Ingroup bias and self-esteem: A meta-analysis

Personality and Social Psychology Review

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 157-173

  Aberson, Christopher L ^a   Healy, Michael ^b   Romero, Victoria ^b  

^a FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0034342846     PISSN: 10888683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1207/S15327957PSPR0402_04     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. * Aberson, C. L. (1999). Low self-esteem and ingroup bias. Social Behavior and Personality, 27, 17-28.
2. Abrams, D. (1993). Processes of social identification. In G. Breakwell (Ed.), Social psychology of identity and the self-concept (pp. 57-99). London: Surrey University Press.
3. American Psychological Association. (1971-1999). PsycINFO [Online]. Washington, DC: Author [Producer]. Ovid Technologies [Distributor].
4. American Psychological Association. (1964-1999). PsycLIT [CD-ROM]. Wellesley Hills, MA: SilverPlatter Information Services [Producer and Distributor].
5. Baumeister, R. F., Tice, D. M., & Hutton, D. G. (1989). Self-presentational motivations and personality differences in self-esteem. Journal of Personality, 57, 547-579.
6. Begg, C. B. (1994). Publication bias. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 399-410). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
7. Blanz, M., Mummendey, A., & Otten, S. (1995a). Perceptions of relative group size and group status: Effects on intergroup discrimination in negative evaluations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 25, 231-247.
8. Blanz, M., Mummendey, A., & Otten, S. (1995b). Positive-negative asymmetry in social discrimination: The impact of stimulus valence and size and status differentials on intergroup evaluations. British Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 409-419.
9. Blascovich, J., & Tomaka, J. (1991). Measures of self-esteem. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes (pp. 115-160). New York: Academic.
10. Brewer, M. B. (1979). In-group bias in the minimal intergroup situation: A cognitive-motivational analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 307-324.
11. Brickson, S. L. (1994). Correlation between collectivism, self-esteem, and ingroup bias: Costa Rica and the United States. Unpublished master's thesis, Carleton College, Northfield, MN.
12. * Brockner, J., & Chen, Y. (1996). The moderating roles of self-esteem and self-construal in reaction to threat to the self: Evidence from the People's Republic of China and the United States. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 603-615.
13. Brown, J. D. (1993). Motivational conflict and the self: The double-bind on low self-esteem. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp.117-130). New York: Plenum.
14. Brown, J. D., Collins, R. L., & Schmidt, G. W. (1988). Self-esteem and direct versus indirect forms of self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 445-453.
15. Brown, R., Condor, S., Mathews, A., Wade, G., & Williams, J. (1986). Explaining intergroup differentiation in an industrial organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 59, 273-286.
16. Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Inc. (1974-1999). Sociofile [On-line]. Wellesley Hills, MA: SilverPlatter Information Services [Producer and Distributor].
17. Cialdini, R. B., & DeNicholas, M. E. (1989). Self-presentation by association. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 626-631.
18. * Crocker, J., & Luhtanen, R. (1990). Collective self-esteem and ingroup bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 60-67.
19. * Crocker, J., & Schwartz, I. (1985). Prejudice and ingroup favoritism in a minimal intergroup situation: Effects of self-esteem. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 11, 379-386.
20. * Crocker, J., Thompson, L., McGraw, K. M., & Ingerman, C. (1987). Downward comparison, prejudice, and evaluation of others: Effects of self-esteem and threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 907-916.
21. * Donaldson, S. J. (1995). Factors affecting the self-esteem hypothesis: Self-serving biases in the intergroup situation. Dissertation Abstracts International, 56(05B), 2939. (University Microfilms No. AAI95-31831)
22. Ehrlich, H. J. (1973). The social psychology of prejudice. New York: Wiley.
23. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
24. * Gagnon, A., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1996). Discrimination in the minimal group paradigm: Social identity or self-interest. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 1289-1301.
25. * Greenwood, L. (1996). Effects of social categorization, repressive coping, and differential status on intergroup discrimination (Doctoral dissertation, Lehigh University, 1996). Dissertation Abstracts International, 57, 5977.
26. Helmreich, R., & Stapp, J. (1974). Short forms of the Texas Social Behavioral Inventory (TBSI), an objective measure of self-esteem. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 4, 473-475.
27. * Hinkle, S., Taylor, L. A., Fox-Cardamone, D. L., & Crook, K. F. (1989). Intragroup differentiation and intergroup differentiation: A multicomponent approach. British Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 305-317.
28. Hogg, M. A., & Abrams, D. (1990). Social motivation, self-esteem, and social identity. In D. Abrams & M. A. Hogg (Eds.), Social identity theory: Constructive and critical advances (pp. 28-47). New York: Springer-Verlag.
29. Hunter, J. A., Platow, M. J., Bell, L. M., Kypri, K., & Lewis, C. A. (1997). Intergroup bias and self-evaluation: Domain-specific self-esteem, threats to identity, and dimension of importance. British Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 405-426.
30. Hunter, J. A., Platow, M. J., Howard, M. L., & Stringer, M. (1996). Social identity and intergroup evaluative bias: Realistic categories and domain-specific self-esteem in a conflict setting. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26, 631-647.
31. * Hunter, J. A., Stringer, M., & Coleman, J. T. (1993). Social explanations for self-esteem in Northern Ireland. Journal of Social Psychology, 133, 643-650.
32. Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1990). Methods of meta-analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
33. Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1994). Correcting for sources of artificial variation across studies. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 323-336). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
34. Jackson, J. W., & Smith, E. R. (1999). Conceptualizing social identity: A new framework and evidence for the impact of different dimensions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 120-135.
35. Janis, I. L., & Field, P. B. (1959). A behavioral assessment of persuasibility: Consistency of individual differences. In C. Hovland & I. Janis (Eds.), Personality and persuasibility (pp. 29-54). New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
