Early enteral nutrition in the criticality ill

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 145-148

  Stocker, Reto ^a   Haberthür, Christoph ^a   Bürgi, Ulrich ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABDOMINAL DISTENSION; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; CONSTIPATION; CRITICAL ILLNESS; ENTERIC FEEDING; HUMAN; PATIENT CARE; PRESCRIPTION; REVIEW;

EID: 0033926632     PISSN: 13631950     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00075197-200003000-00012     Document Type: Review

References (23)

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12. Kazamias P, Kotzampassi K, Koufogiannis D, Eleftheriadis E. Influence of enteral nutrition-induced splanchnic hyperemia on the septic origin of splanchnic ischemia. World J Surg 1998; 22:6-11. An important experimental demonstration of enteral nutrition-induced improvement of intestinal perfusion in splanchnic ischaemia caused by sepsis. It gives a hint that enteral nutrition is also able to redirect blood flow into the splanchnic area.
13. Purcell PN, Davis Jr K, Branson RD, Johnson DJ. Continuous duodenal feeding restores gut blood flow and increases gut oxygen utilization during PEEP ventilation for lung injury. Am J Surg 1993; 165:188-193.
14. Moore FA, Feliciano DV, Andrassy RJ, McArdle AH, Booth FV, Morgenstein-Wagner TB, et al. Early enteral feeding, compared with parenteral, reduces postoperative septic complications. The results of a meta-analysis. Ann Surg 1992; 216:172-183.
15. Reynolds JV, Kanwar S, Welsh FK, Windsor AC, Murchan P, Barclay GR, et al. Vars Research Award. Does the route of feeding modify gut barrier function and clinical outcome in patients after major upper gastrointestinal surgery? J Parenter Enter Nutr 1997; 21:196-201.
16. Kudsk KA. Gut mucosal nutritional support - enteral nutrition as primary therapy after multiple system trauma. Gut 1994; 35:52-54.
17. Kompan L, Kremzar B, Gadzijev E, Prosek M. Effects of early enteral nutrition on intestinal permeability and the development of multiple organ failure after multiple injury. Intensive Care Med 1999; 25:157-161. One of the only papers demonstrating the importance of immediate enteral feeding.
18. Montejo JC. Enteral nutrition related gastrointestinal complication in critically ill patients: a multicenter study. The Nutritional and Metabolic Working Group of the Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine and Coronary Units. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:1447-1453. This multicentre trial shows that gastric feeding is accompanied by several complications leading to prolonged hospital stay and a higher mortality rate. It demonstrates nicely that it is worth undertaking all attempts in order to overcome obstacles that prevent an adequate enteral food supply.
19. Ott L, Annis K, Hatton J, McClain M, Young B. Postpyloric enteral feeding costs for patients with severe head injury: blind placement, endoscopy and PEG/J versus TPN. J Neurotrauma 1999; 16:233-242. Not new, but another demonstration of the superiority of postpyloric feeding compared with gastric feeding and TPN.
20. Napolitano LM, Wagle M, Heard SO. Endoscopie placement of nasoenteric feeding tubes in critically ill patients: a reliable alternative. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Techn A 1998; 8:395-400.
21. Shang E, Kahler G, Meier-Hellmann A, Scheele J. Advantages of endoscopic therapy of gastrojejunal dissociation in critical care patients. Intensive Care Med 1999; 25:162-165. An interesting study demonstrating not only how gastric overdistension can be avoided but equally importantly that gastric decompression improves physiological peristalsis.
22. McClave SA, Sexton LK, Spain DA, Adams JL, Owens NA, Sullins MB, et al. Enteral tube feeding in the intensive care unit: factors impeding adequate delivery. Crit Care Med 1999; 27:1252-1256. Addresses an important but frequently overlooked problem concerning inadequate calorie supply.
23. Spain DA, McClave SA, Sexton LK, Adams JL, Blanford BS, Sullins ME, et al. Infusion protocol improves delivery of enteral tube feeding in the critical care unit. J Parenter Enter Nutr 1999; 23:288-292. This study shows how a simple measure can improve the delivery of enteral nutrition. It also shows that it is much more difficult to overcome ignorance.