A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial of intravenous magnesium sulfate for foscarnet-induced ionized hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia in patients with AIDS and cytomegalovirus infection

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Volumn 44, Issue 8, 2000, Pages 2143-2148

  Huycke, Mark M ^a,b   Naguib, M Tarek ^a,c   Stroemmel, Mathias M ^a,c   Blick, Kenneth ^a   Monti, Katherine ^d,e   Martin Munley, Sarah ^d,f   Kaufman, Chris ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^b Infectious Diseases (111C)   (United States)

^c Astra USA Inc ^*  (United States)

^d Astra USA   (United States)

^e Rho Inc   (United States)

^f VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM ION; FOSCARNET; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; PLACEBO;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ARTICLE; ATAXIA; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; DOSE CALCULATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; HORMONE RELEASE; HUMAN; HYPOCALCEMIA; HYPOMAGNESEMIA; MAGNESIUM BLOOD LEVEL; MUSCLE SPASM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEIZURE; VERTIGO;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ADULT; AIDS-RELATED OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; CALCIUM; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FOSCARNET; HUMANS; HYPOCALCEMIA; INFUSIONS, INTRAVENOUS; MAGNESIUM; MAGNESIUM SULFATE; MALE; PARATHYROID HORMONE; PILOT PROJECTS;

