Free-Radical-Induced Chain Breakage and Depolymerization of Poly(methacrylic acid): Equilibrium Polymerization in Aqueous Solution at Room Temperature

Chemistry - A European Journal

Volumn 6, Issue 21, 2000, Pages 3922-3934

  Ulanski, Piotr ^a,b   Bothe, Eberhard ^a   Hildenbrand, Knut ^a   Von Sonntag, Clemens ^a  

^a MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR CHEMICAL ENERGY CONVERSION   (Germany)

^b LODZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Poland)

Author keywords

EPR spectroscopy; Kinetics; Polymerizations; Pulse radiolysis; Radical reactions

Indexed keywords

CARBENE; FREE RADICAL; HYDROGEN; HYDROXYL RADICAL; METHYL GROUP; NITROUS OXIDE; POLYMETHACRYLIC ACID;

AQUEOUS SOLUTION; ARTICLE; DEPOLYMERIZATION; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; POLYMERIZATION; PULSE RADIOLYSIS; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 0034602085     PISSN: 09476539     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20001103)6:21<3922::AID-CHEM3922>3.0.CO;2-2     Document Type: Article

References (119)

1. J. W. Nemec, W. Bauer in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 1 (Eds.: H. F. Mark, M. N. Bikales, C. G. Overberger, G. Menges, J. Kroschwitz), Wiley, New York, 1988, pp. 211-234.
2. P. Molyneux, Water-Soluble Synthetic Polymers. Properties and Applications, CRC, Boca Raton, 1987.
3. E. A. Bekturov, Z. K. Bakaouva, Synthetic Water-Soluble Polymers in Solution, Huethig & Wepf, Basel, 1986.
4. M. Mandel in Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 11 (Eds.: H. F. Mark, M. N. Bikales, C. G. Overberger, G. Menges, J. Kroschwitz), Wiley, New York, 1988, pp. 739-829.
5. V. Crescenzi, Adv. Polym. Sci. 1967, 5, 358-386.
6. Z. Alexandrowicz, J. Polym. Sci. 1959, 40, 91-106.
7. C. Tondre, R. Zana, J. Phys. Chem. 1972, 76, 3451-3459.
8. A. Silberberg, J. Eliassaf, A. Katchalsky, J. Polym. Sci. 1957, 23, 259-284.
9. R. Arnold, J. T. G. Overbeek in Proc. Int. Colloq. Macromol. 1949, D. B. Ceten's Uitgevers, Amsterdam, 1950, pp. 314-328.
10. V. Crescenzi, F. Quadrifoglio, F. Delben, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. Ed. 1972, 10, 357-368.
11. E. Baumgartner, R. Fernandez-Prini in Polyelectrolytes (Eds.: K. C. Frisch, D. Klempner, A. V. Patsis), Technomic, Westport, 1976, pp. 1-33.
12. M. Moan, C. Wolff, J.-P. Cotton, R. Ober, J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Symp. 1977, 61, 1-8.
13. M. Irie, W. Schnabel, Macromolecules 1986, 19, 2846-2850.
14. J. Horsky, H. Morawetz, Macromol. Chem. 1988, 189, 2475-2483.
15. A. F. Olea, H. Rosenbluth, J. K. Thomas, Macromolecules 1999, 32, 8077-8083.
16. K. P. Ghiggino, K. L. Tan in Polymer Photophysics (Ed.: D. Philips), Chapman and Hall, London, 1985, pp. 341-376.
17. A. F. Olea, J. K. Thomas, Macromolecules 1989, 22, 1165-1169.
18. B. Bednar, J. Trnena, P. Svoboda, S. Vajda, V. Fidler, K. Prochazka, Macromolecules 1991, 24, 2054-2059.
19. Y. Kurimura, Y. Sairenchi, S. Nakayama, Macromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp. 1992, 59, 199-215.
20. I. Soutar, L. Swanson, Polymer 1994, 35, 1942-1947.
21. N. A. Peppas, Hydrogels in Medicine and Pharmacy, CRC, Boca Raton, 1986.
22. D. De Rossi, K. Kajiware, Y. Osada, A. Yamauchi, Polymer Gels. Fundamentals and Biomedical Applications, Plenum, New York, 1991.
23. J. M. Rosiak in Radiation Effects on Polymers, Vol. 475 (Eds.: R. C. Clough, S. W. Shalaby), American Chemical Society, Washington, 1991, pp. 271-299.
24. A. S. Hoffman, MRS Bull. 1991, Sept. 1991, 42-46.
25. Responsive Gels: Volume Transitions (Ed.: K. Dusek), Springer, Berlin, 1993.
26. L. Brannon-Peppas, N. A. Peppas, J. Controlled Release 1991, 16, 319-330.
27. I. Kaetsu, K. Uchida, Y. Morita, M. Okubo, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1992, 40, 157-160.
28. O. Hirasa, J. Intel. Mater. Syst. Struct. 1993, 4, 538-542.
29. R. Yoshida, H. Ichijo, T. Hakuta, T. Yamaguchi, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1995, 16, 305-310.
30. J. Zhang, N. A. Peppas, Macromolecules 2000, 33, 102-107.
31. T. Shiga, Y. Hirose, A. Okada, T. Kurauchi, J. Intel. Mater. Syst. Struct. 1993, 4, 553-557.
32. N. S. Yoon, K. Kono, T. Takagishi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1995, 55, 351-357.
