Treatment of pain in severe burns

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology

Volumn 1, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 329-335

  Gallagher, Geraldine ^a   Rae, Colin P ^a   Kinsella, John ^a  

^a GLASGOW ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT;

BANDAGE; BURN; COGNITIVE THERAPY; HUMAN; PAIN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW;

ANALGESICS, OPIOID; ANESTHETICS; BANDAGES; BURNS; COGNITIVE THERAPY; HUMANS; PAIN; RESUSCITATION;

EID: 0034332455     PISSN: 11750561     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00128071-200001060-00001     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Scott JR, Watson SB. Surgical management of burns. In: Kinsella J, editor. Balliere's clinical anaesthesiology: burns. London: Balliere Tindall, 1997; 11 (3): 473-4
2. Williams EE, Griffiths TA. Psychological consequences of burn injury. Burns 1991; 17: 478-80
3. Taal LA, Faber AW. Post-traumatic stress, pain and anxiety in adult burn victims. Burns 1997; 23: 545-9
4. Ptacek JT, Patterson DR, Montgomery BK, et al. Pain, coping, and adjustment in patients with burns: preliminary findings from a prospective study. J Pain Symptom Manage 1995; 10: 446-55
5. Choiniere M, Melzack R, Rondeau J, et al. The pain of burns: characteristics and correlates. J Trauma 1989; 29 (11): 1531-9
6. Van-der-Does AJ. Patients' and nurses' ratings of pain and anxiety during burn wound care. Pain 1989; 39: 95-101
7. Pedersen JL, Kehlet H. Hyperalgesia in a human model of acute inflammatory pain: a methodological study. Pain 1998; 74: 139-51
8. Pedersen JL, Andersen OK, Arendt-Nielsen L, et al. Hyperalgesia and temporal summation of pain after heat injury in man. Pain 1998; 74: 189-97
9. Imokawa H, Ando K, Kubota T, et al. Study on the kinetics of bradykinin level in the wound produced by thermal injury in the ear burn model in mice. Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1992; 99: 445-50
10. Coderre TJ, Melzack R. Cutaneous hyperalgesia: contribution of peripheral and central mechanisms to the increase in pain sensitivity after injury. Brain Res 1987; 404: 95-106
11. Atchison NE, Osgood PF, Carr DB, et al. Pain during burn dressing change in children: relationship to burn area, depth and analgesic regimens. Pain 1991; 47: 41-5
12. Osgood PF, Szyfelbein SK. Management of burn pain in children. Pediatr Clin North Am 1989; 36: 1001-13
13. Ma Q-P, Woolf CJ. Progressive tactile hypersensitivity: an inflammation induced incremental increase in the excitability of the spinal cord. Pain 1996; 67: 97-106
14. Thomson SWN, King AE, Woolf CJ. Activity dependent changes in rat ventral horn neurons in vitro; summation of prolonged afferent evoked post-synaptic depolarisations produce a D-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid sensitive wind-up. Eur J Neurosci 1990; 2: 638-49
15. Raja SN, Campbell JN, Meyer RA. Evidence for different mechanisms of primary and secondary hyperalgesia following heat injury to the glaborous skin. Brain 1984; 107: 1178-88
16. Dahl JB, Brennum J, Arendt-Nielsen L, et al. The effect of pre-versus postinjury infiltration with lidocaine on thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia after heat injury to the skin. Pain 1993; 53: 43-51
17. Pedersen JL, Callesen T, Moiniche S, et al. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of lignocaine-prilocaine (EMLA) cream in human burn injury. Br J Anaesth 1996; 76: 806-10
18. Moiniche S, Dahl JB, Kehlet H. Peripheral antinociceptive effects of morphine after burn injury. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1993; 37: 710-2
19. Raja SN, Campbell JN, Meyer RA, et al. Role of kinins in pain and hyperalgesia: psychophysical studies in a patient with kininogen deficiency. Clin Sci 1992; 83: 337-41
20. Jun JH, Yaksh TL. The effect of intrathecal gabapentin and 3-isobutyl gamma-aminobutyric acid on the hyperalgesia observed after thermal injury in the rat. Anesth Analg 1998; 86: 348-54
21. Ilkjaer S, Dirks J, Brennum J, et al. Effect of systemic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (dextromethorphan) on primary and secondary hyperalgesia in humans. Br J Anaesth 1997; 79: 600-5
