Apolipoprotein B metabolism and the distribution of VLDL and LDL subfractions

Journal of Lipid Research

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 305-317

  Packard, C J ^a   Demant, T ^b   Stewart, J P ^a   Bedford, D ^a   Caslake, M J ^a   Schwertfeger, G ^b   Bedynek, A ^b   Shepherd, J ^a   Seidel, D ^b  

^a NHS GREATER GLASGOW AND CLYDE   (United Kingdom)

^b LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Catabolism; Mass spectrometry; Multicornpartmental modelling; Small dense LDL; Stable isotopes; Synthesis

Indexed keywords

APOLIPOPROTEIN B; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ARTICLE; CATABOLISM; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; COMPARTMENT MODEL; LIPOLYSIS; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYNTHESIS;

ADULT; APOLIPOPROTEINS B; CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY DISEASE; HUMANS; KINETICS; LIPOLYSIS; LIPOPROTEINS; LIPOPROTEINS, IDL; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; LIPOPROTEINS, VLDL; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; PARTICLE SIZE; RISK FACTORS; TRIGLYCERIDES;

EID: 0034002929     PISSN: 00222275     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Austin, M. A., M-C. King, K. M. Vranigan, and K. M. Krauss. 1990. Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype: a proposed genetic marker for coronary heart disease risk. Circulation. 82: 495-506.
2. Swinkels, D.W., P. N. M. Demacker, J. C. M. Hendriks, and A. van't Laar. 1989. Low density lipoprotein subfractions and relationships to other risk factors for coronary artery disease in healthy individuals. Arteriosclerosis. 9: 604-613.
3. Griffin, B. A., D. J. Freeman, G. W. Tait, J. Thomson, M. J. Caslake, C. J. Packard, and J. Shepherd. 1994. Role of plasma triglyceride in the regulation of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions: relative contribution of small, dense LDL to coronary heart disease risk. Atherosclerosis. 106: 241-253.
4. Grundy, S. M. and G. Vega. 1992. Two different views of the relationship of hypertriglyceridemia to coronary heart disease. Arch. Intern. Med. 152: 28-34.
5. De Graaf, J., H. L. M. Hak-Lemmers, M. P. C. Hectors, P. N. M. Demacker, J. C. M. Hendriks, and A. F. H. Stalenhoef. 1991. Enhanced susceptibility to in vitro oxidation of the dense low density lipoprotein subfraction in healthy subjects. Arteriosclerosis. 11: 298-306.
6. Krauss, R. M. 1994. Heterogeneity of low density lipoproteins and atherosclerosis risk. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 5: 339-349.
7. Packard, C. J., and J. Shepherd. 1997. Lipoprotein heterogeneity and apolipoprotein B metabolism. Arteioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17: 3542-3556.
8. McNamara, J. R., J. L. Jenner, Z. Li, P. W. F. Wilson, and E. J. Schaefer. 1992. Change in LDL particle sizc is associated with change in plasma triglyceride concentration. Arterioscler. Thromb. 12: 1284-1290.
9. Tan, C. E., L. Forster, M. J. Caslake, D. Bedford, T. D. G., Watson, M. McConnell, C. J. Packard, and J. Shepherd. 1995. Relations between plasma lipids and postheparin plasma lipases and VLDL and LDL subfractions in normolipemic men and women. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 15: 1839-1848.
10. Teng, B., A. D. Sniderman, A. K. Soutar, and G. R. Thompson. 1986. Metabolic basis of hyperapohetalipoproteinemia. Turnover of apolipoprotein B in low density lipoprotein and its precursors compared with normal and familial hypersholesterolemia. J. Clin. Invest. 77: 663-672.
11. Cryer, D. R., T. Matsushima, J. B. Marsh, M. Yudkoff, P. M. Coates, and J. A. Cortner. 1986. Direct measurement of apolipoprotein B synthesis in human very low density lipoprotein using stable isotopes and mass spectrometry. J. Lipid. Res. 27: 508-516.
12. Cohn, J. S., D. A. Wagner, S. D. Cohn, J. S. Millar, and E. Schaefer. 1990. Measurement of very low density and low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B-100 and high density lipoprotein apoA-I production in human subjects using deuterated leucine. J. Clin. Invest. 85: 804-811.