33. R. A. Siegel, Nature 1998, 394, 427-428.
34. P. F. Kiser, G. Wilson, D. Needham, Nature 1998, 394, 459-462.
35. A. M. Lowman, N. A. Peppas, J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 1999, 10, 999-1009.
36. S. H. Yuk, Y. H. Bae, Crit. Rev. Ther. Drug Carrier Syst. 1999, 16, 385-423.
37. J. M. Rosiak, P. Ulanski, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1999, 55, 139-151.
38. P. Ulanski, J. M. Rosiak, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 1994, 315-324.
39. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, K. Hildenbrand, J. M. Rosiak, C. von Sonntag, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1995, 46, 909-912.
40. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, J. M. Rosiak, C. von Sonntag, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1996, 5-12.
41. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, K. Hildenbrand, J. M. Rosiak, C. von Sonntag, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1996, 13-22.
42. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, K. Hildenbrand, J. M. Rosiak, C. von Sonntag, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1996, 23-28.
43. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, K. Hildenbrand, C. von Sonntag, J. M. Rosiak, Nukleonika 1997, 42, 425-436.
44. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, C. von Sonntag, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1999, 56, 467-474.
45. P. Ulanski, E. Bothe, C. von Sonntag, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res. Sect. B 1999, 151, 350-355.
46. J. H. Baxendale, J. K. Thomas, Trans. Faraday Soc. 1958, 54, 1515-1525.
47. P. Alexander, A. Charlesby, J. Polym. Sci. 1957, 23, 355-375.
48. B. Ranby, J. F. Rabek, Photodegradation, Photo-oxidation and Photostabilization of Polymers. Principles and Applications, Wiley, London, 1975.
49. T. S. Chen, J. K. Thomas, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1980, 15, 429-433.
50. H. Nishide, M. D. Cho, T. Kaku, Y. Okamoto, Macromolecules 1993, 26, 2377-2379.
51. S. C. Greer, J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 5413-5422.
52. J.-S. Wang, K. Matyjaszewski, Macromolecules 1995, 28, 7901-7910.
53. K. A. Davis, H. Paik, K. Matyjaszewski, Macromolecules 1999, 32, 1767-1776.
54. V. Coessens, J. Pyun, P. J. Miller, S. G. Gaynor, K. Matyjaszewski, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2000, 21, 103-109.
55. F. S. Dainton, K. J. Ivin, Nature 1948, 162, 705-707.
56. F. S. Dainton, K. J. Ivin, Q. Rev. Chem. Soc. 1958, 12, 61-91.
57. P. Dowideit, C. von Sonntag, Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 1112-1119.
58. T. Völker, Makromol. Chem. 1961, 44-46, 107-122.
59. C. von Sonntag, H.-P. Schuchmann, Methods Enzymol. 1994, 233, 3-20.
60. E. Bothe, E. Janata, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1994, 44, 455-458.
61. A. Henglein, W. Schnabel, J. Wendenburg, Einführung in die Strahlenchemie, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1969.
62. R. H. Schuler, L. K. Patterson, E. Janata, J. Phys. Chem. 1980, 84, 2088-2089.
63. G. V. Buxton, C. R. Stuart, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1995, 91, 279-281.
64. D. Veltwisch, E. Janata, K.-D. Asmus, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1980, 146-153.
65. F. Weeke, E. Bastian, G. Schomburg, Chromatographia 1974, 7, 163-170.
66. C. von Sonntag, The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology, Taylor and Francis, London, 1987.
67. G. V. Buxton, C. L. Greenstock, W. P. Helman, A. B. Ross, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1988, 17, 513-886.
68. A. Behzadi, U. Borgwardt, A. Henglein, E. Schamberg, W. Schnabel, Ber. Bunsen-Ges. Phys. Chem. 1970, 74, 649-653.
69. P. Ulanski, Zainuddin, J. M. Rosiak, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1995, 46, 917-920.
70. M. S. Matheson, A. Mamou, J. Silverman, J. Rabani, J. Phys. Chem. 1973, 77, 2420-2424.
71. A. Behzadi, W. Schnabel, Macromolecules 1973, 6, 824-826.
72. P. Neta, M. Simic, E. Hayon, J. Phys. Chem. 1969, 73, 4207-4213.
73. M. N. Schuchmann, H. Zegota, C. von Sonntag, Z. Naturforsch. B 1985, 40, 215-221.
