Mixed solid/dispersed phase particles in multiphase fluidised beds, Part I: Free energy of stability due to interfacial tension

Chemical Engineering Science

Volumn 55, Issue 15, 2000, Pages 3013-3032

  Niven, Robert K ^a   Khalili, Nasser ^a   Brynn Hibbert, D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

Agglomeration; Contact angle; Fluidisation; Fluidization; Free energy; Interfacial tension

Indexed keywords

AGGLOMERATION; BUOYANCY; CONTACT ANGLE; DISPERSIONS; FLUIDIZATION; GIBBS FREE ENERGY; PARTICLES (PARTICULATE MATTER); SURFACE TENSION; THERMODYNAMIC STABILITY;

MULTIPHASE FLUIDIZED BEDS;

FLUIDIZED BEDS;

AGGLOMERATION; ENERGY; FLUIDIZATION; FLUIDIZED BED;

EID: 0034029411     PISSN: 00092509     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0009-2509(99)00576-X     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (76)

1. Adam N.K. The physics and chemistry of surfaces. 3rd ed:1941;Oxford University Press, London.
2. Arai K., Konnon M., Matunaga Y., Saito S. Effect of dispersed-phase viscosity on the maximum stable drop size for breakup in turbulent flow. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan. 10(4):1977;325-330.
3. Bayramli E., Abou-Obeid A., van de Ven T.G.M. Liquid bridges between spheres in a gravitational field. Journal of Colloid and Interfacial Science. 116(2):1987;490-502.
4. Bhandari A., Dove D.C., Novak J.T. Soil washing and biotreatment of petroleum-contaminated soils. Journal of Environmental Engineering. 120(5):1994;1151-1169.
5. Briggs T.R. Emulsions with finely divided solids. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 13(11):1921;1008-1010.
6. Calabrese R.V., Chang T.P.K., Dang P.T. Drop breakup in turbulent stirred-tank contactors. Part I: Effect of dispersed-phase viscosity. AIChE Journal. 32(4):1986;657-666.
7. Calabrese R.V., Chang T.P.K., Dang P.T. Drop breakup in turbulent stirred-tank contactors. Part II: Relative influence of viscosity and interfacial tension. AIChE Journal. 32(4):1986;667-676.
8. Capes C.E. Basic research in particle technology and some novel applications. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 54:1975;3-12.
9. Capes C.E., Sutherland J.P. Formation of spheres from finely divided solids in liquid suspension. Industrial Engineering Chemistry, Process Design and Development. 6(1):1967;146-154.
10. Chatzis, I., Morrow, N. R., & Lim, H. T. L. (1983) Magnitude and detailed structure of residual oil saturation. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal, 311-326.
11. Clark, K. A. (1922). The bituminous sand and its commercial development. 2nd Annual Report, Report No. 5, Scientific and Industrial Council of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada, pp. 43-59.
12. Clark K.A., Pasternack D.S. Hot water separation of bitumen from Alberta bitumenous sand. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 24(12):1932;1410-1416.
13. Dabros T., van de Ven T.G.M. Collision-induced dispersion of droplets attached to solid particles. Journal of Colloid and Interfacial Science. 163:1994;28-36.
14. di Meglio J.M., Raphael E. Equilibrium of a spherical particle at a curved liquid/liquid interface. Journal of Colloid and Interfacial Science. 136(2):1990;581-583.
15. Dove, D. C., & Novak, J. T. (1992) Soil washing and post-washing soil cleaning for permanent disposal. Proceedings federal environmental restoration conference, Hazardous Materials Control Resources Institute, Vienna, VA (pp. 377-382).
16. Erle M.A., Dyson D.C., Morrow N.R. Liquid bridges between cylinders, in a torus, and between spheres. AIChE Journal. 17(1):1971;115-121.
17. Finkle P., Draper H.D., Hildebrand J.H. The theory of emulsification. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 45:1923;2780-2788.
18. Fisher R.A. On the capillary forces in an ideal soil; correction of formulae given by W.B. Haines. Journal of Agricultural Science. 16:1926;493-505.
19. Gaudin A.M. Flotation. 1957;McGraw-Hill Book Co, NY.
20. Haines W.B. Studies on the physical properties of soils. II. A note on the cohesion developed by capillary forces in an ideal soil. Journal of Agricultural Science. 15:1925;529-535.
21. Heck A.A. Introduction to Maple. 2nd ed:1996;Springer, New York.
22. Henry J.D. Jr., Prudich M.E., Lau C. Liquid, liquid, solid systems. Role of water in particle removal from hydrocarbon suspensions Colloids and Surfaces. 1:1980;335-348.
