Flash smelting and converting furnaces: A 50 year retrospect

JOM

Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2000, Pages 57-61

  Kojo, Ilkka V ^a   Jokilaakso, Ari ^b   Hanniala, Pekka ^b  

^a Outokumpu Oyj   (Finland)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENCHMARKING; COOLING; METALLURGICAL FURNACES; TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER;

FLASH SMELTING;

COPPER SMELTING;

EID: 0033907753     PISSN: 10474838     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11837-000-0049-5     Document Type: Article

References (15)

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2. P. Hanniala, "Copper Smelting Technology - How Outokumpu Sees Flash Smelting Technology Advancing" (Paper presented at the Metal Bulletin Conference, Santiago, Chile, 1990).
3. I.V. Kojo and P. Hanniala, "Flash Smelting - Leading the Way to New Century" (Paper presented at the Second Int. Symp. Met. Processes for the Year 2000 and Beyond, San Diego, CA, 21-23 September 1994).
4. P. Hanniala and I.V. Kojo, "Utilization of Outokumpu Flash Technology to Meet Environmental Requirements," COPPER 95-COBRE 95 Int. Conf., Vol. II: Mineral Processing and Environment, ed. A. Casali et al. (Montreal, Canada: Metallurgical Society of CIM, 1995).
5. J. Asteljoki et al., "Flash Converting - Continuous Converting of Copper Mattes," Journal of Metals, 37 (5) (1985), pp. 20-23.
6. P. Hanniala, I.V. Kojo, and M. Kytö, "The Kennecott-Outokumpu Flash Converting Process, Facts and Fictions" (Paper presented at the TMS Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, 27 February-3 March 1994).
7. D.B. George, R.J. Gottling, and C.J. Newman, "Modernization of Kennecott Utah Copper Smelter," COPPER 95-COBRE 95 Int. Conf., Vol. IV: Pyrometallurgy of Copper, ed. W.J. Chen et al. (Montreal, Canada: Metallurgical Society of CIM, 1995).
8. B.D. Farmer and C.J. Newman, "Kennecott Utah Copper Smelter and Refinery Environmental Benchmarking" (Paper presented at CRU's Benchmarking Base Metals Operations Conference, Tucson, Arizona, 5-6 November 1998).
9. J.A. Asteljoki and H.B. Muller, "Direct Smelting of Blister Copper-Pilot Flash Smelting Tests of Olympic Dam Concentrate," Pyrometallurgy '87 (London: Institution of Min. Met., 1987), pp. 19-52.
10. T.J.A. Smith, I. Posener, and C.J. Williams, "Oxygen Smelting the Olympic Dam Project" (Paper presented at the CIM Annual Meeting 1987, Winnipeg, Canada, 1987).
11. P. Hanniala, L. Helle, and I.V. Kojo, "Competitiveness of the Outokumpu Flash Smelting Technology. Now and in the Third Millennium," 4th Int. Conf. Copper 99 - Cobre 99. Vol. V: Smelting Operations and Advances, ed. D.B. George et al. (Warrendale, PA: TMS, 1999), pp. 221-238.
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13. I.V. Kojo, T. Mäkinen, and P. Hanniala, "Direct Outokumpu Nickel Flash Smelting Process - DON - High Metal Recoveries with Minimum Emissions" (Paper presented at the CIM Conference, Sudbury, Canada, August 1997).
14. E. Nermes, "Flash Smelting of Pyrite Concentrate at Kokkola, Finland" (Paper presented at the First International Flash Smelting Congress, Finland, October 1972).
15. E. Krogerus, J. Sulanto, and T. Talonen, "The Outokumpu Lead Flash Smelting Process" (Paper presented at the AusIMMSymp. on Extractive Metallurgy, Melbourne, Australia, November 1984).