
-
-
0004704308
-
-
26 January-1 February
-
From the Kremlin's point of view, if Edinstvo had a majority coalition with OVR, this would strengthen Primakov, but if it united with Yabloko and SPS this would have raised the possibility of an opposition OVR-CPRF alliance. An alliance with the communists at least promised stability as the party's discipline meant that they were easy to work with. Seleznev's ability to compromise got his support from the Kremlin, oligarchs such as Berezovsky and a number of regional leaders. See Harvard Election Watch, 2, 2000, p. 8. For the communist view see Pravda Rossii, 26 January-1 February 2000, at www.kprf.ru.
-
(2000)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
-
235
-
-
84928517221
-
-
23-29 February
-
Kuptsov, Pravda Rossii, 23-29 February 2000, at www.kprf.ru.
-
(2000)
Pravda Rossii
-
-
Kuptsov1
-
236
-
-
0011098475
-
-
21 January
-
Segodnya, 21 January 2000.
-
(2000)
Segodnya
-
-
-
237
-
-
33847606039
-
-
17 February
-
Boris Nemtsov of SPS and Vladimir Lukin of Yabloko were confirmed as deputy speakers with most communists voting against (see Vremya MN, 17 February 2000).
-
(2000)
Vremya MN
-
-
-
238
-
-
33847606039
-
-
15 June 2000, 27 June
-
On Rossiya, see for example Vremya MN, 15 June 2000, 27 June 2000. The movement claims 114 000 members in 77 Russian regions, which is roundly denied by the CPRF.
-
(2000)
Vremya MN
-
-
-
241
-
-
0005511295
-
-
Moscow, Vagrius
-
For Putin's view see N. Gevorkyan, N. Timakova & A. Kolesnikov, Otpervogo litsa: razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym (Moscow, Vagrius, 2000). See also A. Kravets, Nezavisimaya gazeta, 28 January 2000, at www.ng.ru.
-
(2000)
Otpervogo Litsa: Razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym
-
-
Gevorkyan, N.1
Timakova, N.2
Kolesnikov, A.3
-
242
-
-
0004280832
-
-
28 January
-
For Putin's view see N. Gevorkyan, N. Timakova & A. Kolesnikov, Otpervogo litsa: razgovory s Vladimirom Putinym (Moscow, Vagrius, 2000). See also A. Kravets, Nezavisimaya gazeta, 28 January 2000, at www.ng.ru.
-
(2000)
Nezavisimaya Gazeta
-
-
Kravets, A.1
-
243
-
-
0343999495
-
-
Sakwa, 'Left or Right?', p. 154; Urban & Solovei, Russia's Communists at the Crossroads, p. 191.
-
Left or Right?
, pp. 154
-
-
Sakwa1
-
245
-
-
84928519850
-
-
Aleksei Ulyukaev, Union of Right Forces' member, Harvard Election Watch, 2, 2000, p. 8.
-
(2000)
Harvard Election Watch
, vol.2
, pp. 8
-
-
-
246
-
-
0005420306
-
Russia's post-communist politics: Revolution or continuity?
-
G. W. Lapidus (ed.), Boulder, Westview
-
A tendency noted by L. Shevtsova, 'Russia's Post-Communist Politics: Revolution or continuity?', in G. W. Lapidus (ed.), The New Russia: Troubled Transformation (Boulder, Westview, 1995), pp. 5-36 at pp. 30-31.
-
(1995)
The New Russia: Troubled Transformation
, pp. 5-36
-
-
Shevtsova, L.1
-
247
-
-
85015121132
-
-
11 May
-
In the words of a party critic, Pravda, 11 May 2000.
-
(2000)
Pravda
-
-
-
248
-
-
85015121404
-
-
12 November
-
See Vitalii Tretyakov, SWB SU/3382 B/6, 12 November 1998.
-
(1998)
SWB SU/3382
, vol.B
, Issue.6
-
-
Tretyakov, V.1
-
249
-
-
85015115026
-
-
note
-
Author's interviews with CPRF Central Committee members N. Bindyukov and A. Kravets, 20 and 22 September 2000 respectively.
-
-
-
-
251
-
-
0010479634
-
Crisis, party adaptation and regime stability in Argentina
-
October
-
S. Levitsky, 'Crisis, Party Adaptation and Regime Stability in Argentina', Party Politics, 4, 4, October 1998, pp. 445-470 at p. 451.
-
(1998)
Party Politics
, vol.4
, Issue.4
, pp. 445-470
-
-
Levitsky, S.1
-
252
-
-
84928519517
-
-
5 January
-
One writer called for a CPRF-OVR alliance headed by Primakov on the basis of a renewed socialism (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 5 January 2000, from www.dol.ru/kremlin/kds/). According to Interfax, 20-25% of the party supported a change of leader (Johnson's Russia List, 3476, 31 August 1999).
-
(2000)
Sovetskaya Rossiya
-
-
-
253
-
-
85015115326
-
-
31 August
-
One writer called for a CPRF-OVR alliance headed by Primakov on the basis of a renewed socialism (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 5 January 2000, from www.dol.ru/kremlin/kds/). According to Interfax, 20-25% of the party supported a change of leader (Johnson's Russia List, 3476, 31 August 1999).
-
(1999)
Johnson's Russia List
, vol.3476
-
-
-
254
-
-
85015116798
-
-
note
-
Author's interview with Bindyukov, 20 September 2000.
-
-
-
|