Georgian and Kurd mtDNA sequence analysis shows a lack of correlation between languages and female genetic lineages

American Journal of Physical Anthropology

Volumn 112, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 5-16

  Comas, David ^a   Calafell, Francesc ^a   Bendukidze, Nina ^b   Fañanás, Lourdes ^c   Bertranpetit, Jaume ^a  

^a UNIVERSITAT POMPEU FABRA   (Spain)

^b INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE   (Czech Republic)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA;

ARTICLE; CAUCASIAN; DNA SEQUENCE; GENE POOL; GENETIC LINKAGE; GENETIC MARKER; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HUMAN; LANGUAGE; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE;

ADULT; BASE SEQUENCE; DNA, MITOCHONDRIAL; EUROPE; EUROPEAN CONTINENTAL ANCESTRY GROUP; FEMALE; GENE POOL; GENETIC MARKERS; GEORGIA (REPUBLIC); HUMANS; LANGUAGE; LINKAGE (GENETICS); MALE; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA;

EID: 0034102370     PISSN: 00029483     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(200005)112:1<5::AID-AJPA2>3.0.CO;2-Z     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Ammerman AJ, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1984. The Neolithic transition and the genetics of populations in Europe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
2. Anderson S, Bankier AT, Barrell BG, De Bruijn MH, Coulson AR, Sanger F, Schreier PH, Smith AJH, Staden R, Young G. 1981. Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome. Nature 290:457-465.
3. Bandelt HJ, Forster P, Sykes B, Richards MB. 1995. Mitochondrial portraits of human populations using median networks. Genetics 141:743-753.
4. Barbujani G, Pilastro A. 1993. Genetic evidence on origin and dispersal of human populations speaking languages of the Nostratic family. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:4670-4673.
5. Barbujani G, Whitehead GN, Bertorelle G, Nasidze IS. 1994. Testing hypotheses on processes of genetic and linguistic change in the Caucasus. Hum Biol 66:843-864.
6. Barbujani G, Bertorelle G, Chikhi L. 1998. Evidence for Paleolithic and Neolithic gene flow in Europe. Am J Hum Genet 62:488-491.
7. Bertorelle G, Bertranpetit J, Calafell F, Nasidze I, Barbujani G. 1995. Do Basque-and Caucasian-speaking populations share non-Indoeuropean ancestors? Eur J Hum Genet 3:256-263.
8. Bertranpetit J, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1991. A genetic reconstruction of the history of the population of the Iberian Peninsula. Ann Hum Genet 55:51-67.
9. Bertranpetit J, Sala J, Calafell F, Underhill P, Moral P, Comas D. 1995. Human mitochondrial DNA variation and the origin of the Basques. Ann Hum Genet 59: 63-81.
10. Cabot EL. 1988. ESEE: the eyeball sequence editor, version 1.06. Burnaby: University of British Columbia.
11. Calafell F, Bertranpetit J. 1994. Principal component analysis of gene frequencies and the origin of Basques. Am J Phys Anthropol 93:201-215.
12. Calafell F, Underhill P, Tolun A, Angelicheva D, Kalaydjieva L. 1996. From Asia to Europe: mitochondrial DNA sequence variability in Bulgarians and Turks. Ann Hum Genet 60:35-49.
13. Calderón R, Vidales C, Pena JA, Miranda A, Dugoujon JM. 1998. Immunoglobulin allotypes (GM and KM) in Basques from Spain: approach to the origin of the Basque population. Hum Biol 70:667-698.
14. Cappello N, Rendine S, Griffo R, Mameli GE, Succa V, Vona G, Piazza A. 1996. Genetic analysis of Sardinia: I. Data on 12 polymorphisms in 21 linguistic domains. Ann Hum Genet 60:125-141.
15. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Minch E. 1997. Paleolithic and Neolithic lineages in the European mitochondrial gene pool. Am J Hum Genet 61:247-251.
16. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Piazza A, Menozzi P, Mountain JL. 1988. Reconstruction of human evolution: bringing together genetic, archaeological and linguistic data. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:6002-6006.
17. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Menozzi P, Piazza A. 1993. Demic expansions and human evolution. Science 259:639-646.
18. Cavalli-Sforza LL, Menozzi P, Piazza A. 1994. History and geography of human genes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
