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Ph. D. dissertation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Xu, M.-H. Ph. D. dissertation, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P. R. China, 1999. The detailed and further investigations of the asymmetric protonations will be published elsewhere.
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note
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In an effort to maximize the results, other chiral auxiliaries were also surveyed. With N-isopropylephedrine (2) as chiral auxiliary, chiral γ-butyrolactone 1 was obtained in only 30% ee. However, 2 is a good chiral auxiliary in the synthesis of chiral 4-substituted- and cis-3,4-disubstituted-γ-butyrolactones; see: note (12) of ref 4.
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note
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Since (-)-sultam (4) is commercially available and not expensive, we still use it as the chiral proton source instead of (±)-sultam.
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35
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note
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