Palaeoecological evidence for the prehistoric settlement of Bodmin Moor, Cornwall, southwest England. Part I: The status of woodland and early human impacts

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 27, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 423-438

  Gearey, B R ^a   Charman, D J ^b   Kent, M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bodmin Moor; Early Holocene vegetation; Mesolithic; Neolithic; Palynology

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; HOLOCENE; HUMAN ACTIVITY; PREHISTORIC;

BODMIN MOOR; ENGLAND(CORNWALL); UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 0033948323     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jasc.1999.0472     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Andersen S. T. The identification of wild grass and cereal pollen. Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Årbok. 1979;69-92.
2. Barkham J. P. Penduculate oak woodland in a severe environment - Black Tor Copse, Dartmoor. Journal of Ecology. 66:1978;707-740.
3. Beckett S. C. Pollen analysis of the peat deposits. Smith K., Coppen J., Wainwright G. J., Beckett S. C. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. 1981;205-273.
4. Bender B., Hamilton S., Tilley C. Leskernick: stone worlds; alternative narratives; nested landscapes. Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society. 63:1998;147-179.
5. Bennett K. D. Post-glacial history of Pinus sylvestris in the British Isles. Quaternary Science Reviews. 3:1984;133-135.
6. Bennett K. D. Competitive interactions among forest tree populations in Norfolk during the last ten thousand years. New Phytologist. 103:1986;603-620.
7. Bennett K. D., Birks H. J. B. Post-glacial history of alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in the British Isles. Journal of Quaternary Science. 5:1990;123-133.
8. Bennett K. D., Whittington G., Edwards K. J. Recent plant nomenclatural changes and pollen morphology in the British Isles. Quaternary Newsletter. 73:1994;1-6.
9. Birks H. J. B. Long term ecological change in the British uplands. Usher M. B., Thompson D. B. A. Ecological Change in the Uplands. 1988;37-56 Blackwell, London.
10. Bradshaw R. H. W. Modern pollen representation factors for woods in South-East England. Journal of Ecology. 67:1981;825-842.
11. Brisbane M., Clewes S. The East Moor systems, Altarnun and North Hill, Bodmin Moor, Cornwall. Cornish Archaeology. 18:1979;33-56.
12. Brown A. P. Late Devensian and Flandrian vegetational history of Bodmin Moor, Cornwall. Philosophical Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B267:1977;251-320.
13. Brown A. G. Palaeoecology of Alnus and post-glacial history of floodplain development - pollen percentage and influx data from the west midlands, U.K. New Phytologist. 110:1988;425-436.
14. Bush M. B., Hall A. R. Flandrian Alnus - expansion or immigration? Journal of Biogeography. 14:1987;479-481.
15. Caseldine C. J. Environmental change in Cornwall during the last 13,000 years. Cornish Archaeology. 19:1980;3-17.
16. Caseldine C. J., Hatton J. M. Development of high moorland on Dartmoor - fire and the influence of Mesolithic activity on vegetation change. Chambers F. M. Climatic Change and Human Impact on the Landscape. 1993;119-139 Chapman and Hall, London.
17. Caseldine C. J., Hatton J. M. Vegetation history of Dartmoor: Holocene development and the impact of human activity. Charman D. J., Newnham R. M., Croot D. The Quaternary of Devon and East Cornwall: a Field Guide. 1996a;48-62 Quaternary Research Association, London.
18. Caseldine C. J., Hatton J. M. Into the mists? Thoughts on the prehistoric and historic environmental history of Dartmoor. Proceedings of the Devonshire Archaeological Society. 52:1996b;35-47.
19. Caseldine C. J., Maguire D. J. Review of the prehistoric and historic environment on Dartmoor. Proceedings of the Devon Archaeological Society. 39:1981;119-139.
20. Caseldine C. J., Maguire D. J. Dartmoor. Keeley H. C. M. Environmental Archaeology - A Regional Review. 1986;43-46 Directorate of Ancient Monuments and Historic Building Occasional Paper, London.
21. Chambers F. M., Elliot L. Spread and expansion of Alnus Mill, in the British Isles: timing, agencies and possible vectors. Journal of Biogeography. 16:1989;541-550.
22. Chambers F. M., Price S. M. Palaeoecology of Alnus (alder): early post-glacial rise in a valley mire, north-west Wales. New Phytologist. 101:1985;333-344.
23. Charman D. J., Gearey B. R., West S. New perspectives on prehistoric human impact on the uplands of Devon and Cornwall. Blacksell M., Matthews J., Sims P. Environmental Management and Change in Plymouth and the South-West. 1998;1-19 University of Plymouth Press, Plymouth.
24. Connolly A. P., Godwin H., Megaw A. M. Studies in the post-glacial history of the British vegetation. II - Late-glacial deposits in Cornwall. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B234:1950;397-469.
25. Fleming A. The Dartmoor Reaves: Investigating Prehistoric Land Divisions. 1988;Batsford, London.