74. J. Berkowitz, G. B. Ellison, D. Gutman, J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 2744-2765.
75. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 67th ed. (Eds.: R. C. Weast, M. J. Astle, W. H. Beyer), CRC, Boca Raton, 1986.
76. H.-P. Schuchmann, C. von Sonntag, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1988, 32, 149-156.
77. C. von Sonntag, E. Bothe, P. Ulanski, A. Adhikary, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1999, 55, 599-603.
78. G. Beck, J. Kiwi, D. Lindenau, W. Schnabel, Eur. Polym. J. 1974, 10, 1069-1075.
79. R. Lubis, J. Olejniczak, J. Rosiak, J. Kroh, Radiat. Phys. Chem. 1990, 36, 249-252.
80. E. Bothe, D. Schulte-Frohlinde, Z. Naturforsch. C 1982, 37, 1191-1204.
81. M. Adinarayana, E. Bothe, D. Schulte-Frohlinde, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1988, 54, 723-737.
82. D. J. Deeble, E. Bothe, H.-P. Schuchmann, B. J. Parsons, G. O. Phillips, C. von Sonntag, Z. Naturforsch. C 1990, 45, 1031-1043.
83. E. Bothe, G. A. Qureshi, D. Schulte-Frohlinde, Z. Naturforsch. C 1983, 38, 1030-1042.
84. G. S. Manning, Quart. Rev. Biophys. 1978, 11, 179-246.
85. P. Maruthamuthu, Makromol. Chem. Rapid Commun. 1980, 1, 23-25.
86. M. Kumar, M. H. Rao, P. N. Moorthy, K. N. Rao, Radiat. Eff. Express 1988, 1, 167-173.
87. B. C. Gilbert, J. R. L. Smith, C. E. Milne, A. C. Whitwood, P. Taylor, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2 1994, 1759-1769.
88. K. Makino, M. M. Mossoba, P. Riesz, J. Phys. Chem. 1983, 87, 1074-1080.
89. G. Blauer, J. Polym. Sci. 1953, 11, 189-192.
90. S. H. Pinner, J. Polym. Sci. 1952, 9, 282-285.
91. G. Blauer, Trans. Faraday Soc. 1960, 56, 606-612.
92. G. Odian, Principles of Polymerization, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York, 1991.
93. O. Vogl, M. F. Qin, A. Zilkha, Prog. Polym. Sci. 1999, 24, 1481-1525.
94. N. C. Billingham, A. Ledwith in Reactivity, Mechanism and Structure in Polymer Chemistry (Eds.: A. D. Jenkins, A. Ledwith), Wiley, London, 1974, pp. 42-51.
95. I. A. Raap, U. Gröllmann, Makromol. Chem. 1983, 184, 123-134.
96. A. M. North in Reactivity, Mechanism and Structure in Polymer Chemistry (Eds.: A. D. Jenkins, A. Ledwith), Wiley, London, 1974, pp. 143-152.
97. O. F. Olaj, A. Kornherr, G. Zifferer, Macromolecules 1999, 32, 8800-8806.
98. O. F. Olaj, P. Vana, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1998, 19, 433-439.
99. O. F. Olaj, P. Vana, Macromol. Rapid Commun. 1998, 19, 533-538.
100. Polymer Handbook, 3rd ed. (Eds.: J. Brandrup, E. H. Immergut), Wiley, New York, 1989.
101. U. Borgwardt, W. Schnabel, A. Henglein, Makromol. Chem. 1969, 127, 176-184.
102. S. Bywater, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 1999, 37, 4467-4477.
103. W. Görlich, W. Schnabel, Eur. Polym. J. 1973, 9, 1298-1296.
104. D. Behar, J. Rabani, J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 92, 5288-5292.
105. S. Bywater, Trans. Faraday Soc. 1955, 51, 1267-1273.
106. D. Kukulj, T. P. Davis, Macromolecules 1998, 31, 5668-5680.
107. R. A. Hutchinson, D. A. Paquet, S. Beuermann, J. H. McMinn, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1998, 37, 3567-3574.
108. N. I. Galperina, W. F. Gromov, P. M. Khomikovskii, A. D. Abkin, Vysokomol. Soedin. Ser. B 1975, 17, 674-677.
109. J. Matuszewska-Czerwik, S. Polowinski, Eur. Polym. J. 1991, 27, 1335-1337.
110. S. Beuermann, D. A. Paquet, J. H. McMinn, R. A. Hutchinson, Macromolecules 1997, 30, 194-197.
111. L. Wojnarovits, E. Takacs, Res. Chem. Intermed. 1999, 25, 275-283.
112. A. Katchalsky, G. Blauer, Trans. Faraday Soc. 1951, 47, 1360-1370.
113. A. G. Evans, E. Tyrrall, J. Polym. Sci. 1947, 2, 387-396.
114. K. G. McCurdy, K. J. Laidler, Can. J. Chem. 1964, 42, 818-824.
115. R. A. Lyons, J. Hutovic, M. C. Piton, D. I. Christie, P. A. Clay, B. G. Manders, S. H. Kable, R. G. Gilbert, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 1918-1927.
116. S. Beuermann, D. A. Paquet, J. H. McMinn, R. A. Hutchinson, Macromolecules 1996, 29, 4206-4215.
117. A. Charlesby, Atomic Radiation and Polymers, Pergamon, Oxford, 1960.
118. D. G. E. Lemaire, E. Bothe, D. Schulte-Frohlinde, Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1987, 51, 319-330.
119. W. Schnabel, Polymer Degradation. Principles and Practical Applications, Hanser, München, 1981.