Multiscale soil and vegetation patchiness along a gradient of herbivore impact in a semi-arid grazing system in West Africa

Plant Ecology

Volumn 148, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 207-224

  Rietkerk, Max ^a   Ketner, Pieter ^a   Burger, Joep ^a   Hoorens, Bart ^a,b   Olff, Han ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cattle grazing; Infiltration capacity; Plant soil feedback; Run off run on patterns; Soil nutrients; Spatial heterogeneity

Indexed keywords

DISTURBANCE; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; GRAZING; HERBIVORY; PATCHINESS; SOIL-VEGETATION INTERACTION; WATERING POINT;

BURKINA FASO;

CYMBOPOGON SCHOENANTHUS;

EID: 0033910820     PISSN: 13850237     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1009828432690     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Andrew, M. H. 1988. Grazing impact in relation to livestock watering points. Trends Ecol. Evol. 12: 336-339.
2. Bolton, H. Jr, Smith, J. L. & Link, S. O. 1993. Soil microbial biomass and activity of a disturbed and undisturbed shrub-steppe ecosystem. Soil Biol. Biochem. 25: 545-552.
3. Breman, H. & De Wit, C. T. 1983. Rangeland productivity and exploitation in the Sahel. Science 221: 1341-1347.
4. Burrough, P. A. 1995. Spatial aspects of ecological data. Pp. 213-251. In: Jongman, R. H. G., Ter Braak, C. J. F. & Van Tongeren, O. F. R. (eds), Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
5. Buurman, P., Pape Th. & Muggler, C. C. 1997. Laser grain-size determination in soil genetic studies. 1. Practical problems. Soil Sci. 162: 211-218.
6. Elwell, H. A. & Stocking, M. A. 1976. Vegetal cover to estimate soil erosion hazard in Rhodesia. Geoderma 15: 61-70.
7. Gross, K. L., Pregitzer K. S. & Burton, A. J. 1995. Spatial variation in nitrogen availability in three successional plant communities. J. Ecol. 83: 357-367.
8. Jackson, R. B. & Caldwell, M. M. 1993. Geostatistical patterns of soil heterogeneity around individual perennial plants. J. Ecol. 81: 683-692.
9. Kamphorst, A. 1987. A small rainfall simulator for the determination of soil erodibility. Neth. J. Agric. Sci. 35: 407-414.
10. Kelly, R. D. & Walker, B. H. 1976. The effects of different forms of land use on the ecology of a semi-arid region in south-eastern Rhodesia. J. Ecol. 64: 553-576.
11. Kiepe, P. 1995. No runoff, no soil loss; soil and water conservation in hedgerow barrier systems. Tropical Resource Management Papers no. 10. Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen.
12. Ludwig, J. A. & Tongway, D. J. 1995. Spatial organisation of landscapes and its function in semi-arid woodlands, Australia. Landscape Ecol. 10: 51-63.
13. Mulders, M. A. 1996. Soil and land use of the Kaibo area at medium scale. Programme de Recherche Aménagement et Gestion de l'Espace Sylvo-Pastoral au Sahel, Antenne Sahélienne de l'Université Agronomique Wageningen, Pays- Bas et de l'Université de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
14. Rietkerk, M., Van den Bosch, F. & Van de Koppel, J. 1997. Site-specific properties and irreversible vegetation changes in semi-arid grazing systems. Oikos 80: 241-252.
15. Rietkerk, M. & Van de Koppel, J. 1997. Alternate stable states and threshold effects in semi-arid grazing systems. Oikos 79: 69-76.
16. Robertson, G. P. & Gross, K. L. 1994. Assessing the heterogeneity of belowground resources: quantifying pattern and scale. Pp 237-252. In: Caldwell, M. M. & Pearcy, R. W. (eds), Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants. Academic Press, New York.
17. Robertson, G. P., Huston, M. A., Evans, F. C. & Tiedje, J. H. 1988. Spatial variability in a successional plant community: patterns of nitrogen availability. Ecology 69: 1517-1524.
18. Robertson, G. P., Klingensmith, K. M., Klug, M. J., Paul, E. A., Crum, J. R. & Ellis, B. G. 1997. Soil resources, microbial activity, and primary production across an agricultural ecosystem. Ecol. Applic. 7: 158-170.
19. Ryel, R. J., Caldwell, M. M. & Manwaring, J. H. 1996. Temporal dynamics of spatial heterogeneity in sagebrush-wheatgrass steppe during a growing season. Plant Soil 184: 299-309.
20. Schlesinger, W. H., Raikes, J. A., Hartley, A. E. & Cross, A. F. 1996. On the spatial pattern of soil nutrients in desert ecosystems. Ecology 77: 364-374.
21. Schlesinger, W. H., Reynolds, J. F., Cunningham, G. L., Huenneke, L. F., Jarrell, W. M., Virginia, R. A. & Whitford, W. G. 1990. Biological feedbacks in global desertification. Science 247: 1043-1048.
22. Stark, J. M. 1994. Causes of soil nutrient heterogeneity at different scales. Pp. 255-284. In: Caldwell, M. M. & Pearcy, R. W. (eds), Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants. Academic Press, New York.
23. Stein, A., Brouwer, J. & Bouma, J. 1997. Methods for comparing spatial variability patterns of millet yield and soil data. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 61: 861-870.
24. Stroosnijder, L. 1976. Infiltratie en herverdeling van water in de grond (Versl. Landbouwk. Onderz. 847). Pudoc, Wageningen.
25. Stroosnijder, L. 1996. Modelling the effect of grazing on infiltration, runoff and primary production in the Sahel. Ecol. Modelling 92: 79-88.
26. Tolsma, D. J., Ernst W. H. O. & Verwey, R. A. 1987. Nutrients in soil and vegetation around two artificial waterpoints in eastern Botswana. J. Appl. Ecol. 24: 991-1000.
27. Tongway, D. J. & Ludwig, J. A. 1994. Small-scale heterogeneity in semi-arid landscapes. Pacific Cons. Biol. 1: 201-208.
28. Valentin, C. 1985. Effects of grazing and trampling on soil deterioration around recently drilled water holes in the Sahelian Zone. Pp 51-65. In: El-Swaify, S. A., Moldenhauer, W. C. & Lo, A. (eds), Soil Erosion and Conservation. Soil Conservation Society of America, Ankeny.
29. Van Breemen, N. 1993. Soils as biotic constructs favouring net primary productivity. Geoderma 57: 183-211.
30. Vinton, M. A. & Burke, I. G. 1995. Interactions between individual plant species and soil nutrient status in shortgrass steppe. Ecology 76: 1116-1133.
31. Wedin, D. A. & Tilman, D. 1990. Species effects on nitrogen cycling: a test with perennial grasses. Oecologia 84: 433-441.
32. Wilson, J. B. & Agnew, A. D. Q. 1992. Positive-feedback switches in plant communities. Adv. Ecol. Res. 23: 264-336.