19. Comas D, Calafell F, Mateu E, Pérez-Lezaun A, Bertranpetit J. 1996. Geographic variation in human mtDNA control region sequence: the population history of Turkey and its relationship to European populations. Mol Biol Evol 13:1067-1077.
20. Comas D, Calafell F, Mateu E, Pérez-Lezaun A, Bosch E, Martínez-Arias R, Clarimón J, Facchini F, Fiori G, Luiselli D, Pettener D, Bertranpetit J. 1998. Trading genes along the Silk Road: mtDNA sequences and the origin of Central Asian populations. Am J Hum Genet 63:1824-1838.
21. Côrte-Real HBSM, Macaulay V, Richards MB, Hariti G, Issad MS, Cambon-Thomsen A, Papiha SS, Bertranpetit J, Sykes B. 1996. Genetic diversity in the Iberian Peninsula determined from mitochondrial sequence analysis. Ann Hum Genet 60:331-350.
22. Di Rienzo A, Wilson AC. 1991. Branching pattern in the evolutionary tree for human mitochondrial DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:1597-1601.
23. Efron B. 1982. The jacknife, the bootstrap and other resampling plans. Philadelphia: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.
24. Excoffier L. 1990. Evolution of human mitochondrial DNA: evidence for departure from a pure neutral model of populations at equilibrium. J Mol Evol 30: 125-139.
25. Francalacci P, Bertranpetit J, Calafell F, Underbill P. 1996. Sequence diversity of the control region of mitochondrial DNA in Tuscany and its implications for the peopling of Europe. Am J Phys Anthropol 100: 443-460.
26. Gamkrelidze TV, Ivanov VV. 1990. The early history of Indo-European languages. Sci Am 262:82-88.
27. Gower JC. 1966. Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53:325-338.
28. Handt O, Richards M, Trommsdorff M, Kilger C, Simanainen J, Georgiev O, Bauer K, Stone A, Hedges R, Schaffner W, Utermann G, Sykes B, Pääbo S. 1994. Molecular genetic analysis of the Tyrolean Ice Man. Science 264:1775-1778.
29. Horai S, Murayama K, Hayasaka K, Matsubayashi S, Hattori Y, Fucharoen G, Harihara S, Park KS, Omoto K, Pan IH. 1996. MtDNA polymorphism in East Asian populations, with special reference to the peopling of Japan. Am J Hum Genet 59:579-590.
30. Kolman CJ, Sambuughin N, Bermingham E. 1996. Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Mongolian populations and implications for the origin of New World founders. Genetics 142:1321-1334.
31. Lafon R. 1951. Concordances morphologiques entre le basque et les langues caucasiques. Word 7:227-244.
32. Macaulay V, Richards M, Hikey E, Vega E, Cruciani F, Guida V, Scozzari R, Bonné-Tamir B, Sykes B, Torroni A. 1999. The emerging tree of West Eurasian mtDNAs: a synethesis of control-region sequences and RFLPs. Am J Hum Genet 64:232-249.
33. Mateu E, Comas D, Calafell F, Pérez-Lezaun A, Bertranpetit J. 1997. A tale of two islands: population history and and mitochondrial DNA sequences of Bioko and Sâo Tomé, Gulf of Guinea. Ann Hum Genet 61:507-518.
34. Mountain JL, Hebert SS, Bhattacharyya P, Underbill P, Ottolenghi C, Gadgil M, Cavalli-Sforza LL. 1995. Demographic history of India and mitochondrial DNA sequence diversity. Am J Hum Genet 56:979-992.
35. Nachman MW, Brown WM, Stcneking M, Aquadro CF. 1996. Nonneutral mitochondrial DNA variation in humans and chimpanzees. Genetics 142:953-963.
36. Nasidze IS, Salamatina NV. 1996. Genetic characteristics of the Georgian population. Gene Geogr 10:105-112.
37. Nei M. 1987. Molecular evolutionary genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.
38. Pérez-Lezaun A, Calafell F, Comas D, Mateu E, Bosch E, Martínez-Arias R, Clarimón J. Fiori G, Luiselli D, Facchini F, Pettener D, Bertranpetit J. 1999. Sex-specific migration patterns in Central Asian populations revealed by the analysis of Y-chromosome STRs and mtDNA. Am J Hum Genet 65:208-219.
39. Piazza A. 1993. Who are the Europeans? Science 260: 1767-1769.
40. Piercy R, Sullivan KM, Benson N, Gill P. 1993. The application of mitochondrial DNA typing to the study of white Caucasian genetic identification. Int J Leg Med 106:85-90.
41. Pinto F, González AM, Hernández M, Larruga JM, Cabrera VM. 1996. Genetic relationship between the Canary Islanders and their African and Spanish ancestors inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Ann Hum Genet 60:321-330.
