The female athlete triad

Current Opinion in Orthopaedics

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 132-141

  Putukian, Margot ^a,b,c  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b PENN STATE MILTON S HERSHEY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN; FLUOXETINE; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE; ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE AGENT; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; VITAMIN D;

AMENORRHEA AND OLIGOMENORRHEA; ANOREXIA NERVOSA; ATHLETE; BONE DENSITY; BONE METABOLISM; BULIMIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEPRESSION; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG EFFECT; EATING DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; MENSTRUATION DISORDER; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY; OSTEOPENIA; OSTEOPOROSIS; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; STRESS FRACTURE;

EID: 0035072719     PISSN: 10419918     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001433-200104000-00010     Document Type: Review

References (88)

1. Physical activity counseling for healthy adults as a primary preventive intervention in the clinical setting
2. Leisure time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death: The multiple risk factor intervention trial
3. Duignan: Sex-role identity in a select sample of women field hockey players
4. The female athlete triad
5. ACSM position stand on the female athlete triad
6. The Female Athlete Triad: Eating disorders, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis
7. The Female Athlete Triad
8. Frequency of specific entities of female athlete triad among female collegiate athletes at an NCAA Division I institution
9. Views on classification and diagnosis of eating disorders
10. Body weight standards and athletic performance
11. Nutrient intake and eating behavior of female elite athletes suffering from anorezia nervosa, anorexia athletica and bulimia nervosa
12. Weight cycling in athletes: Effects on behavior, physiology, and health
13. Pathology and development of eating disorders: Implications for athletes
14. Eating and weight disorders in the female athlete
15. Athletic amenorrhea; A review
16. Overcommitment to sport: Is there a relationship to the eating disorders?
17. Eating Disorders
18. Risk and trigger factors for the development of eating disorders in female elite athletes
19. Pathogenic weight control behaviors in female athletes
20. Pathogenic weight-control behaviors of female college gymnasts
21. Pathogenic weight control behavior of young competitive swimmers
22. Eating disorder symptoms in female college gymnasts
23. Leukopenia in anorexia nervosa: Lack of increased risk of infection
24. Medical issues in the eating disorders
25. Bulimarexia
26. Eating disorders
27. Osteoporosis in women with anorexia nervosa
28. The clinical course of osteoporosis in anorexia nervosa
29. Osteoporosis in anorexia nervosa: The influence of peak bone density, bone loss, oral contraceptive use, and exercise
30. Myocardial impairment resulting from eating disorders
31. Anorexia nervosa and sudden death
32. Medical complications of eating disorders in adolescent
33. How to help the athlete with bulimia: Practical tips and case study
34. The female athlete
35. Fluoxetine in the treatment of bulimia nervosa: A multicenter placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
36. Long-term fluoxetine treatment of bulimia nervosa
37. Amenorrhea
38. Amenorrhea
39. Prolactin responses, menstrual cycles, and body composition of women runners
40. Anorexia nervosa, athletics, and amenorrhea
41. Release of B-endorphin and metenkephalin during exercise in normal women: Response to training
42. Metabolic actions of estradiol: Significance for acute and chronic exercise responses
43. Higher serum cortisol levels in exercise associated amenorrhea
44. Alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axes in athletic women
45. Adrenal activation and the prolactin response to exercise in eumenorrheic and amenorrheic runners
46. Athletic amenorrhea: Lack of association with body fat
47. Bone mineral density in mature, pre-menopausal ultra marathon runners
48. Energy balance in highly trained female endurance runners
49. Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroidal function in eumenorrheic and amenorrheic athletes
50. Dietary restriction reduces luteinizing hormone pulse frequency during waking hours and increases LH pulse amplitude during sleep in young menstruating women
51. Resting metabolic rate and energy balance in amenorrheic and eumenorrheic runners
52. Strenuous exercise with caloric restriction: Effect on luteinizing hormone secretion
53. Low energy availability, not stress of exercise, alters LH pulsatility in exercising women
54. Hypothalamic amenorrhea in runners of normal body composition
55. Defects in pulsatile LH release in normally menstruating runners
56. Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes
57. Menstrual history as a determinant of current bone density in young athletes
58. Bone mineral loss related to menstrual history
59. Decreased spinal mineral content in amenorrheic women
60. Risk factors for stress fractures in track and field athletes: A twelve month prospective study
61. Scoliosis and fractures in young ballet dancers
62. Menstrual function and bone mass in elite women distance runners: Endocrine and metabolic features
63. Low bone density is an etiologic factor for stress fractures in athletes
64. Stress fractures in ballet dancers
65. Exercise-induced amenorrhea and bone density
66. Bone mineral density at axial and appendicular sites in amenorrheic athletes
67. Bone density at multiple skeletal sites in amenorrheic athletes
68. Bone mineral density after resumption of menses in amenorrheic athletes
69. Treatment of athletic amenorrhea with a diet and training intervention program
70. Postmenopausal bone loss is prevented by treatment with low-dosage estrogen with calcium
71. Exercise-associated amenorrhea, low bone density, and estrogen replacement therapy
72. Osteopenia in hypothalamic amenorrhea: A three year longitudinal study
73. Cyclic medroxyprogesterone treatment increases bone density: A controlled trial in active women with menstrual cycle disturbances
74. Bone mineral changes in young women with hypothalamic amenorrhea treated with oral contraceptives, medroxyprogesterone, or placebo over 12 months
75. Preliminary findings on the effects of sex hormones on bone metabolism in anorexia nervosa
76. Amenorrhea, osteopenia, and the female athlete
77. The diagnosis of osteoporosis
78. Use of bone densitometry results for decisions about therapy for osteoporosis
79. Consensus development conference: Prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis
80. Osteoporosis
81. Bone sparing properties of oral contraceptives
82. Bone health and prevention of osteoporosis in active and athletic women
83. Back pain in a field hockey player
84. The athletic woman