13. Parhofer, K. G., P. H. R. Barrett, D. Bier, and C. Schonfeld. 1991. Determination of kinetic parameters of apolipoprotein B metabolism using amino acids labeled with stable isotopes. J. Lipid Res. 32: 1311-1323.
14. Foster, D. M., P. H. R. Barrett, G. Toffolo, W. F. Beltz, and C. Cobelli. 1993. Estimating the fractional synthetic rate of plasma apolipoproteins and lipids from stable isotope data. J. Lipid Res. 34: 2193-2205.
15. Demant, T., C. J. Packard, H. Demelmair, P. Stewart, A. Bedynek, D. Bedford, D. Seidel, and J. Shepherd. 1996. Sensitive methods to study human apolipoprotein B metabolism using stable isotope-labeled amino acids. Am. J. Physiol. 270: E1022-E1036.
16. Demant, T., C. J. Packard, P. Stewart, A. Bedynek, A. G. Calder, J. Shepherd, and D. Seidel. 1994. A sensitive mass spectrometry technique for the measurement of human apolipoprotein B metabolism in-vivo. Clin. Chem. 40: 1825-1827.
17. Lipid Research Clinics Program Manual of Laboratory Operations. 1975. DHEW Publications, No. (NIH) 75-628, Washington, DC.
18. Havekes, L. M., P. Knyff, U. Beisiegel, J. Hahing, M. Smit, and E. Klasen. 1987. A rapid micromethod for apolipoprotein E phenotyping directly in serum. J. Lipid Res. 28: 455-463.
19. Krauss, R. M., and D. J. Burke. 1982. Identification of multiple subclasses of plasma low density lipoproteins in normal humans. J. Lipid Res. 23:97-104.
20. McNamara, J., H. Campos, J. M. Ordovas, J. Peterson, P. W. F. Wilson, and E. J. Schaefer. 1987. The effect of gender, age and lipid stains on low density lipoprotein subfraction distribution: results of the Framingham Offspring Study. Arteriosclerosis. 7: 483-490.
21. Krauss, R. M., and D. M. Dreon. 1995. Low density lipoprotein subclasses and response to a low fat diet in healthy men. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62: 4785-4875.
22. James, R. W. B., B. Martin, D. Pometta, J. C. Fruchart, P. Duriez, P. Puchois, J. P. Farriaux, A. Tacquet, T. Demant, R. J. Clegg, A. Munro, M. F. Oliver, C. J. Packard, and J. Shepherd. 1989. Apolipoprotein B metabolism in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. J. Lipid Res. 30: 159-169.
23. Lindgren, F. T., L. C. Jensen, and F. T. Hatch. 1972. The isolation and quantitation analysis of serum lipoproteins. In Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins: Quantitalion, Composition and Metabolism. G. J. Nelson, editor. Wiley-Interscience. New York. 181-271.
24. Egusa, G., D. W. Brady, S. M. Grundy, and B. V. Howard. 1983. Isopropanol precipitation method for the determination of apolipoprotein B specific activity and plasma concentrations dining metabolic studies of very low density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B. J. Lipidi Res. 24: 1261-1267.
25. Cobelli, C., G. Toffolo, and D. M. Foster. 1992. Tracer-to-tracee ratio for analysis of stable isotope tracer data: link with radioactive kinetic formalism. Am. J. Physiol. 262: E968-E975.
26. 1 20-60) in moderate hypercholesterolemia: relationships between apolipoprotein B kinetics and plasma lipoproteins. J. Lipid Res. 36: 158-171.
27. Hardman, D. A., and J. P. Kane. 1986. Isolation and characterisation of apolipoprotein B-48. Methods Enzymol. 128: 262-272.
28. Berman, M., M. Hall, III, I. Levy, S. Eisenberg, D. W. Bilheimer, R. D. Phair, and R. H. Goebel. 1978. Metabolism of apoB and apoC lipoproteins in man: kinetic studies in normal and hyperlipoproteinemic subjects. J. Lipid Res. 19: 38-56.
29. Beltz, W. F., Y. A. Kesaniemi, B. V. Howard, and S. W. Grundy. 1985. Development of an integrated model for analysis of the kinetics of apolipoprotein B in plasma, very low density lipoproteins, intermediate density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins. J. Clin. Invest. 76: 575-585.
30. Packard, C. J., A. Gaw, T. Demant, and J. Shepherd. 1995. Development and application of a multicompartmental model to study very low density lipoprotein subfraction metabolism. J. Lipid Res. 36:172-187.
