A surprising host-guest relationship between 1,2-dichloroethane and the cesium complex of tetrabenzo-24-crown-8

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Volumn 122, Issue 4, 2000, Pages 554-562

  Levitskaia, Tatiana G ^a,b   Bryan, Jeffrey C ^a   Sachleben, Richard A ^a   Lamb, John D ^b   Moyer, Bruce A ^a  

^a OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b Brigham Young University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1,2 DICHLOROETHANE; CESIUM;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL BINDING; CHEMICAL INTERACTION; COMPLEX FORMATION; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DISSOCIATION CONSTANT; LIQUID LIQUID EXTRACTION; MOLECULAR STABILITY;

EID: 0033974233     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja992760j     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
2. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
3. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
4. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
5. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
6. Cation Binding by Macrocycles: Complexation of Cationic Species by Crown Ethers; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Lindoy, L. F. The Chemistry of Macrocyclic Ligand Complexes; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1990. Gokel, G. Crown Ethers & Cryptands; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1991. Cox, B. G.; Schneider, H. Coordination and Transport Properties of Macrocyclic Compounds in Solution; Elsevier: New York, 1992. Crown Compounds: Toward Future Applications; Cooper, S. R., Ed.; VCH: New York, 1992. Crown Ethers and Analogous Compounds; Hiraoka, M., Ed.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1992.
7. Bruening, R. L.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S. In Cation Binding by Macrocycles; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Izatt, R. M.; Pawlak, K.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Bruening, R. L. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2529. Bradshaw, J. S.; Izatt, R. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 338. Zhang, X. X.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Krakowiak, K. E. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 174, 179.
8. Bruening, R. L.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S. In Cation Binding by Macrocycles; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Izatt, R. M.; Pawlak, K.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Bruening, R. L. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2529. Bradshaw, J. S.; Izatt, R. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 338. Zhang, X. X.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Krakowiak, K. E. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 174, 179.
9. Bruening, R. L.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S. In Cation Binding by Macrocycles; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Izatt, R. M.; Pawlak, K.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Bruening, R. L. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2529. Bradshaw, J. S.; Izatt, R. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 338. Zhang, X. X.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Krakowiak, K. E. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 174, 179.
10. Bruening, R. L.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S. In Cation Binding by Macrocycles; Inoue, Y., Gokel, G. W., Eds.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1990. Izatt, R. M.; Pawlak, K.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Bruening, R. L. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 2529. Bradshaw, J. S.; Izatt, R. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1997, 30, 338. Zhang, X. X.; Izatt, R. M.; Bradshaw, J. S.; Krakowiak, K. E. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 174, 179.
11. Moyer, B. A. In Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Cationic Guests, Vol. 1; Gokel, G. W., Vol. Ed.; Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry; Atwood, J. L., Davies, J. E. D., MacNicol, D. D., Vögtle, F., Lehn, J.-M., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1996; pp 377-416.
12. Moyer, B. A. In Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Cationic Guests, Vol. 1; Gokel, G. W., Vol. Ed.; Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry; Atwood, J. L., Davies, J. E. D., MacNicol, D. D., Vögtle, F., Lehn, J.-M., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1996; pp 377-416.
13. Hay, B. P. In Metal-Ion Separation and Preconcentration: Progress and Opportunities; ACS Symposium Series 716; Bond, A. H., Dietz, M. L., Rogers, R. D., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999; pp 102-113. Wipff, G. J. Coord. Chem. 1992, 27, 7. Hancock, R. D. In Perspectives in Coordination Chemistry; Verlag Helv.: Basel, Switzerland, 1992; pp 129-151.
14. Hay, B. P. In Metal-Ion Separation and Preconcentration: Progress and Opportunities; ACS Symposium Series 716; Bond, A. H., Dietz, M. L., Rogers, R. D., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999; pp 102-113. Wipff, G. J. Coord. Chem. 1992, 27, 7. Hancock, R. D. In Perspectives in Coordination Chemistry; Verlag Helv.: Basel, Switzerland, 1992; pp 129-151.