22. Ilkjaer S, Petersen KL, Brennum J, et al. Effect of systemic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist (ketamine) on primary and secondary hyperalgesia in humans. Br J Anaesth 1996; 76: 829-34
23. Melzack R. The McGill pain questionnaire: major properties and scoring methods. Pain 1975; 1 (3): 277-99
24. Choiniere M, Melzack R, Girard N, et al. Comparisons between patients' and nurses' assessment of pain and medication efficacy in severe burn injuries. Pain 1990; 40: 143-52
25. Choiniere M, Auger F, Letarjet J. Visual analogue thermometer: a valid and useful instrument for measuring pain in burned patients. Burns 1994; 20: 229-36
26. Geisser ME, Bingham HG, Robinson ME. Pain and anxiety during burn dressing changes: concordance between patients' and nurses' ratings and relation to medication administration and patient variables. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995; 16: 165-71
27. Perry SW. Undermedication for pain in a burn unit. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1984; 6 (4): 308-16
28. Davies JW. Prompt cooling of burned areas: a review of benefits and the effector mechanisms. Burns Incl Therm Inj 1982; 9 (1): 1-6
29. Alexander L, Wolman R, Blache C, et al. Use of morphine sulfate (MS Contin) in patients with burns: a pilot study. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992; 13: 581-3
30. Braam MJ, Bath AP, Spauwen PH, et al. Survey of analgesia regimens in burns centres in the UK. Burns 1994; 20: 360-2
31. Herman RA, Veng-Pedersen P, Miotto J, et al. Pharmacokinetics of morphine sulfate in patients with burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1994; 15: 95-103
32. Kinsella J, Glavin R, Reid. WH Patient controlled analgesia in burn patients. Burns 1988; 14: 500-3
33. Choiniere M, Grenier R, Paquette C. Patient-controlled analgesia: a double-blind study in burn patients. Anaesth 1992; 47: 467-72
34. Perry S, Heidrich Management of pain during debridement. Pain 1982; 13: 267-80
35. Concilus R, Denson DD, Knarr D, et al. Continuous intravenous infusion of methadone for control of burn pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 406-9
36. Sheridan RL, McEttrick M, Bacha G, et al. Midazolam infusion in pediatric patients with burns who are undergoing mechanical ventilation. J Burn Care Rehabil 1994; 15: 515-8
37. Patterson DR, Ptacek JT, Carrougher GJ, et al. Lorazepam as an adjunct to opioid analgesics in the treatment of burn pain. Pain 1997; 72: 367-74
38. Gaukroger PB, Chapman MJ, Davey RB. Pain control in paediatric burns - the use of patient controlled analgesia. Burns 1991; 17: 396-9
39. Shir Y, Shenkman Z, Shavelson V, et al. Oral methadone for the treatment of severe pain in hospitalised children. Clin J Pain 1998; 14 (4): 277-9
40. Sim KM, Hwang NC, Chan YW, et al. Use of patient-controlled analgesia with alfentanil for burns dressing procedures: a preliminary report of five patients. Burns 1996; 22: 238-41
41. Sharar SR, Bratton SL, Carrougher GJ, et al. A comparison of oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate and oral hydromorphone for inpatient pediatric burn wound care analgesia. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1998; Nov-Dec; 19 (6): 516-21
42. Chambers JA, Guly HR. Prehospital intravenous nalbuphine administered by paramedics. Resuscitation 1994; 27: 153-8
43. Lee JJ, Marvin JA, Heimbach DM. Effectiveness of nalbuphine for relief of burn debridement pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 241-6
44. Patterson DR. Non-opioid-based approaches to burn pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995; 16: 372-6
45. Foertsch CE, O'Hara MW, Kealey GP, et al. A quasi-experimental, dual-center study of morphine efficacy in patients with burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1995; 16: 118-26
46. Honari S, Patterson DR, Gibbons J, et al. Comparison of pain control medication in three age groups of elderly patients. J Burn Care Rehabil 1997; 18: 500-4
47. Collins HW, Jonsson CE, Ericsson F. Impairment of renal function after treatment of a burn patient with diclofenac, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug. Burns 1995; 21: 471-3
