Multidecadal climate variability in the subtropics/mid-latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere oceans

Tellus, Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 203-223

  Reason, C J C ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; DECADAL VARIATION; MIDLATITUDE ENVIRONMENT; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; SUBTROPICAL REGION;

EID: 0034038399     PISSN: 02806495     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3402/tellusa.v52i2.12259     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Allan, R. J. and Haylock, M. R. 1993. Circulation features associated with the winter rainfall decrease in southwestern Australia. J. Clim. 6, 1356-1367.
2. Allan, R. J., Lindesay, J. A. and Reason, C. J. C. 1995. Multidecadal variability in the climate system over the Indian Ocean region during the austral summer. J. Clim. 8, 1853-1873.
3. Anderson, D. L. T. and Willebrand, J. 1996 (eds.). Decadal climate variability: dynamics and predictability. NATO ASI series, 44, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 493 pp.
4. Basnett, T. A. and Parker, D. E. 1997. Development of the global mean sea level pressure data set GMSLP version 2. United Kingdom Meteorological Office, Climate Research Tech. Note, 79, 16 pp.
5. Bonekamp, H., Sterl, A. and Komen, G. J. 1999. Interannual variability in the Southern Ocean from an ocean model forced by European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast re-analysis fluxes. J. Geophys. Res. 104, 13,317-13,331.
6. Bryan, K. 1969. A numerical method for the study of the circulation of the world ocean. J. Comput. Phys. 4, 347-376.
7. Cai, W., Baines, P. G. and Gordon, H. B. 1999. Southern mid-to-high variability, a zonal wavenumber 3 pattern, and the Antarctic Circumpolar wave in a coupled model. J. Clim. 10, 3087-3104.
8. Carton, J. A., Cao, X., Giese, B. S. and da Silva, A. M. 1996. Decadal and interannual variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 26, 1165-1175.
9. Christoph, M., Barnett, T. P. and Roeckner, E. 1998. The Antarctic Circumpolar Wave in a coupled ocean-atmosphere GCM. J. Clim. 11, 1659-1672.
10. Cox, M. D. 1984. A primitive equation, 3-dimensional model of the ocean. GFDL Ocean Group technical report no. 1, Princeton University.
11. Deser, C. and Blackmon, M. L. 1993. Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900-1989. J. Clim. 6, 1743-1753.
12. Esbensen, S. K. and Kushnir, Y. 1981. The heat budget of the global ocean: an atlas based on estimates from surface marine observations. Oregon State University Climate Research Institute report no. 29, 27 pp.
13. Giese, B. S. and Cayan, D. R. 1993. Surface heat flux parameterizations and tropical Pacific sea surface temperature simulations. J. Geophys. Res. 98, 6979-6989.
14. Graham, N. E. 1994. Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: observations and model results, Clim. Dyn. 10, 135-162.
15. Haarsma, R. J., Selten, F. M. and Opsteegh, J. D. 1999. On the mechanism of the Antarctic Circumpolar wave. J. Clim., in press.
16. Hantel, M. 1970. Monthly charts of surface wind divergence over the tropical Indian Ocean. Bonner Meteorologische Abhandlungen 14, 31-79.
17. Hellerman, S. and Rosenstein, M. 1983. Normal monthly windstress over the world ocean with error estimates. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 13, 1093-1104.
18. Hirst, A. C. and Cai, W. J. 1994. Sensitivity of a world ocean GCM to changes in subsurface mixing parameterization. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 24, 1256-1279.
19. James, I.N. and James, P.M. 1989. Ultra-low frequency variability in a simple atmospheric circulation model. Nature 342, 53-55.
20. Jones, D.A. and Simmonds, I. H. 1993. A climatology of Southern Hemisphere extratropical cyclones. Clim. Dyn. 9, 131-145.
21. Jones, P. D. and Allan, R. J. 1998. Climate change and long-term climatic variability. In: Meteorology of the Southern Hemisphere (eds. Karoly, D. and Vintcent, D.). Amer. Meteorol. Soc., Boston, Massachussets, pp. 337-363.
22. Karoly, D., Hope, P. and Jones, P. D. 1995. Decadal variations of the Southern Hemisphere circulation. Int. J. Climatol. 16, 723-738.
23. Krishnamurti, T. N., Chu, S. H. and Islegias, W. 1986. On the sea level pressure of the Southern Oscillation. Arch. Meteor. Geophys. Bioklimatol. Ser. A 34, 385-425.