23. Henry J.D. Jr., Prudich M.E., Vaidyanathan K.R. Novel separation processes for solid/liquid separations in coal derived liquids. Separation and Purification Methods. 8(2):1979;81-118.
24. Heady R.B., Cahn J.W. An analysis of the capillary forces in liquid-phase sintering of spherical particles. Metallurgical Transactions. 1:1970;185-189.
25. Hinze J.O. Fundamentals of the hydrodynamic mechanism of splitting in dispersion processes. AIChE Journal. 1(3):1955;289-295.
26. Jacques M.T., Hovarongkura A.D., Henry J.D. Jr. Feasibility of separation processes in liquid-liquid solid systems: free energy and stability analysis. AIChE Journal. 25(1):1979;160-170.
27. Kao S.V., Mason S.G. Dispersion of particles by shear. Nature. 253:1975;619-621.
28. Khalili, N., & Niven, R. K. (1996). Upflow washing: a new in situ technology for organic and metal remediation, Proceedings of the 3rd International symposium on environmental geotechnology, June 10-12 1996, San Diego, Vol. 1, (pp. 745-754). PA: Technomic Publishing Co.
29. Kruyer S. The penetration of mercury and capillary condensation in packed spheres. Transactions of the Faraday Society. 54:1958;1758-1767.
30. Kruyt H.R., van Selms F.G. The influence of a third phase on the rheology of suspensions. Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas. 62:1943;415-426.
31. Larson R.G., Scriven L.E., Davis H.T. Percolation theory of residual phases in porous media. Nature. 268:1977;409-413.
32. Levine S., Bowen B.D. Capillary interaction of spherical particles adsorbed on the surface of an oil/water droplet stabilized by the particles. Part I. Colloids and Surfaces. 59:1991;377-386.
33. Levine S., Bowen B.D. Capillary interaction of spherical particles adsorbed on the surface of an oil/water droplet stabilized by the particles, Part II. Colloids and Surfaces. 65:1992;273-286.
34. Levine S., Bowen B.D. Capillary interaction of spherical particles adsorbed on the surface of an oil/water droplet stabilized by the particles. 3. Effective interfacial tension. Colloids and Surfaces. 70:1993;33-45.
35. Levine S., Bowen B.D., Partridge S.J. Stabilization of emulsions by fine particles I. Partitioning of particles between continuous phase and oil/water interface. Colloids and Surfaces. 38:1989;325-343.
36. Levine S., Bowen B.D., Partridge S.J. Stabilization of emulsions by fine particles II. Capillary and van der Waals forces between particles. Colloids and Surfaces. 38:1989;345-364.
37. Levine S., Sanford E. Stabilisation of emulsion droplets by fine powders. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 62:1985;258-268.
38. Mason G., Clark W. Zero force liquid bridges between spherical particles. British Chemical Engineering. 10(5):1965;327-328.
39. Melrose J.C. Model calculations for capillary condensation. AIChE Journal. 12(5):1966;986-994.
40. Menon V.B., Nagarajan R., Wasan D.T. Separation of fine particles from non-aqueous media: free energy analysis and oil loss estimation. Separation Science and Technology. 22(12):1987;2295-2322.
41. Menon V.B., Wasan D.T. Particle-fluid interactions with application to solid-stabilized emulsions. Part I. The effect of asphaltene adsorption. Colloids and Surfaces. 19:1986;89-105.
42. Newitt D.M., Conway-Jones J.M. A contribution to the theory and practice of granulation. Transactions IChemE. 36:1958;422-443.
43. Niven, R. K. (1998). In situ multiphase fluidisation ("upflow washing") for the remediation of diesel and lead contaminated soils, Ph.D. thesis. The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (548 pp.), unpublished.
44. Niven R.K., Khalili N. In situ fluidisation by a single internal vertical jet. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 36(2):1998;199-228.
45. Niven R.K., Khalili N. In situ multiphase fluidisation ("upflow washing") for the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated sands. Canadian Geotechnical Journal. 35(6):1998;938-960.
46. Niven, R. K., Khalili, N., & Hibbert, D. B. (2000) Mixed solid/dispersed phase particles in multiphase fluidised beds. II: Stability at laminar to turbulent flow scales. This paper for possible publication Chemical Engineering Science, this issue.
47. Nunno, T., Hyman, J., Spawn, P., Healy, J., Spears, C., & Brown, M. (1990). International Technologies for Hazardous Waste Site Cleanup. NJ: Noyes Data Corp.
48. Orr F.M., Scriven L.E., Rivas A.P. Pendular rings between solids: meniscus properties and capillary force. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 67(4):1975;723-742.