26. Gearey, B. R. 1996, Human-Environment Relations on Bodmin Moor During the Holocene, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. University of Plymouth.
27. Gearey B. R., Charman D. J. Rough Tor, Bodmin Moor: testing of some archaeological hypotheses with landscape palaeoecology. Charman D. J., Newnham R. M., Croot D. The Quaternary of Devon and East Cornwall: Field Guide. 1996;101-119 Quaternary Research Association, London.
28. Gearey B. R., Charman D. J., Kent M. Palaeoecological evidence for prehistoric settlement of Bodmin Moor, Cornwall, South-West England. II. Land use changes from the Neolithic to the present. Journal of Archaeological Science. 27:2000.
29. Gearey B. R., Gilbertson D. D. Pollen taphonomy of trees in a windy climate: the Northbay Plantation, Barra, Outer Hebrides. Scottish Geographical Magazine. 113:1997;113-120.
30. Griffith F. M. Archaeological investigations at Colliford Reservoir, Bodmin Moor, 1977-78. Cornish Archaeology. 23:1984;49-139.
31. Grime J. P., Hodgon J. P., Hunt R. Comparative Plant Ecology. 1988.
32. Grimm, E. C. 1991, TILIA and TILIA*GRAPH. Illinois State Museum, Springfield.
33. Harris D., Hooper S., Trudigan P. Excavation of three cairns on Stannon Down. Cornish Archaeology. 23:1984;141-155.
34. Herring P., Lewis B. Ploughing up gatherer-hunters on Bodmin Moor - Mesolithic and later flints from Butterstor and elsewhere on Bodmin Moor. Cornish Archaeology. 31:1992;5-14.
35. Hill, M. O. 1979, DECORANA - a FORTRAN Program for Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Reciprocal Averaging. New York, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University, Ithaca.
36. Huntley B., Birks H. J. B. An Atlas of Past and Present Maps for Europe 0-13000 BP. 1983;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
37. Jacobi R. M. Early Flandrian hunters in the South-West. Proceedings of the Devon Archaeological Society. 37:1979;48-93.
38. Johnson N. D., Rose P. Bodmin Moor: an Archaeological Survey. 1994;English Heritage, London.
39. Leah M. D., Wells C. E., Appleby C., Huckerby E. North West Wetlands Survey 4: the Wetlands of Cheshire. 1997;Lancaster Imprints 5, Lancaster.
40. Maher, L. J. 1982, The palynology of Devil's Lake, South County, Wisconsin, J. C. Knox, L. Clayton, D. M. Mickelson, Quaternary History of the Driftless Area, Wisconsin, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Field Guide No. 5.
41. Maguire D. J., Caseldine C. J. The former distribution of forest and moorland on northern Dartmoor. Area. 17:1985;193-203.
42. Mercer R. J. Excavations at Carn Brea, a Neolithic fortified complex of the third millennium BC. Cornish Archaeology. 9:1981;17-46.
43. Mercer R. J. The Neolithic in Cornwall. Cornish Archaeology. 25:1986;35-80.
44. Moore P. D., Webb J. A., Collinson M. E. An Illustrated Handbook of Pollen Analysis. 1991;Blackwell, London.
45. Oksanen J., Minchin P. R. Instability of ordination results under changes in input data order: explanations and remedies. Journal of Vegetation Science. 8:1997;447-454.
46. Simmons I. G. Pollen diagrams from Dartmoor. New Phytologist. 63:1964;165-180.
47. Simmons I. G., Rand J. I., Crabtree K. Dozmary Pool, Bodmin Moor, Cornwall: a new radiocarbon dated pollen profile. Balaam N. D., Levitan B., Straker V. Studies in Palaeoeconomy and Environment in South-West England. 1987;125-133 British Archaeological Reports, London.
48. Smith A. G. New ferry and the Boreal-Atlantic transition. New Phytologist. 98:1984;38-55.
49. Smith A. G., Cloutman E. W. Reconstruction of Holocene vegetational history in three dimensions at Waun Fignen Felen, an upland site in South-West Wales. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B322:1988;159-219.
50. Stace C. New flora of the British Isles. 1991;University Press, Cambridge.
51. Stockmarr J. Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis. Pollen et Spores. 13:1971;615-621.
52. 14C database and revised CALIB radiocarbon calibration program. Radiocarbon. 35:1993;215-230.
53. Tilley C. The powers of rocks: topography and monument construction on Bodmin Moor. World Archaeology. 28:1996;161-176.
54. Tinsley H. M., Smith R. T. Surface pollen studies across a woodland-heath transition and their application to the interpretation of pollen diagrams. New Phytologist. 73:1974;547-565.
55. Tipping R. Holocene landscape change at Carn Dubh, near Pitlochry, Perthshire, Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science. 10:1995;59-73.
56. Todd M. J. The South-West to AD1000. 1987;Longman, Harlow.
57. Trudigan P. Mesolithic flint scatters around Crowdy Marsh. Cornish Archaeology. 16:1977;21-24.
58. Walker M. J. C., Austin D. Redhill Marsh - a site of possible Mesolithic activity on Bodmin Moor. Cornish Archaeology. 24:1985;15-21.
59. Wardenaar E. C. P. A new hand tool for cutting soil monoliths. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 67:1987;405-407.
60. West, S. Charman, D. J. Grattan, J. P. 1996, Palaeoenvironmental investigations at Tor Royal, central Dartmoor, D. J. Charman, R. M. Newnham, D. Croot, The Quaternary of Devon and East Cornwall: Field Guide, London, Quaternary Research Association, 62, 80.