36. Johnson, B. T. (1989). DSTAT: Software for the meta-analytic review of research literatures. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
37. * Kelly, C. (1988). Intergroup differentiation in a political context. British Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 319-332.
38. * Lay, C. H. (1992). If personal self-esteem predicts personal enhancement, will collective self-esteem predict collective enhancement? Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 7, 189-200.
39. * Lindeman, M. (1997). Ingroup bias, self-enhancement, and group identification. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 337-355.
40. * Long, K. M. (1997, September). Identification and discrimination in response to threat: The influence of personal and collective self-esteem. Paper presented at meeting of the British Psychological Society, Sussex, England.
41. Long, K. M., & Spears, R. (1997). The self-esteem hypothesis revisited: Differentiation and the disaffected. In R. Spears, P. J. Oakes, N. Ellemers, & S. A. Haslam (Eds.), The social psychology of stereotyping and group life (pp. 296-317). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
42. * Long, K. M., & Spears, R. (1998). Opposing effects of personal and collective self-esteem on interpersonal and intergroup comparisons. European Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 913-930.
43. * Long, K. M., Spears, R., & Manstead, A. S. R. (1994). The influence of personal and collective self-esteem on strategies of social differentiation. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 313-329.
44. Luhtanen, R., & Crocker, J. (1991). Self-esteem and intergroup comparisons. In J. Suls & T. A. Mills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 211-236). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
45. Luhtanen, R., & Crocker, J. (1992). A collective self-esteem scale: Self-evaluation of one's social identity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18, 302-318.
46. * Maass, A., Ceccarelli, R., & Rudin, S. (1996). Linguistic intergroup bias: Evidence for in-group-protective motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 512-526.
47. * Maass, A., Milesi, A., Zabbini, S., & Stahlberg, D. (1995). Linguistic intergroup bias: Expectancies or in-group protection? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 116-126.
48. * Mallery, P. (1994). Social comparison choices: The top people in the bottom group (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1994). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55, 3064.
49. Marsh, H. W., Smith, I. D., & Barnes, J. (1983). Multitrait-multimethod analysis of the Self-Descriptive Questionnaire: Student-teacher agreement on multidimensional ratings of student self-concept. American Educational Research Journal, 20, 333-357.
50. * McCrea, S. M., Crawford, M. T., & Hirt, E. R. (1998, May). Group meaningfulness and self-esteem influence type of self-enhancement and ingroup bias. Poster session presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Washington, DC.
51. Mummendey, A., & Schreiber, H. J. (1983). Better or just different? Positive social identity by discriminating against or differentiating from outgroups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 13, 389-397.
52. Reed, J. G., & Baxter, P. M. (1994). Using reference databases. In H. Cooper & L. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 71-83). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
53. * Robins, E. M., & Foster, D. (1994). Social identity versus personal identity: An investigation into the interaction of group and personal status with collective self-esteem on ingroup favouritism. South African Journal of Psychology, 24, 115-121.
54. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
55. Rosenthal, R. (1979). The "file-drawer problem" and tolerance for null results. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 638-641.
56. Rubin, M., & Hewstone, M. (1998). Social identity theory's self-esteem hypothesis: A review and some suggestions for clarification. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 2, 40-62.
57. * Ruttenberg, J., Zea, M. C., & Sigelman, C. K. (1996). Collective identity and intergroup prejudice among Jewish and Arab students in the United States. Journal of Social Psychology, 136, 209-220.
58. * Seta, C. E., & Seta, J. J. (1992). Observers and participants in an intergroup setting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 629-643.
59. * Seta J. J., & Seta, C. E. (1996). Big fish in small ponds: A social hierarchy analysis of intergroup bias. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 1210-1221.
60. * Sidanius, J., Pratto, F., & Mitchell, M. (1994). In-group identification, social dominance orientation, and differential intergroup social allocation. Journal of Social Psychology, 134, 151-167.
61. * Smith, H. J., & Tyler, T. R. (1997). Choosing the right pond: The impact of group membership on self-esteem and group-oriented behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 33, 146-170.
62. Tajfel, H. (1982). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 33, 1-30.
63. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1979). An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worchel (Eds.), The social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 33-47). Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole.
64. * Thompson, L. L., & Crocker, J. (1990). Downward social comparison in the minimal intergroup situation: A test of a self-enhancement interpretation. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 20, 1166-1184.
65. Tice, D. M. (1993). The social motivations of people with low self-esteem. In R. F. Baumeister (Ed.), Self-esteem: The puzzle of low self-regard (pp. 37-54). New York: Plenum.
66. Tropp, L. R., & Wright, S. C. (1999). Assessing the inclusion of the ingroup in the self. Manuscript submitted for publication.
67. Turner, J. C. (1999). Some current issues in research on social identity and self categorization theory. In N. Ellemers, R. Spears, & B. Doosje (Eds.), Social identity (pp. 6-34). Oxford, England: Blackwell.
68. * Verkuyten, M. (1997). Intergroup evaluation and self-esteem motivations: Self-enhancement and self-protection. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 115-119.
69. Wills, T. A. (1981). Downward comparison principles in social psychology. Psychological Bulletin, 90, 245-271.
70. Wills, T. A. (1991). Similarity and downward comparison. In J. Suls & T. Wills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 51-78). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
71. Wood, J. V., Giordano-Beech, M., Taylor, K. L., Michela, J. L., & Gaus, V. (1994). Strategies of social comparison among people with low self-esteem: Self-protection and self-enhancement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 713-731.
72. * Wright, C. L., & Wyer, N. A. (1997, May). Identification moderates intergroup biases. Poster session presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Washington, DC.