Superantigen antagonist protects against lethal shock and defines a new domain for T-cell activation

Nature Medicine

Volumn 6, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 414-421

  Arad, Gila ^a   Levy, Revital ^a   Hillman, Dalia ^a   Kaempfer, Raymond ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 2; LYMPHOTOXIN; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; RNA; SUPERANTIGEN; T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTOR;

ANIMAL MODEL; ANTIGEN ANTIBODY COMPLEX; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL INFECTION; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; INFECTION RESISTANCE; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEPTIC SHOCK; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ANIMALS; ANTIBODIES, BACTERIAL; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BACTERIAL TOXINS; BINDING SITES; CELLS, CULTURED; CONSERVED SEQUENCE; CROSS REACTIONS; ENTEROTOXINS; EXOTOXINS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMMUNIZATION, PASSIVE; LEUKOCYTES, MONONUCLEAR; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; MEMBRANE PROTEINS; MICE; MICE, INBRED BALB C; OLIGOPEPTIDES; RABBITS; SHOCK, SEPTIC; STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES; SUPERANTIGENS; T-LYMPHOCYTES; TIME FACTORS;

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS);

EID: 0034030865     PISSN: 10788956     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/74672     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Herman, A., Kappler, J.W., Marrack, P. & Pullen, A.M. Superantigens: mechanisms of T-cell stimulation and role in immune responses. Ann Rev. Immunol. 9, 745-772 (1991).
2. Schlievert, P.M. Role of superantigens in human disease. J. Infect. Dis. 167, 997-1002 (1993).
3. Murray, D.L, Ohlendorf, D.H. & Schlievert P.M. Staphylococcal and streptococcal superantigens: their role in human diseases. Am. Soc. Microbiol. News 61, 229-235 (1995).
4. Bohach, G. A., Fast, D. J., Nelson, R. D. & Schlievert, P. M. Staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins involved in toxic shock syndrome and related illnesses. Crit. Rev Microbiol. 17, 251-272 (1990).
5. Marrack, P., & Kappler, J. The Staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives. Science 248, 705-711 (1990).
6. Scholl, P. et al. Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 binds to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 4210-4214 (1989).
7. Fraser, J.D. High-affinity binding of Staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B to HLA-DR. Nature 339, 221-223 (1989).
8. Choi, Y. et al. Residues of the variable region of the T-cell-receptor beta-chain that interact with S. aureus toxin superantigens. Nature 346, 471-473 (1990).
9. Kappler, J. et al. Vß-specific stimulation of human T cells by staphylococcal toxins. Science 244, 811 -814 (1989),
10. Janeway, C. A. et al. T Cell responses to MIs and to bacterial proteins that mimic its behavior. Immunol. Rev. 107, 61-68 (1989).
11. Choi, Y. et al. Interaction of Stophylococcus aureus toxin "superantigens" with human T cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 8941-8945 (1989).
12. Marrack, P., Blackman, M., Kushnir, E. & Kappler, J. The toxicity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice is mediated by T cells. J. Exp. Med. 171, 455-464 (1990).
13. Miethke, T. et al. T cell-mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: critical role of tumor necrosis factor. J. Exp. Med. 175, 91-98 (1992).
14. Hackett, S.P. & Stevens, D.L. Superantigens associated with staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome are potent inducers of tumor necrosis factor-β synthesis. J. Infect. Dis. 168, 232-235 (1993).
15. Uchiyama, T. et al. Relative strength of the mitogenic and interleukin-2-production-inducing activities of staphylococcal exotoxins presumed to be causative exotoxins of toxic shock syndrome: toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and enterotoxins A, B and C to murine and human T cells. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 75, 239-244 (1989).
16. Fiorentino, D.F. et al. IL-10 acts on the antigen-presenting cell to inhibit cytokine production by Th1 cells. J. Immunol. 146, 3444-3451 (1991).
17. Bean, A.G., Freiberg, R.A., Andrade, S., Menon, S. & Zlotnik A. Interleukin 10 protects mice against staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced lethal shock. Infect. Immun. 61, 4937-4939 (1993).
18. + T cells. J. Exp. Med. 184, 19-29 (1996).
19. Swaminathan, S., Furey, W., Pletcher, J. & Sax M. Crystal structure of staphylococcal enterotoxin B, a superantigen. Nature 359, 801-805 (1992).
20. Jardetzky, T. S. et al. Three-dimensional structure of a human class II histocompatibility molecule complexed with superantigen. Nature 368, 711-718 (1994).