15. Hay, B. P. In Metal-Ion Separation and Preconcentration: Progress and Opportunities; ACS Symposium Series 716; Bond, A. H., Dietz, M. L., Rogers, R. D., Eds.; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999; pp 102-113. Wipff, G. J. Coord. Chem. 1992, 27, 7. Hancock, R. D. In Perspectives in Coordination Chemistry; Verlag Helv.: Basel, Switzerland, 1992; pp 129-151.
16. Gutsche, C. D. Calixarenes Revisited; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1998. Calixarenes: A Versatile Class of Macrocyclic Compounds; Vicens, J., Böhmer, V., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Boston, 1991.
17. Gutsche, C. D. Calixarenes Revisited; The Royal Society of Chemistry: Cambridge, 1998. Calixarenes: A Versatile Class of Macrocyclic Compounds; Vicens, J., Böhmer, V., Eds.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Boston, 1991.
18. de Namor, A. F. D.; Ng, J. C. Y.; Tanco, M. A. L.; Salomon, M. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 14485.
19. Feller, D. J. Phys. Chem. 1997, 101, 2723.
20. Thuéry, P.; Nierlich, M.; Bryan, J. C.; Lamare, V.; Dozol, J.-F.; Asfari, Z.; Vicens, J. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1997, 22, 4191.
21. Cram, D. J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1986, 25, 1039.
22. Hughes, D. L.; Mortimer, C. L.; Truter, M. R. Acta Crystallogr. 1978, B34, 800.
23. Bryan, J. C.; Sachleben, R. A.; Lavis, J. M.; Davis, M. C.; Burns, J. H.; Hay, B. P. Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 2749.
24. Bianchi, A.; Guisti, J.; Paoletti, P.; Mangani, S. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1986, 117, 157.
25. Mercer, M.; Truter, M. R. J. Chem Soc., Dalton Trans. 1973, 2469.
26. Bryan, J. C.; Sachleben, R. A.; Bunick, G. J.; Hay, B. P. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1999, 290, 86-94.
27. Panneerselvam, K.; Sobhia, M. E.; Chacko, K. K.; Weber, E.; Köhler, H.-J.; Pollex, R. J. Inclusion Phenom. Mol. Recognit. Chem. 1992, 13, 29-36.
28. Verboom, W.; Reinhoudt, D. N. In Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Molecular Guests, Vol. 2; Vögtle, F., Vol. Ed.; Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry; Atwood, J. L., Davies, J. E. D., MacNicol, D. D., Vögtle, F., Lehn, J.-M., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1996; pp 495-517.
29. Verboom, W.; Reinhoudt, D. N. In Molecular Recognition: Receptors for Molecular Guests, Vol. 2; Vögtle, F., Vol. Ed.; Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry; Atwood, J. L., Davies, J. E. D., MacNicol, D. D., Vögtle, F., Lehn, J.-M., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, 1996; pp 495-517.
30. Marcus, Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1993, 22 (6), 409. Reichardt, C. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; VCH: Weinheim, 1990. Riddick, J. A.; Bunger, W. B.; Sakano, T. K. Organic Solvents: Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1986; Vol. II.
31. Marcus, Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1993, 22 (6), 409. Reichardt, C. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; VCH: Weinheim, 1990. Riddick, J. A.; Bunger, W. B.; Sakano, T. K. Organic Solvents: Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1986; Vol. II.
32. Marcus, Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1993, 22 (6), 409. Reichardt, C. Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed.; VCH: Weinheim, 1990. Riddick, J. A.; Bunger, W. B.; Sakano, T. K. Organic Solvents: Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, 4th ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1986; Vol. II.
33. Marcus, Y. Ion Properties; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1997.
34. Abraham, M. H.; Liszi, J. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1978, 74, 1604. Markin, V. S.; Volkov, A. G. Electrochim. Acta 1989, 34, 93. Marcus, Y. Ion Salvation; Wiley: Chichester, 1985.