EID: 0033915557     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.44.8.2143-2148.2000     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. 2+ in whole blood, serum and plasma. Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 14:297-304.
2. Anast, C. S., J. L. Winnacker, L. R. Forte, and T. W. Burns. 1976. Impaired release of parathyroid hormone in magnesium deficiency. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 42:707-717.
3. Aweeka, F., J. Gambertoglio, J. Mills, and M. A. Jacobson. 1989. Pharmacokinetics of intermittently administered intravenous foscarnet in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with serious cytomegalovirus retinitis. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 33:742-745.
4. Belfort, M. A., J. Anthony, and G. R. Saade. 1999. Prevention of eclampsia. Semin. Perinatol. 23:65-78.
5. Bourdeau, A., E. Dohin, C. Kindermans, J. C. Souberbielle, C. Katlama, and C. Sachs. 1995. Functional hypoparathyroidism induced by foscarnet in AIDS patients treated for CMV related disease is connected with low ionized magnesium: a breakthrough of its electrometric determination. Bone 16:210S.
6. Cacoub, P., G. Deray, A. Baumelou, P. Le Hoang, W. Rozenbaum, M. Gentilini, C. Soubrie, F. Rousselie, and C. Jacobs. 1988. Acute renal failure induced by foscarnet: 4 cases. Clin. Nephrol. 29:315-318.
7. Cholst, I. N., S. F. Steinberg, P. J. Tropper, H. E. Fox, G. V. Segre, and J. P. Bilezikian. 1984. The influence of hypermagnesemia on serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels in human subjects. N. Engl. J. Med. 310:1221-1225.
8. Crumpacker, C. S. 1992. Mechanism of action of foscarnet against viral polymerases. Am. J. Med. 92(Suppl. 2A):3S-7S.
9. Deray, G., F. Martinez, C. Katlama, B. Levaltier, H. Beaufils, M. Danis, M. Rozenheim, A. Baumelou, E. Dohin, M. Gentilini, and C. Jacobs. 1989. Foscarnet nephrotoxicity: mechanism, incidence and prevention. Am. J. Nephrol. 9:316-321.
10. Erlich, K. S., M. A. Jacobson, J. E. Koehler, S. E. Follansbee, D. P. Drennan, L. Gooze, S. Safrin, and J. Mills. 1989. Foscarnet therapy for severe acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus type-2 infections in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): an uncontrolled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 110:710-713.
11. Estep, H., W. A. Shaw, C. Watlington, R. Hobe, W. Holland, and S. G. Tucker. 1969. Hypocalcemia due to hypomagnesemia and reversible parathyroid hormone unresponsiveness. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 29:842-848.
12. Fuss, M., E. Cogan, C. Gillet, R. Karmali, J. Geurts, A. Bergans, H. Brauman, R. Bouillon, and J. Corvilain. 1985. Magnesium administration reverses the hypocalcaemia secondary to hypomagnesaemia despite low circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D. Clin. Endocrinol. 22:807-815.
13. Gearhart, M. O., and T. B. Sorg. 1993. Foscarnet-induced severe hypomagnesemia and other electrolyte disorders. Ann. Pharmacother. 27:285-289.
14. Gomez, M. N. 1998. Magnesium and cardiovascular disease. Anesthesiology 89:222-240.
15. Guillaume, M. P., R. Karmali, P. Bergmann, and E. Cogan. 1997. Unusual prolonged hypocalcemia due to foscarnet in a patient with AIDS. Clin. Infect. Dis. 25:932-933.
16. Idama, T. O., and S. W. Lindow. 1998. Magnesium sulphate: a review of clinical pharmacology applied to obstetrics. Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 105: 260-268.
17. Jacobson, M. 1992. Review of the toxicities of foscarnet. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 5:S11-S17.
18. Jacobson, M. A., J. G. Gambertoglio, F. T. Aweeka, D. M. Causey, and A. A. Portale. 1991. Foscarnet-induced hypocalcemia and effects of foscarnet on calcium metabolism. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 72:1130-1135.
19. Jacobson, M. A., J. J. O'Donnell, and J. Mills. 1989. Foscarnet treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 33:736-741.
20. Jones, K. H., and P. Fourman. 1966. Effects of infusions of magnesium and of calcium in parathyroid insufficiency. Clin. Sci. 30:139-146.
21. Katlama, C., E. Dohin, E. Caumes, I. Cochereau-Massin, C. Brancon, M. Robinet, O. Rogeaux, R. Dahan, and M. Gentilini. 1992. Foscarnet induction therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS: comparison of twice-daily and three-times-daily regimens. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 5(Suppl. 1): S18-S24.
22. Levi, J., S. G. Massry, J. W. Coburn, F. Llach, and C. R. Kleeman. 1974. Hypocalcemia in magnesium-depleted dogs: evidence for reduced responsiveness to parathyroid hormone and relative failure of parathyroid gland function. Metabolism 23:323-335.
23. +-phosphate cotransport in opossum kidney cells. Am. J. Physiol. 263:F301-F310.
24. Lor, E., and Y. Q. Liu. 1994. Neurologic sequelae associated with foscarnet therapy. Ann. Pharmacother. 28:1035-1037.
25. Neter, J., W. Wasserman, and M. H. Kutner. 1990. Applied linear statistical models, p. 1083-1117. Irwin, Boston, Mass.
26. Noormohamed, F. H., M. S. Youle, B. Tang, S. Martin-Munley, B. G. Gazzard, A. F. Lant, C. J. Higgs, and C. Piner. 1996. Plasma and renal effects of foscarnet in HIV seropositive patients. Antivir. Ther. 1:172-179.
27. Palestine, A. G., M. A. Polis, M. D. De Smet, B. K. Baird, J. Falloon, J. A. Kovacs, R. T. Davey, J. J. Zurlo, K. M. Zunich, M. Davis, L. Hubbard, R. Brothers, F. L. Ferris, E. Chew, J. L. Davis, B. I. Rubin, S. D. Mellow, J. A. Metcalf, J. Manischewitz, J. R. Minor, R. B. Nussenblatt, H. Masur, and C. H. Lane. 1991. A randomized, controlled trial of foscarnet in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. Ann. Intern. Med. 115:665-673.
28. Polis, M. A. 1992. Foscarnet and ganciclovir in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 5(Suppl. 1):S3-S10.
29. Quamme, G. A. 1997. Renal magnesium handling: new insights in understanding old problems. Kidney Int. 52:1180-1195.
30. Rizzo, M. A., M. Fisher, and J. P. Lock. 1993. Hypermagnesemic pseudocoma. Arch. Intern. Med. 153:1130-1132.
31. Ryrfeldt, A., T. Nordgren, and J. Lundstrom. 1992. Hypocalcemia induced by foscarnet (foscavir) infusion in dogs. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 18:126-130.
32. Safrin, S., C. Crumpacker, P. Chatis, R. Daves, R. Hafenr, J. Rush, H. Kessler, B. Landry, and J. Mills. 1991. A controlled trial comparing foscarnet with vidarabine for acyclovir-resistant mucocutaneous herpes simplex in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 325:551-555.
33. Smith, P. K., A. W. Winkler, and H. E. Hopp. 1942. The pharmacological actions of parenterally administered magnesium salts: a review. Anesthesiology 3:323-330.
34. Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group in Collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. 1995. Morbidity and toxic effects associated with ganciclovir or foscarnet therapy in a randomized cytomegalovirus retinitis trial. Arch. Intern. Med. 155:65-74.
35. Studies of Ocular Complications of AIDS Research Group in Collaboration with the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. 1996. Combination foscarnet and ganciclovir therapy vs monotherapy for the treatment of relapsed cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with AIDS. The cytomegalovirus retreatment trial. Arch. Ophthalmol. 114:23-33.
36. Stünzi, H., and D. D. Perrin. 1979. Stability constants of metal complexes of phosphonoacetic acid. J. Inorg. Chem. 10:309-316.
37. Sydow, M., T. A. Crozier, S. Zielmann, J. Radke, and H. Burchardi. 1993. High-dose intravenous magnesium sulfate in the management of life-threatening status asthmaticus. Intensive Care Med. 19:467-471.
38. Weisinger, J. R., and E. Bellorín-Font. 1998. Magnesium and phosphorus. Lancet 352:391-396.