21. Fields, B.A. et al. Crystal structure of a T-cell receptor β-chain complexed with a superantigen. Nature 384, 188-192 (1996).
22. Papageorgiou, A.C., Tranter, H.S. & Acharya, K.R. Crystal structure of microbial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B at 1.5 A resolution: implications for superantigen recognition by MHC class II molecules and T-cell receptors. J. mol. Biol. 277, 61-79 (1998).
23. Leder, L. et al. A mutational analysis of the binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins B and C3 to the T cell receptor β chain and major histocompatibility complex class II. J. Exp. Med. 187, 823-833 (1998).
24. Buelow, R. et al. Localization of the immunologic activity in the superantigen Staphylococcal enterotoxin B using truncated recombinant fusion proteins. J. Immunol. 148, 1-6 (1992).
25. Kappler, J.W., Herman, A., Clements, J. & Marrack, P. Mutations defining functional regions of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B. J. Exp. Med. 175, 387-389 (1992).
26. Hoffmann, M.L. et al. Predictions of T-cell receptor- and major histocompatibility complex-binding sites on staphylococcal enterotoxin C1. Infect. Immun. 62, 3396-3407 (1994).
27. Betley, M.J. & Mekalanos, J.J. Nucleotide sequence of the type A staphylococcal enterotoxin gene. J. Bacteriol. 170, 34-41 (1988).
28. Galanos, C., Freudenberg, M.A. & Reutter, W. Galactosamine-induced sensitization to the lethal effects of endotoxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 5939-5943 (1979).
29. Lowell, G.H. et al. Intranasal and intramuscular proteosome-staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) toxoid vaccines: immunogenicity and efficacy against lethal SEB intoxication in mice. Infect. Immun. 64, 1706-1713 (1996).
30. Basma, H. et al. Risk factors in the pathogenesis of invasive group A streptococcal infections: role of protective humoral immunity. Infect. Immun. 67, 1871-1877 (1999).
31. Komisar, J.L., Small-Harris, S. & Tseng, J. Localization of binding sites of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), a superantigen, for HLA-DR by inhibition with synthetic peptides of SEB. Infect. Immun. 62, 4775-4780 (1994).
32. Jett, M. et al. Identification of sequences important for induction of lymphocyte proliferation by using synthetic peptide fragments of the toxin. Infect. Immun. 62, 3408-3415 (1994).
33. Wang, B., Schlievert, P.M., Gaber, A.O. & Kotb M. Localization of an immunologically functional region of the streptococcal superantigen pepsin-extracted fragment of type 5 M protein. J. Immunol. 151, 1419-1429 (1993).
34. Earhart, C.A. et al. Structures of five mutants of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 with reduced biological activity. Biochemistry 37, 7194-202 (1998).
35. Hudson, K.R. et al. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A has two cooperative binding sites on major histocompatibility complex class II. J. Exp. Med. 182, 711-720 (1995).
36. Schad, E.M. et al. Crystal structure of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin type A. EMBO J. 14, 3292-3301 (1995).
37. Abrahmsen, L. et al. Characterization of two distinct MHC class II binding sites in the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A. EMBO J. 14, 2978-2986 (1995).
38. Muraille, E. et al. Activation of murine T cells by bacterial superantigens requires B7-mediated costimulation. Cell. Immunol. 162, 315-320 (1995).
39. Muraille, E., De Smedt, T., Urbain. J., Moser, M. & Leo, O. B7.2 provides co-stimulatory functions in vivo in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Eur. J. Immunol. 25, 2111-2114 (1995).
40. Saha, B. et al. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1-induced death is prevented by CTLA41g. J. Immunol. 157, 3869-3875 (1996).
41. Gerez, L., Arad, G., Efrat, S., Ketzinel, M. & Kaempfer, R. Post-transcriptional regulation of human interleukin-2 gene expression at processing of precursor transcripts. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 19569-19575 (1995).
42. Arad, G. et al. Transient expression of human IL-2 and IFN-γ genes is regulated by interaction between distinct cell subsets. Cellular Immunol. 160, 240-247 (1995).
43. Jarrous, N., Osman, F. & Kaempfer, R. 2-Aminopurine selectively inhibits splicing of tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 2814-2822 (1996).
44. Gerez, L. et al. Aberrant regulation of interleukin-2 but not of interferon-γ gene expression in Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21). Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 58, 251-266 (1991).
45. Kaempfer, R. et al. Prediction of response to treatment in superficial bladder carcinoma through pattern of interleukin-2 gene expression. J. Clin. Oncol. 14, 1778-1786 (1996).
46. Prasad, G.S. et al. Structure of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1. Biochemistry 32, 13761-13766 (1993).