35. Abraham, M. H.; Liszi, J. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1978, 74, 1604. Markin, V. S.; Volkov, A. G. Electrochim. Acta 1989, 34, 93. Marcus, Y. Ion Salvation; Wiley: Chichester, 1985.
36. Abraham, M. H.; Liszi, J. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1978, 74, 1604. Markin, V. S.; Volkov, A. G. Electrochim. Acta 1989, 34, 93. Marcus, Y. Ion Salvation; Wiley: Chichester, 1985.
37. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4714. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 10518. Muzet, N.; Engler, E.; Wipff, G. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 10772. Troxler, L.; Wipff, G. Anal. Sci. 1998, 14(1), 43.
38. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4714. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 10518. Muzet, N.; Engler, E.; Wipff, G. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 10772. Troxler, L.; Wipff, G. Anal. Sci. 1998, 14(1), 43.
39. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4714. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 10518. Muzet, N.; Engler, E.; Wipff, G. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 10772. Troxler, L.; Wipff, G. Anal. Sci. 1998, 14(1), 43.
40. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 4714. Chang, T. M.; Dang, L. X. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 10518. Muzet, N.; Engler, E.; Wipff, G. J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 10772. Troxler, L.; Wipff, G. Anal. Sci. 1998, 14(1), 43.
41. Benjamin, I. Science 1993, 261 (5128), 1558. Schweighofer, K. J.; Benjamin, I. J. Phys. Chem. B 1995, 99, 9974.
42. Benjamin, I. Science 1993, 261 (5128), 1558. Schweighofer, K. J.; Benjamin, I. J. Phys. Chem. B 1995, 99, 9974.
43. Kulawiec, R. J.; Crabtree, R. H. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1990, 99, 89. Yang, P.-F.; Yang, G. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 6937 and references therein.
44. Kulawiec, R. J.; Crabtree, R. H. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1990, 99, 89. Yang, P.-F.; Yang, G. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 6937 and references therein.
45. Colsman, M. R.; Newbound, T. D.; Marshall, L. J.; Noirot, M. D.; Miller, M. M.; Wulfsberg, G. P.; Frye, J. S.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 2349.
46. Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Can. J. Chem. 1992, 70, 726.
47. Van Seggen, D. M.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 31, 2987.
48. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 115. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6808. Butts, M. D.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11831. Huang, D.; Huffman, J. C.; Bollinger, J. C.; Eisenstein, O.; Caulton, K. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7398. Van Seggen, D. M.; Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3453.
49. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 115. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6808. Butts, M. D.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11831. Huang, D.; Huffman, J. C.; Bollinger, J. C.; Eisenstein, O.; Caulton, K. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7398. Van Seggen, D. M.; Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3453.
50. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 115. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6808. Butts, M. D.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11831. Huang, D.; Huffman, J. C.; Bollinger, J. C.; Eisenstein, O.; Caulton, K. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7398. Van Seggen, D. M.; Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3453.
51. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 115. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6808. Butts, M. D.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11831. Huang, D.; Huffman, J. C.; Bollinger, J. C.; Eisenstein, O.; Caulton, K. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7398. Van Seggen, D. M.; Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3453.
52. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 115. Huhmann-Vincent, J.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 6808. Butts, M. D.; Scott, B. L.; Kubas, G. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, 11831. Huang, D.; Huffman, J. C.; Bollinger, J. C.; Eisenstein, O.; Caulton, K. G. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 7398. Van Seggen, D. M.; Hurlburt, P. K.; Anderson, O. P.; Strauss, S. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 3453.
53. Sachleben, R. A.; Deng, Y.; Moyer, B. A. Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 1996, 14, 995.
54. Sachleben, R. A.; Deng, Y.; Moyer, B. A. Sep. Sci. Technol. 1997, 32, 275.
55. Sachleben, R. A.; Moyer, B. A. In Metal-Ion Separation and Preconcentration: Progress and Opportunities; Bond, A. H., Dietz, M. L., Rogers, R. D., Eds.; ACS Symposium Series 716; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1999; pp 114-132.