31. Pease, R. J., and J. M. Leiper. 1996. Regulation of hepatic apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein secretion. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 7: 132-138.
32. Ardern, H. A., G. M. Benson, K. E. Suckling, M. J. Caslake, J. Shehed, and C. J. Packard. 1999. Apolipoprotein b overproduction by the perfused liver of the St. Thomas' mixed hyperlipidemic (SMHL) rabbit. J. Lipid Res. 40: 2234-2243.
33. Borén, J., M. M. Véniant, and S. G. Young. 1998. ApoB100-containing lipoproteins are secreted by the heart. J. Clin. Invest. 101: 1197-1202.
34. Cobelli, C., and J. DiStefano, III. 1980. Parameter and structural identifiability concepts and ambiguities: a critical review and analysis. Am. J. Physiol. 239: R7-R24.
35. Caslake, M. J., C. J. Packard, J. J. Series, B. Yip, M. Dagen, and J. Shepherd. 1992. Plasma triglyceride and low density lipoprotein metabolism. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 22: 96-104.
36. Parhofer, K. G., P. H. R. Barrett, J. Dunn, and G. Schofeld. 1993. Effect of pravastatin on metabolic parameters of apolipoprotein B in patients with mixed hyperlipidemia. Clin. Invest. 71: 939-946.
37. Walsh, B. W., I. Schiff, B. Rosner, L. Breenberg, V. Ravnikar, and M. Sacks. 1991. Effects of postmenopansal estrogen replacement on the concentrations and metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. N. Engl. J. Med. 325: 1196-1204.
38. Malmström, R., C. J. Packard, T. D. G. Watson, S. Rannikko, M. Caslake, D. Bedford, P. Stewart, H. Yki-Järvinen, J. Shepherd, and M-R. Taskinen. 1997. Metabolic basis of hypotriglyceridemic effect of insulin in normal men. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 17: 1454-1464.
39. Borén, J., S. Rustaeus, and S. O. Olofsson. 1994. Studies on the assembly of apolipoprotein B-100 and B-48 containing very low density lipoproteins in McA-RH7777 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 25879-25888.
40. Shames, D. M., and Havel, R. J. 1991. De novo production of low density lipoproteins: fact or fancy. J. Lipid Res. 32: 1099-1112.
41. Cortner, J. A., N-A. Le, P. M. Coates, M. J. Bennett, and D. Cryer. 1992. Determinants of lasting plasma triglyceride levels: metabolism of hepatic and intestinal lipoproteins. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 22: 158-165.
42. Lamarche, B., J-P. Després, M-C. Pouliot, D. Prud'homme, S. Moorjani, P. J. Lupien, A. Nadeau, A. Tremblay, and C. Bouchard. 1993. Metabolic heterogeneity associated with high plasma triglyceride or low HDL cholesterol levels in men. Arterioscler. Thromb. 13: 33-40.
43. Ginsberg, H. N., N-A. Le, I. J. Goldberg, J. C. Gibson, A. Rubinstein, P. Wang-Iverson, R. Norum, and W. V. Brown. 1986. Apolipoprotein B metabolisin in subjects with deficiency of apolipoproteins C-III and AI: evidence that apolipoprotein C-III inhibits catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins by lipoprotein lipase in vivo. J. Clin. Invest. 78: 1287-1295.
44. Taskinen, M-R. 1995. Insulin resistance and lipoprotein metabolism. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 6: 153-160.
45. Nigon, F., P. Lesnik, M. Rouis, and M. J. Chapman. 1991. Discrete subspecies of human low density lipoproteins are heterogeneous in their interaction with cellular LDL receptor. J. Lipid Res. 32: 1741-1753.
46. Shepherd, J., C. J. Packard, J. M. Stewart, B. D. Vallance, T. D. V. Lawrie, and H. G. Morgan. 1980. The relationship between the cholesterol content and subfraction distribution of plasma high density lipoproteins. Clin. Chem. Acta. 101: 57-62.
47. Guérin, M., P. J. Dolphin, and M. J. Chapman. 1994. Preferential cholesteryl ester acceptors among the LDL subspecies of subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia. Arterioscler. Thromb. 14: 679-685.
48. Demant, T., C. Mathes, K. Gutlich, A. Bedynek, H. B. Steinhauer, T. Bosch, C. J. Packard, and G. L. Warwick. 1998. A simultaneous study of the metabolism of apolipoprotein B and albumin in nephrotic patients. Kidney Int. 54: 2064-2080.