Francisella tularensis does not manifest virulence in viable but non-culturable state

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

Volumn 31, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 217-224

  Forsman, Mats ^a   Henningson, Eva W ^a   Larsson, Eva ^a   Johansson, Thorsten ^a   Sandström, Gunnar ^a,b  

^a SWEDISH DEFENCE RESEARCH AGENCY   (Sweden)

^b UMEÅ UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Francisella tularensis; Monoclonal antibody; Nalidixic acid; Rhodamine 123; Survival; Tularemia; Water

Indexed keywords

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; NALIDIXIC ACID; RHODAMINE 123;

BACTERIAL DISEASE; BACTERIUM; NICHE;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; CELL VIABILITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; FLUORESCENCE; FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS; LYMPHOCYTE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESUSCITATION; T LYMPHOCYTE; TULAREMIA;

EID: 0034054799     PISSN: 01686496     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-6496(99)00100-2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Mörner, T. and Sandström, G. (1997) Tularemia. In: Manual of Standards for Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines, 3rd edn., Chapter 3.7.2. Office International des Epizooties, Paris.
2. Olsufiev N.G., Emelyanova O.S., Dunaeva T.N. Comparative studies of strains of B. tularense in the Old and New World and their taxonomy. J. Hyg. Epidemiol. Microbiol. Immunol. (Prague). 3:1959;138-149.
3. Jantzen E., Berdal B.P., Omland T. Cellular fatty acid composition of Francisella tularensis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 10:1979;928-930.
4. Forsman M., Sandstrom G., Jaurin B. Identification of Francisella species and discrimination of type A and type B strains of F. tularensis by 16S rRNA analysis. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:1990;949-955.
5. Jellison, W.L. (1974) Tularemia in North America 1930-1974. University of Montana, Missoula, MT.
6. Tärnvik A. Nature of protective immunity to Francisella tularensis. Rev. Infect. Dis. 11:1989;440-451.
7. Mitscherlich, E. and Marth, E.H. (1984) Microbial Survival in the Environment, pp. 741-742. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
8. Parker, R.R., Steinhaus, E.A., Kohls, G.M. and Jellison, W. (1951) Contamination of natural waters and mud with Pasteurella tularensis and tularemia in beavers and muskrats in the north-western United states. National Institute of Health Bulletin, No. 193. Rocky Montain Laboratory, Hamilton, MT.
9. Gibby I.W., Nicholes P.S., Tamura J.T., Foshay L. The effects of an extract of blood cells upon the cultivation of Bacterium tularense in liquid media. J. Bacteriol. 55:1948;855-863.
10. Dahlstrand S., Ringertz O., Zetterberg B. Airborne tularemia in Sweden. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 3:1971;7-16.
11. Cristenson B. An outbreak of tularemia in the northern part of central Sweden. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 16:1984;285-290.
12. Syrjälä H., Kujala P., Myllyla V., Salminen A. Airborne transmission of tularemia in farmers. Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 17:1985;371-375.
13. Luotonen J., Syrjala H., Jokinen K., Sutinen S., Salminen A. Tularemia in otolaryngologic practice. An analysis of 127 cases. Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 112:1986;77-80.
14. Wills P.I., Gedosh E.A., Nichols D.R., Smith F. Head and neck manifestations of tularemia. Laryngoscope. 92:1982;770-773.
15. Pollitzer, R. (1967) History and incidence of tularemia in the Soviet Union. A review. The Institute of Contemporary Russian Studies, Fordham University, New York.
16. Scharer J.M., Klein F., Lincoln R.E. Growth and metabolism of live vaccine strain of Pasturella tularensis. Appl. Microbiol. 16:1968;855-861.
17. Chamberlain R.E. Evaluation of live tularemia vaccine prepared in a chemically defined medium. Appl. Microbiol. 13:1965;232-235.
18. Henningsson E., Lundquist M., Larsson E., Sandström G., Forsman M. A comparative study of different methods to determine the total number and the survival of bacteria in aerobiological samples. J. Aerosol Sci. 28:1997;459-469.