24. Kushnir, Y. 1994. Interdecadal variations in North Atlantic sea surface temperature and associated atmospheric conditions. J. Clim. 7, 141-157.
25. Latif, M. and Barnett, T. P. 1996. Decadal variability over the North Pacific and North America: dynamics and predictability. J. Clim. 9, 2407-2423.
26. Levitus, S, 1982. Climatological atlas of the world ocean. NOAA Professional Paper 13, US Govt. Printing Office, 173 pp.
27. Miller, A. J., Cayan, D. R., Barnett, T. P., Graham, N. E. and Oberhuber, J. M. 1994. Interdecadal variability of the Pacific Ocean: model response to observed heat flux and wind stress anomalies, Clim. Dyn. 9, 287-302.
28. Mo, K. and White, G. H. 1985. Teleconnections in the Southern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev. 113, 22-37.
29. Moore, A. M. and Reason, C. J. C. 1993. The response of a global ocean general circulation model to climato-logical surface boundary conditions for temperature and salinity. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 23, 300-328.
30. Pacanowski, R. C., Dixon, K. and Rosati, A. 1991. The GFDL modular ocean model users guide, version 1.0. GFDL Ocean Group technical report no. 2, Princeton University.
31. Parker, D. E., Jones, P. D., Folland, C. K. and Bevan, A. 1994. Interdecadal changes of surface temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res. 99, 14,373-14,399.
32. Parker, D. E., Jackson, M. and Horton, E. B. 1995. The GISST2.2 sea surface temperature and sea-ice climatology. Clim. Res. Tech. Note, CRTN63, 35 pp. UK Met. Office, Bracknell, UK.
33. Peterson, R. G. and White, W. B. 1998. Slow oceanic teleconnections linking the Antarctic Circumpolar wave with the tropical El Nino-Southern oscillation. J. Geophys. Res. 103, 24573-24583.
34. Reason, C. J. C, Allan, R. J. and Lindesay, J. A. 1996a. Dynamical response of the oceanic circulation and temperature to interdecadal variability in the surface winds over the Indian Ocean. J. Clim. 9, 97-114.
35. Reason, C. J. C., Allan, R. J. and Lindesay, J. A. 1996b. Evidence for the influence of remote forcing on upper ocean temperature variability in the southern Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 11,867-11,882.
36. Reason, C. J. C., Allan, R. J. and Lindesay, J. A. 1998. Climate variability on decadal time scales: mechanisms and implications for climate change. Palaeoclimates 3, 25-49.
37. Salinger, M. J., Allan, R. J., Bincloff, N., Hannah, J., Lavery, B., Lin, Z., Lindesay, J. A., Nicholls, N., Plummer, N. and Torok, S. 1996. Observed variability and change in climate and sea level in Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific. In: Greenhouse -coping with climate change (eds. Bouma, W. J., Pearman, G. I. and Manning, M. R.). CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, pp. 100-126.
38. Schiller, A., Godfrey, J. S., McIntosh, P. C., Meyers, G. and Fiedler, R. 1999. Interannual dynamics and thermodynamics of the Indo-Pacific oceans. J. Phys. Oceanogr., in press.
39. Trenberth, K. E. 1979. Interannual variability of the 500 mb zonal mean flow in the Southern Hemisphere. Mon. Wea. Rev. 107, 1515-1524.
40. Trenberth, K. E. and Hurrell, J. W. 1994. Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Clim. Dyn. 9, 303-319.
41. van Loon, H. and Jenne, R. L. 1972. The zonal harmonic standing waves in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Geophys. Res. 77, 992-1003.
42. Venegas, S. A., Mysak, L. A. and Straub, D. N. 1996. Evidence for interannual and interdecadal climate variability in the South Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 2673-2676.
43. Ward, M. N. and Hoskins, B. J. 1996. Near-surface wind over the global ocean 1949-1988. J. Clim. 9, 1877-1895.
44. White, W. B., Chen, S.-C. and Peterson, R. G. 1998. The Antarctic circumpolar wave: a beta-effect in ocean-atmosphere coupling over the Southern Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr. 28, 2345-2361.
45. White, W. B. and Peterson, R. G. 1996. An Antarctic circumpolar wave in surface pressure, wind, temperature and sea-ice extent. Nature 380, 699-702.
46. WMO, 1996. World Climate Research Programme Workshop on air-sea flux fields for forcing ocean models and validating GCMs. WCRP-95-WMO/TD no. 762, World Meteorological Organisation.
47. Woodruff, S. D. Slutz, R. J., Jenne, R. L. and Steurer, P. M. 1987. A comprehensive ocean-atmosphere data set. Bull Amer. Meteorol. Soc. 68, 1239-1250.