48. Tran HT, Ackerman BH, Wardius PA, et al. Intravenous ketorolac for pain management in a ventilator-dependent patient with thermal injury. Pharmacotherapy 1996; 16: 75-8
49. Lyons B, Casey W, Doherty P, et al. Pain relief with low-dose intravenous clonidine in a child with severe burns. Intensive Care Med 1996; 22: 249-51
50. Viggiano M, Badetti C, Roux F, et al. Controlled analgesia in a burn patient: fentanyl sparing effect of clonidine. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1998; 17 (1): 19-26
51. Fewtrell MS, Sapsford DJ, Herrick MJ, et al. Continuous axillary nerve block for chronic pain. Arch Dis Child 1994; 70: 54-5
52. Brofeldt BT, Cornwell P, Doherty D, et al. Topical lidocaine in the treatment of partial-thickness burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1989; 10: 63-8
53. Jonsson A, Cassuto J, Hanson B. Inhibition of burn pain by intravenous lignocaine infusion. Lancet 1991; 20: 338 (8760): 151-2
54. Laird SM, Gray BM. Intemittent inhalation of methoxyflurane and trichloroethylene as analgesics for burn dressing procedures. Br J Anaesth 1971; 43: 149-59
55. Filkins SA, Cosgrave P, Marvin JA. Self administered anaesthetic: a method of pain control. J Burn Pain Rehabil 1981; 2: 33-4
56. Firn S. Enflurane analgesia. J R Soc Med 1982; 75 (S1): 36-8
57. Patterson DR, Questad KA, de-Lateur BJ. Hypnotherapy as an adjunct to narcotic analgesia for the treatment of pain for burn debridement. Am J Clin Hypnosis 1989; 31 (3): 156-63
58. Van-der-Does AJ, Van-Dyck R. Does hypnosis contribute to the care of burn patients? Review of the evidence. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1989; 11 (2): 119-24
59. Everett JJ, Patterson DR, Burns GL, et al. Adjunctive interventions for burn pain control: comparison of hypnosis and ativan: the 1993 Clinical Research Award. J Burn Care Rehabil 1993; 14 (6): 676-83
60. Patterson DR, Adcock RJ, Bombardier CH. Factors predicting hypnotic analgesia in clinical burn pain. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 1997; 45 (4): 377-95
61. Gilboa D, Borenstein A, Seidman DS, et al. Burn patients' use of autohypnosis: making a painful experience bearable. Burns 1990; 16 (6): 441-4
62. Lewis SM, Clelland JA, Knowles CJ, et al. Effects of auricular acupuncture-like transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on pain levels following wound care in patients with burns: a pilot study. J Burn Care Rehabil 1990; 11 (4): 322-9
63. Turner JG, Clark AJ, Gauthier DK, et al. The effect of therapeutic touch on pain and anxiety in burn patients. J Adv Nurs 1998; 28 (1): 10-20
64. Field T, Peck M, Krugman S, et al. Burn injuries benefit from massage therapy. J Burn Care Rehabil 1998; 19 (3): 241-4
65. Miller AC, Hickman LC, Lemasters GK. A distraction technique for control of burn pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992; 13 (5): 576-80
66. Blew AF, Patterson DR, Quested KA. Frequency of use and rated effectiveness of cognitive and behavioural coping responses to burn pain. Burns 1989; 15 (1): 20-2
67. Patterson DR. Practical applications of psychological techniques in controlling burn pain. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992; 13 (1): 13-8
68. George A, Hancock J. Reducing pediatric burn pain with parent participation. J Burn Care Rehabil 1993; 14 (1): 104-7
69. Foertsch CE, O'Hara MW, Stoddard FJ, et al. Treatment-resistant pain and distress during pediatric burn-dressing changes. J Burn Care Rehabil 1998; 19 (3): 219-24
70. Watkins PN, Cook EL, May SR, et al. The role of the psychiatrist in the team treatment of the adult patient with burns. J Burn Care Rehabil 1992; 13 (1): 19-27
71. Subrahmanyam M. Topical application of honey in treatment of burns. Br J Surg 1991; 78 (4): 497-8
72. Gerding RL, Emerman CL, Effron D, et al. Outpatient management of partial-thickness burns: biobrane versus 1% silver sulfadiazine. Annals Emerg Med 1990; 19 (2): 121-4
73. Smith Jr DJ, Thomson PD, Garner WL, et al. Burn wounds: infection and healing. Am J Surg 1994; 167 (1A): 46S-8S