49. Pheiffer T.H., Nunno T.J., Walters J.S. EPA's assessment of European contaminated soil treatment techniques. Environmental Progress. 9(2):1990;79-86.
50. Pickering S.U. Emulsions. Journal of the Chemistry Society, Transactions. 91:1907;2001-2021.
51. Pietsch W., Rumpf H. Haftkraft, kapillardruck, flüssigkeitsvolumen und grenzwinkel einer flüssigkeitsbrücke zwischen zwei kugeln. Chemie Ingenieur Technik. 39(15):1967;885-893. in German.
52. Powell R.L., Mason S.G. Dispersion by laminar flow. AIChE Journal. 28(2):1982;286-293.
53. Puddington I.E., Sparks B.D. Spherical agglomeration processes. Minerals Science and Engineering. 7(3):1975;282-288.
54. Rawe, J. (1991a), Guide to conducting treatability studies under CERCLA: Soil washing - interim guidance, EPA-600-14, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH.
55. Rawe, J. (1991b), Guide to conducting treatability studies under CERCLA: Soil washing - Quick reference fact sheet. EPA-600-14, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH.
56. Rivas A.P., Orr F.M., Scriven L.E. Capillary attraction and capillary repulsion. Latin American Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry. 5(1):1975;93-99.
57. Radushkevich L.V. Studies of capillary condensation of vapors in highly disperse systems. Part 1 Calculation of capillary condensation in the vicinity of points of contact of spherical particles. Izvestiia Akademii nauk SSSR, Otdelenie Khimie Nauk (Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Division of Chemical Sciences). 69:1952;1008-1018.
58. Sanford E.C. Processibility of Athabasca oil sand: interrelationship between oil sand fine solids, process aids, mechanical energy and oil sand age after mining. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 61:1983;554-567.
59. Sanford, E. C., & Sayer, F. A. (1979) Processibility of Athabasca tar sand using a batch extraction unit: the role of NaOH. CIM Bulletin, 165-169.
60. Schramm L.L., Smith R.G. Two classes of anionic surfactants and their significance in hot water processing of oil sands. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 65:1987;799-811.
61. Schubert, H. (1982) Kapillarität in porösen Feststoffsystemen. Berlin; Springer-Verlag (350 pp.) (German).
62. Schulman J.H., Leja J. Control of contact angles at the oil-water-solid interfaces. Transactions of the Faraday Society. 50:1954;598-605.
63. Schulze H.J. Physico-Chemical Elementary Processes in Flotation. 1984;Elsevier Science Pub, Amsterdam.
64. Smith H.M., Puddington I.E. Spherical agglomeration of barium sulphate. Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 38:1960;1911-1916.
65. Smith P.G., van de Ven T.G.M. A note on the thermodynamics of partial engulfment. Colloids and Surfaces. 2:1981;387-390.
66. Smith P.G., van de Ven T.G.M. The separation of a liquid drop from a stationary solid sphere in a gravitational field. Journal of Colloid and Interfacial Science. 105(1):1985;7-20.
67. Smith P.G., van de Ven T.G.M. Shear-induced deformation and rupture of suspended solid/liquid clusters. Colloids and Surfaces. 15:1985;191-210.
68. Smith P.G., van de Ven T.G.M. Interactions between drops and particles in simple shear. Colloids and Surfaces. 15:1985;211-231.
69. Smith W.O., Foote P.D., Busang P.F. Capillary retention of liquids in assemblages of homogeneous spheres. Physical Review. 36:1930;524-530.
70. Sutherland, K. L., & Wark, I. W. (1955). Principles of flotation. Melbourne, Australia: Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.
71. USEPA (1990). Summary of treatment technology effectiveness for contaminated soil, EPA-540-2-89-053, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC.
72. USEPA (1997). Completed North American innovative remediation technology demonstration projects. EPA-542-F-96-002a, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
73. Waterloo Maple Inc. (1981-1996) Maple V release 4.00a. Ontario, Canada: Waterloo Maple Inc.
74. Wen, C. Y. & Yu, Y. H. (1966). Mechanics of fluidization. Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series, Vol. 62, Fluid Particle Technology (pp. 100-111).
75. Woodrow J., Chilton H., Hawes R.J. Forces between slurry particles due to surface tension. Journal of Nuclear Energy, B. Reactor Technology. 1:1961;229-237.
76. Yan Y., Masliyah J.H. Solids-stablized oil-in-water emulsions: scavenging of emulsion droplets by fresh oil addition. Colloids and Surfaces A. 75:1993;123-132.