Endocranial capacity in Sts 71 (Australopithecus africanus) by three- dimensional computed tomography

Anatomical Record

Volumn 258, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 391-396

  Conroy, Glenn C ^a   Falk, Dean ^b   Guyer, John ^b   Weber, Gerhard W ^c   Seidler, Horst ^c   Recheis, Wolfgang ^d  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^d UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK   (Austria)

Author keywords

Australopithecus; Brain size; CT imaging; Hominid evolution

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN SIZE; CHIMPANZEE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DURA MATER; EVOLUTION; HOMINID; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THREE DIMENSIONAL IMAGING;

ANIMALS; BRAIN; EVOLUTION; HOMINIDAE; HUMANS; SKULL; SOUTH AFRICA; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED;

AUSTRALOPITHECUS; AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFRICANUS; HOMINIDAE; PAN (APE); PAN TROGLODYTES;

EID: 0034176954     PISSN: 0003276X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(20000401)258:4<391::AID-AR7>3.0.CO;2-R     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Ashton E, Spence T. 1958. Age changes in the cranial capacity and foramen magnum of hominoids. Proc Zool Soc Lond 130:169-181.
2. Broom R, Robinson J. 1950. Further evidence of the structure of the Sterkfontein ape-man Plesianthropus. Mem Transvaal Mus 4:11-83.
3. Brown B, Walker A, Ward CV, Leakey RE. 1993. New Australopithecus boisei calvaria from East Lake Turkana, Kenya. Am J Phys Anthropol 91:137-159.
4. Clarke RJ. 1994. Advances in understanding the craniofacial anatomy of South African early hominids. In: Corruccini RS, Ciochon RL, editors. Integrative paths to the past. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. p 205-222.
5. Conroy G, Vannier M, Tobias P. 1990. Endocranial features of Australopithecus africanus revealed by 2-and 3-D computed tomography. Science 247:838-841.
6. Conroy G, Weber G, Seidler H, Tobias P, Kane A, Brunsden B. 1998. Endocranial capacity in an early hominid cranium from Sterkfonetin, South Africa. Science 280:1730-1731.
7. Conroy GC, Mahoney C. 1991. A mixed longitudinal study of dental emergence in the chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes, (Primates, Pongidae). Am J Phys Anthropol 86:243-254.
8. Conroy GC, Vannier MW. 1985. Endocranial volume determination of matrix filled fossil skulls using high resolution computed tomography. In: Tobias PV, editor. Hominid evolution: Past, present and future. New York: Alan R. Liss. p 419-426.
9. Conroy GC, Vannier MW. 1991a. Dental development in South African australopithecines Part II: dental stage assessment. Am J Phys Anthrop 86:137-156.
10. Conroy GC, Vannier MW. 1991b. Dental development in South African australopithecines: Part I: problems of pattern and chronology. Am J Phys Anthropol 86:121-136.
11. Culotta E. 1999. Anthropologists probe bones, stones, and molecules. Science 284:1109.
12. de Heinzelin J, Clark J, White T, Hart W, Renne P, WoldeGabriel G, Beyene Y, Vrba E. 1999. Environment and behavior of 2.5-million-year-old Bouri hominids. Science 284:625-629.
13. Falk D. 1998. Hominid brain evolution: looks can be deceiving. Science 280:1714.
14. Falk D. 1999. Brain evolution in gracile australopithecines: was A. africanus the mother of us all? Am J Phys Anthropol Suppl 28:126.
15. Falk D, Guyer J, Redmond J, Conroy G, Recheis W, Weber G, Seidler H (in press). Early hominid brain evolution: a new look at old endocasts. J Hum Evol
16. Holloway R. 1970a. Australopithecine endocast (Taung specimen, 1924): a new volume determination. Science 168:966-968.
17. Holloway R. 1970b. New endocranial values for the australopithecines. Nature 227:199-200.
18. Holloway R. 1972a. Australopithecine endocasts, brain evolution in the Hominoidea, and a model of hominid evolution. In: Tuttle R, editor. Functional and evolutionary biology of primates. Chicago: Aldine. p 185-203.
19. Holloway R. 1972b. New australopithecine endocast, SK 1585, from Swartkrans, South Africa. Am J Phys Anthropol 37:173-186.
20. Holloway R. 1981. The endocast of the OMO L338y-6 juvenile hominid: gracile or robust Australopithecus? Am J Phys Anthropol 54:109-118.
21. Holloway R. 1988a. Brain. In: Tattersall I, Delson E, van Couvering J, editor. Encyclopedia of human evolution and prehistory. New York: Garland. p 98-105.
22. Holloway R. 1988b. "Robust" australopithecine brain endocasts: Some preliminary observations. In: Grine F, editor. Evolutionary history of the "Robust" australopithecines. New York: Aldine de Gruyter. p 97-105.
23. Holloway R. 1999. Hominid brain volume. Science 283:34.
24. Kuykendall K, Mahoney C, Conroy G. 1992. Probit and survival analysis of tooth emergence ages in a mixed-longitudinal sample of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Am J Phys Anthropol 89:379-399.
25. Roche H, Delagnes A, Brugal J-P, Feibel C, Kibunjia M, Mourre V, Texier P-J. 1999. Early hominid stone tool production and technical skill 2.34 Myr ago in West Turkana, Kenya. Nature 399:57-60.
26. Schepers G. 1950. The brain casts of the recently discovered Plesianthropus skulls. Mem Transvaal Mus 4:89-117.
27. Seidler H, Falk D, Stringer C, Wilfing H, Müller G, zur Nedden D, Weber G, Reicheis W, Arsuaga J-L. 1997. A comparative study of stereolithographically modelled skulls of Petralona and Broken Hill: implications for future studies of middle Pleistocene hominid evolution. J Hum Evol 33:691-703.
28. Tobias P. 1967. Olduvai gorge. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
29. Vrba E. 1982. Biostratigraphy and chronology, based particularly on Bovidae of southern African hominid-associated assemblages: Makapansgat, Sterkfontein, Taung, Kromdraai, Swarkrans: also Elandsfontein, Broken Hill and Cave of Hearths. Pretirage, 1er-Cong. Internat. Paleontol Hum. Nic: CNRS 707-752.
30. Walker A, Leakey R, Harris J, Brown F. 1986. 2.5 Myr Australopithecus boisei from west of Lake Turkana, Kenya. Nature 322:517-522.
31. Weber G, Recheis W, Seidler H, Scholze T. 1998. 'Virtual anthropology' - methodological aspects of measurements. Am J Phys Anthropol Supp 26:228-229.
32. Zollikofer C, Ponce de León M, Martin R. 1998. Computer-assisted paleoanthropology. Evol Anthropol 6:41-54.