56. Deng, Y.; Sachleben, R. A.; Moyer, B. A. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1995, 91, 4215.
57. Haverlock, T. J.; Bonnesen, P. V.; Sachleben, R. A.; Moyer, B. A. J. Inclusion Phenom. Mol. Recognit. Chem., in press.
58. Sachleben, R. A.; Bonnesen, P. V.; Descazeaud, T.; Haverlock, T. J.; Urvoas, A.; Moyer, B. A. Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. 1999, 17, 1445.
59. Brown, G. R.; Foubister, A. J. J. Med. Chem. 1983, 26, 590. Pedersen, C. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 7017.
60. Brown, G. R.; Foubister, A. J. J. Med. Chem. 1983, 26, 590. Pedersen, C. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1967, 89, 7017.
61. Harms, K. XCAD4; Universität Marburg, Germany, 1995.
62. SHELXTL, Version 5.10, Bruker AXS, Madison, WI, 1997.
63. Spek, A. L. Acta Crystallogr, Sect. A 1990, 46, C-34.
64. Baes, C. F., Jr.; Moyer, B. A.; Case, G. N.; Case, F. I. Sep. Sci. Technol. 1990, 25, 1675.
65. Baes, C. F., Jr. SXLSQI, A Program for Modeling Solvent Extraction Systems; Report ORNL/TM-13604 Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Oak Ridge, TN, 1998.
66. Henley, E. J.; Seader, J. D. Equilibrium-Stage Separation Operation in Chemical Engineering; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1981.
67. Pitzer, K. S. In Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions; Pitzer, K. S., Ed.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1991; Chapter 3.
68. Konnecke, Th.; Neck, V.; Fanghanel, Th.; Kim, J. I. J. Solution Chem. 1997, 26, 561.
69. Barton, A. F. M. CRC Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1991.
70. Baes, C. F., Jr.; Moyer, B. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 6566.
71. Millero, F. J. Water and Aqueous Solutions; Horne, R. A., Ed.; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1971; pp 519-595.
72. Peng, Z.; Ewig, C. S.; Hwang, M.-J.; Waldman, M.; Hagler, A. T. J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 7243.
73. Bondi, A. J. Phys. Chem. 1964, 68, 441.
74. Chivers, T.; Richardson, J. F.; Smith, N. R. M. Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 2453.
75. Truter, M. R. Struct. Bonding (Berlin) 1973, 16, 71. Dalley, N. K. In Synthetic Multidentale Macrocyclic Compounds; Izatt, R. M., Christensen, J. J.., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1978; pp 207-243.
76. Truter, M. R. Struct. Bonding (Berlin) 1973, 16, 71. Dalley, N. K. In Synthetic Multidentale Macrocyclic Compounds; Izatt, R. M., Christensen, J. J.., Eds.; Academic Press: New York, 1978; pp 207-243.
77. Bajaj, A. V.; Poonia, N. S. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1988, 87, 55-213.
78. Steiner, T. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1996, 6, 1.
79. Hansch, C.; Leo, J. Substituent Constants for Correlation Analysis in Chemistry and Biology; Wiley-Interscience: New York, 1979.
80. Stolwijk, T. B.; Vos, L. C.; Sudölter, E. J. R.; Reinhoudt, D. N. Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 1989, 108, 103-108.
81. Steyaert, G.; Lisa, G.; Gaillard, P.; Boss, G.; F., R.; Girault, H. H.; Carrupt, P.-A.; Testa, B. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1997, 93, 401-406.
82. Moyer, B. A.; Bonnesen, P. V. In The Supramolecular Chemistry of Anions; Bianchi, A., Bowman-James, K., Garcia-Espana., E., Eds., VCH: Weinheim, 1997.
83. Kolthoff, I. M.; Chantooni, M. K.; Wang, W.-J. J. Chem. Eng. Data 1993, 38, 556.
84. Fuoss, R. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1958, 80, 5059-5061.
85. Czapkiewicz, J.; Czapkiewicz-Tutaj, B. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1 1980, 76, 1663-1668.
86. Samec Z.; Papoff, P. Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 1010.