Probing the building blocks of eumelanins using scanning electron microscopy

Pigment Cell Research

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 179-184

  Nofsinger, J Brian ^a   Forest, Susan E ^a,c   Eibest, Leslie M ^a   Gold, Kathryn A ^a   Simon, John D ^a,b  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c PROCTER AND GAMBLE COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

Melanin; Scanning electon microscopy; Sepia officinalis; X ray diffraction

Indexed keywords

EUMELANIN; MELANIN;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; MOLLUSC; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

ANIMALS; MELANINS; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; MOLLUSCA; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

ANIMALIA; MOLLUSCA; SEPIA; SEPIA OFFICINALIS;

EID: 0034049721     PISSN: 08935785     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0749.2000.130310.x     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Chedekel MR. Photophysics and photochemistry of melanin. In: Zeise L, Chedekel MR, Fitzpatrick TB. Melanin: Its Role in Human Photoprotection. KS: Valdenmar Publishing Company; 1995. pp. 11-22
2. Kollias N, Sayre R, Zeise L, Chedekel M. Photoprotection by melanin. J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol 1991;9:135-160
3. Sealy RC, Felix CC, Hyde JS, Swartz HM. Structure and reactivity of melanins: influence of free radicals and metal ions. In: Pryor WA. Free Radicals in Biology, Volume IV. New York: Academic Press; 1980. pp. 209-259
4. Ito S. Reexamination of the structure of eumelanin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1986;883:155-161
5. Cheng J, Moss S, Eisner M, Zschack P. X-ray characterization of melanins - I. Pigment Cell Res 1994;7:255-262
6. Napolitano A, Pezzella A, Prota G, Seraglia R, Traldi P. Structural analysis of synthetic melanins from 5,6-dihydroxyindole by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Comm Mass Spectrom 1996;10:468-472
7. Pezella A, Napolitano A, d'Ischia M, Prota G, Seraglia R, Traldi P. Identification of partially degraded oligomers of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid in Sepia melanin by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 1997;11:368-372
8. Chio S. X-ray diffraction and ESR studies on amorphous melanin. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Houston, Houston, TX. 1977
9. Zajac G, Gallas J, Cheng J, Eisner M, Moss S, Alvarado-Swaisgood A. Tunneling microscopy verification of an X-ray scattering-derived molecular model of tyrosine-based melanin. Nanometer Struct 1994;12:1512-1516
10. Zajac G, Gallas J, Cheng M, Eisner M, Moss S, Alvarado-Swaisgood A. The fundamental unit of synthetic melanin: a verification by tunneling microscopy of X-ray scattering results. Biochim Biophys Acta 1994;1199:271-278
11. Bertazzo A, Costa C, Allegri G, Seraglia R, Traldi P. Biosynthesis of melanin from dopamine. An investigation of early oligomerization products. Rapid Comm Mass Spectrom 1995;9:634-640
12. Bertazzo A, Costa C, Allegri G, Schiavolin M, Favretto D, Traldi P. Enzymatic oligomerization of tyrosine by tyrosine and peroxidase studied by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Rapid Comm Mass Spectrom 1999;13:542-547
13. Costa C, Bertazzo A, Allegri G, Toffano G, Curcuruto O, Traldi P. Melanin biosynthesis from dopamine. II. A mass spectrometric and collisional spectroscopic investigation. Pigment Cell Res 1992;5:122-131
14. Kroesche C, Peter M. Detection of melanochromes by MALDI-TOF mass spectometry. Tetrahedron 1996;52:3947-3952
15. Sarna T, Menon IA, Sealy RC. Photoinduced oxygen consumption in melanin systems-II. Action spectra and quantum yields for pheomelanins. Photochem Photobiol 1984;39:805-809
16. Sarna T, Sealy RC. Photoinduced oxygen consumption in melanin systems. Action spectra and quantum yields for eumelanin and synthetic melanin. Photochem Photobiol 1984;39:69-74
17. Felix CC, Hyde JS, Sarna T, Sealy RC. Melanin photoreactions in aerated media: Electron spin resonance evidence for production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1978;84:335-341
18. Korytowski W, Pilas B, Sarna T, Kalyanaraman B. Photoinduced generation of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals in melanin. Photochem Photobiol 1987;45:185-190
19. Korytowski W, Sarna T. Bleaching of melanin pigments. J Biol Chem 1990;265:12410-12416
20. Nofsinger JB, Forest SE, Simon JD. An explanation for the disparity among the absorption and action spectra of eumelanin. J Phys Chem 1999;103:11428-11432
21. Vitkin IA, Woolsey J, Wilson BC, Anderson RR. Optical and thermal characterization of natural (Sepia officinalis) melanin. Photochem Photobiol 1994;59:455-462
22. Zeise L, Murr BL, Chedekel MR. Melanin standard method: particle description. Pigment Cell Res 1992;5:132-142
23. Zeise L. Analytical methods for characterization and identification of melanins. In: Zeise L, Chedekel MR, Fitzpatrick TB. Melanin: Its Role in Human Photoprotection. Kansas: Valdenmar Publishing Company; 1995. pp. 65-79
24. Agodi A, Stefani S, Corsaro C, Campanile F, Gribaldo S, Sichel G. Study of a melanic pigment of Proteus mirabilis. Res Microbiol 1996;147:167-174
25. Takano T. Refinement of myoglobin and cytochrome c. In: Ashida T, Hall S. Methods and applications in crystallographic computing. New York: Oxford University Press; 1984. pp. 262-272