19. Henningson W.E., Krocova Z., Sandström G., Forsman M. Flow cytometric assessment of the survival ratio of Francisella tularensis in aerobiological samples. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 25:1998;241-249.
20. Bartilson M., Shingler V. Nucleotide sequences and expression of the catechol catechol 2,3-dioxygenase-encoding gene of phenol-catabolizing Pseudomonas CF600. Gene. 85:1989;233-238.
21. Kogure K., Simidu U., Taga N. A tentative direct microscopic method for counting living marine bacteria. Can. J. Microbiol. 25:1979;415-420.
22. Böyum A. Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 21:(Suppl.):1968;27-50.
23. Sandström G., Löfgren S., Tärnvik A. A capsule deficient mutant of Francisella tularensis LVS exhibits enhanced sensitivity to killing by serum but diminished sensitivity to killing by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Infect. Immun. 56:1988;1194-1202.
24. Sjöstedt A., Sandström G., Tärnvik A. Several membrane polypeptides of the live vaccine strain Francisella tularensis LVS stimulate T cells from naturally infected individuals. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28:1990;43-48.
25. Effendi I., Austin B. Dormant/unculturable cells of fish pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida. Microb. Ecol. 30:1995;183-192.
26. Oliver J.D. The viable but non-culurable state in the human pathogen Vibrio vulnificus. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 133:1995;203-208.
27. Colwell R.R., Rayton P.R., Grimes D.J., Roszak D.B., Hug S.A., Palmer L.M. Viable but not culturable Vibrio cholerae and related pathogen in the environment: implications for release of genetically engineered microorganisms. BioTechniques. 3:1985;817-820.
28. Jones M., Sutcliffe E.M., Curry A. Recovery of viable but non-culturable Campylobacter jejuni. J. Gen. Microbiol. 127:1991;2477-2482.
29. Steinert M., Emody L., Amann R., Hacker J. Resuscitation of viable but nonculturable Legionella pneumphila Philadelphia JR32 by Acanthamoeba castellanii. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1997;2047-2053.
30. Whitesides M.D., Oliver J.D. Resuscitation of Vibrio vulnificus from the viable but nonculturable state. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63:1997;1002-1005.
31. Colwell R.R., Brayton P., Herrington D., Tall B., Huq A., Levine M.M. Viable but non-culturable Vibrio cholerae O1 revert to a cultivable state in the human intestine. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 12:1996;28-31.
32. Mukamolova G.V., Kaprelyants S.A., Young D.L., Young M., Kell D.B. A bacterial cytokine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 95:1998;8916-8921.
33. Oliver J.D., Bockian R. In vivo resuscitation, and virulence towards mice, of viable but nonculturable cells of Vibrio vulnificus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1995;2620-2623.
34. Rollins D.M., Colwell R.R. Viable but nonculturable stage of Campylobacter jejuni and its role in survival in the aquatic environment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 52:1986;531-558.
35. Warner J.M., Oliver J.D. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of starved and viable but nonculturable Vibrio vulnificus cells. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64:1998;3025-3028.
36. Diaper J.P., Tither K., Edwards C. Rapid assessment of bacterial viability by flow cytometry. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 38:1992;268-272.
37. Kaprelyants A.S., Kell D.B. Rapid assessment of bacterial viability and vitality by rhodamine 123 and flow cytometry. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 72:1992;410-422.
38. Bloomfield F.S., Stewart G.S.A.B., Dodd C.E.R., Booth I.R., Power E.G.M. The viable but non-culturable phenomenon explained? Microbiology. 144:1998;1-3.
39. Eigelsbach H.T., Downs C.M. Prophylactic effectiveness of live and killed tularemia vaccines. I. Production of vaccine and evaluation in the white mouse and guinea pig. J. Immunol. 87:1961;413-425.
40. Berdal B.P., Mehl R., Meidell N.K., Lorentzen-Styr A.M., Scheel O. Field investigations of tularemia in Norway. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 13:1996;191-195.