42. Poloni ES, Semino O, Passarino G, Santachiara-Benerecetti AS, Dupanloup I, Langaney A, Excoffier L. 1997. Human genetic affinities for Y-chromosome P49a,f/TaqI haplotypes show strong correspondence with linguistics. Am J Hum Genet 61:1015-1035.
43. Pult I, Sajantila A, Simanainen J, Georgiev O, Schaffner W, Pääbo S. 1994. Mitochondrial DNA sequences from Switzerland reveal striking homogeneity of European populations. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler 375:837-840.
44. Rao CR. 1982. Diversity and dissimilarity coefficients: a unified approach. Theor Pop Biol 21:24-43.
45. Renfrew C. 1987. Archaeology and language. The puzzle of Indo-European origins. London: Jonathan Cape.
46. Renfrew C. 1991. Before Babel: speculations on the origins of linguistic diversity. Camb Archaeol J 1:3-23.
47. Richards M, Côrte-Real H, Forster P, Macaulay V, Wilkinson-Herbots H, Demaine A, Papiha S, Hedges R, Bandelt HJ, Sykes B. 1996. Paleolithic and Neolithic lineages in the European mitochondrial gene pool. Am J Hum Genet 59:185-203.
48. Ruhlen M. 1991. A guide to the world's languages, 2nd ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
49. Saitou N, Nei M. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406-425.
50. Sajantila A, Lahermo P, Anttinen T, Lukka M, Sistonen P, Savontaus ML, Aula P, Beckman L, Tranebjaerg L, Gedde-Dahl T, Issel-Tarver L, Di Rienzo A, Pääbo S. 1995. Genes and languages in Europe: an analysis of mitochondrial lineages. Genet Res 5:45-52.
51. Salem AH, Badr FM, Gaballah MF, Pääbo S. 1996. The genetics of traditional living: Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial lineages in the Sinai Peninsula. Am J Hum Genet 59:741-743.
52. Scozzari R, Cruciani F, Malaspina P, Santolamazza P, Ciminelli BM, Torroni A, Modiano D, Wallace DC, Kidd KK, Olckers A, Moral P, Terrenato L, Akar N, Qamar R, Mansoor A, Mehdi SQ, Meloni G, Vona G, Cole DEC, Cai W, Novelletto A. 1997. Differential structuring of human populations for homologous X and Y microsatellite loci. Am J Hum Genet 61:719-733.
53. Shields GF, Schmiechen AM, Frazier BL, Redd A, Voevoda MI, Redd JK, Ward RH. 1993. mtDNA sequences suggest a recent evolutionary divergence for Beringian and northern North American populations. Am J Hum Genet 53:549-562.
54. Sokal RR, Oden NL, Wilson L. 1991. Genetic evidence for the spread of agriculture in Europe by demie diffusion. Nature 351:143-145.
55. Stenico M, Nigro L, Bertorelle G, Calafell F, Capitanio MA, Corrain C, Barbujani G. 1996. High mitochondrial sequence diversity in two linguistic isolates of the Alps. Am J Hum Genet 59:1363-1375.
56. Tajima F. 1989. Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics 123:585-595.
57. Templeton AR. 1996. Contingency tests of neutrality using intra/interspecific gene trees: the rejection of neutrality for the evolution of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II gene in the hominoid primates. Genetics 144:1263-1270.
58. Torroni A, Schurr TG, Cabell MF, Brown MD, Neel JV, Larsen M, Smith DG, Vullo CM, Wallace DC. 1993. Asian affinities and continental radiation of the four founding Native American mtDNAs. Am J Hum Genet 53:563-590.
59. Torroni A, Huoponen K, Francalacci P, Petrozzi M, Morelli L, Scozzari R, Obinu D, Savontaus ML, Wallace DC. 1996. Classification of European mtDNAs from an analysis of three European populations. Genetics 144:1835-1850.
60. Torroni A, Bandelt HJ, D'Urbano L, Lahermo P, Moral P, Sellitto D, Rengo C, Forster P, Savontaus ML, Bonné-Tamir B, Scozzari R. 1998. mtDNA analysis reveal a major late Paleolithic population expansion from Southwestern to Northeastern Europe. Am J Hum Genet 62:1137-1152.
61. Vigilant L, Pennington R, Harpending H, Kocher TD, Wilson AC. 1991. Mitocohondrial DNA sequences in single hairs from a Southern African population. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:9350-9354.
62. Wise CA, Sraml M, Easteal S. 1998. Departure from neutrality at the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene in humans, but not in chimpanzees. Genetics 148:409-421.
63. Wixman R. 1984. The peoples of the USSR. An ethnographic handbook. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc.