Ventricular fibrillation: Mechanisms of iniation maintenance

Annual Review of Physiology

Volumn 62, Issue , 2000, Pages 25-50

  Jalife, J ^a  

^a SUNY UPSTATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiac turbulence; Fibrillatory conduction; Phase singularities; Rotors; Scroll waves; Spiral waves; Sudden death; Ventricles; Vortex like reentry; Wavebreaks

Indexed keywords

CORONARY ARTERY BLOOD FLOW; ELECTRIC ACTIVITY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; HEART CONTRACTION; HEART RATE; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SUDDEN DEATH;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION;

EID: 0033865749     PISSN: 00664278     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.62.1.25     Document Type: Review

References (126)

1. Clinical and experimental pathophysiology of sudden cardiac death
2. Sudden cardiac death
3. The mechanism and nature of ventricular fibrillation
4. On the multiple wavelet hypothesis of atrial fibrillation
5. A computer model of atrial fibrillation
6. Electrical turbulence in three-dimensional heart muscle
7. Mechanism of the formation of closed pathways of conduction in excitable media
8. Mathematical models of cardiac arrhythmias (spiral waves)
9. Quasiperiodicity and chaos in cardiac fibrillation
10. A computerized method for the rapid display of ventricular activation during the intraoperative study of arrhythmias
11. On-line epicardial mapping of intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias: Initial clinical experience
12. Stimulus induced critical point: Mechanism for the electrical initiation of reentry in normal canine myocardium
13. Reentrant wave fronts in Wiggers' stage II ventricular fibrillation
14. Merocyanine 540 as an optical probe of transmembrane electrical activity in the heart
15. Optical recordings of the rabbit heart show that defibrillation strength shocks prolong the duration of depolarization and the refractory period
16. Stationary and drifting spiral waves of excitation in isolated cardiac muscle
17. Spiral waves of excitation underlie reentrant activity in isolated cardiac muscle
18. High current stimuli to the spared epicardium of a large infarct induce ventricular tachycardia
19. Activation patterns during ventricular fibrillation
20. Mechanisms of cardiac fibrillation
21. Spatial and temporal organization during cardiac fibrillation
22. Sphygmology through the centuries, Historical notes
23. On the influence of the coronary circulation on the action of the heart
24. Einige neue Versuche uber Herzbgwegung
25. Notes sur les effets de la faradisation directe des ventricules du coeur chez le chien
26. Fibrillar contraction of the heart
27. Electrical stimulation of the heart in man
28. Heart irregularities, resulting from the inhalation of low percentages of chloroform vapour, and their relationship to ventricular fibrillation
29. Fibrillation of ventricles at the end of an attack of paroxysmal tachycardia in man
30. Observations on the physiology of Purkinje tissue
31. The nature of fibrillary contraction of the heart - Its relation to tissue mass and form
32. On electrical stimulation of the mammalian heart
33. On dynamic equilibrium in the heart
34. The mathematical formulation of the problem of conduction of impulses in a network of connected excitable elements, specifically in cardiac muscle
35. Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia
36. Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia. II. The role of nonuniform recovery of excitability in the occurrence of unidirectional block as studied with multiple microelectrodes
37. Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia. III. The 'leading circle' concept: A new model of circus movement in cardiac tissue without the involvement of an anatomical obstacle
38. Studies on ventricular fibrillation produced by electric shock. II. Cinematographic and electrocardiographic observations of the natural process in the dog's heart
39. Quantification of effects of global ischemia on dynamics of ventricular fibrillation in isolated rabbit heart
40. Fibrillation
41. On circulating excitation on heart muscles and their possible relation to tachycardia and fibrillation
42. Introductory remarks to part III of experimental methods for the evaluation of drugs in various disease states
43. Atrial fibrillation as a serf-sustaining arrhythmia independent of focal discharge
44. Nonuniform recovery of excitability in ventricular muscle
45. Experimental evaluation of Moe's multiple wavelet hypothesis of atrial fibrillation
46. Endocardial mapping of ventricular tachycardia in the intact human ventricle: Evidence for reentrant mechanisms
47. Ventriculaf fibrillation is not always due to multiple wavelet reentry
48. Spatiotemporal evolution of ventricular fibrillation
49. Ventricular fibrillation
50. Drifting vortices of electrical waves underlie ventricular fibrillation in the rabbit heart
51. Self-organization and the dynamical nature of ventricular fibrillation
52. Die physiologie und pharmakologie des Flimmers
53. Ventricular fibrillation due to single, localized induction and condenser shocks applied during the vulnerable phase of ventricular systole
54. Comparison of the vulnerable period and fibrillation thresholds of normal and idioventricular beats
55. Analysis of the initiation of fibrillation by electrographic studies
56. Studies on flutter and fibrillation. V. Some notes on the theory of flutter
57. The electrical thresholds of ventricular myocardium
58. Vortex action potentials in normal ventricular muscle
59. The induction of reentry in cardiac tissue. The missing link: How electric fields alter transmembrane potential
60. Influence of shock strength and timing on induction of ventricular arrhythmias in dogs
61. Electrical instability in cardiac muscle: Phase singularities and rotors
62. Theory of spirals
63. Mechanism of ventricular vulnerability to single premature stimuli in open chest dogs
64. Spiral wave activity a common mechanism for polymorphic and monomorphic ventricular tachycardias
65. Spiral waves in the heart: Experimental demonstration of a theory
66. Repetitive extrasystole as an index of vulnerability to ventricular fibrillation
67. On the formation of circulating patterns of excitation in anisotropic excitable media
68. Vetricular reentry in three dimensions
69. Simulation studies of the electrocardiogram. I. The normal heart
70. A mechanism for anisotropic reentry in electrically active tissue
71. Nonsustained reentry following successive stimulation of cardiac tissue through a unipolar electrode
72. Complex dynamics following unipolar stimulation during the vulnerable phase
73. Three dimensional vortex-like reentry
74. Influence of anisotropic tissue structure on reentrant circuit in the epicardial border zone of subacute canine infarcts
75. Canine ventricular arrhythmias in the late myocardial infarction period. 8. Epicardial mapping of reentrant circuits
76. Mechanisms of arrhythmogenic delayed and early afterdepolarizations in ferret ventricular muscle
77. Correlation between the effects of ouabain in the canine electrocardiogram and transmembrane potential of isolated Purkinje fibers
78. The electrophysiological mechanism of ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndrome: Three-dimensional mapping of activation and recovery patterns
79. Optical mapping of drug-induced polymorphic arrhythmias and torsades de pointes in the isolated rabbit heart
80. Spiral waves of chemical activity
81. Rotating spiral waves created by geometry
82. Organizing centers for three-dimensional chemical waves
83. Scroll-shaped waves in chemical activity in three dimensions
84. Anchoring of vortex filaments in 3D excitable media
85. Lateral instabilities of a wave front in the Ce-catalyzed Belousov- Zhabotinsky reaction
86. Instability of autowaves in excitable media associated with the phenomenon of critical curvature
87. Wavelet formation in excitable cardiac tissue: The role of wave-front- obstacle intractions in initiating high-frequency fibrillatory-like arrhythmias
88. Vortex shedding as a precursor of turbulent electrical activity in cardiac muscle
89. On the diffraction of autowaves
90. Electrical turbulence as a result of the critical curvature for propagation in cardiac tissue
91. The functional role of structural complexities in the propagation of depolarization in the atrium of the dog. Cardiac conduction disturbances due to discontinuities of effective axial resistivity
92. Multiple regional differences in cellular properties that regulate repolarization and contraction in the right atrium of adult and newborn dogs
93. Interaction of inhomogeneities of repolarization with anisotropic propagation in dog atria. A mechanism for both preventing and initiating reentry
94. Spiral breakup as a model of ventricular fibrillation
95. Periodic epicardial breakthroughs and short-lived spiral waves during ventricular fibrillation in the isolated rabbit heart
96. The transition to ventricular fibrillation induced by repeffusion after acute ischemia in the dog: A period of organized epicardial activation
97. Spatial and temporal linking of epicardial activation directions during ventricular fibrillation in dogs
98. The coherence spectrum, a quantitative discriminator of fibrillatory and nonfibrillatory cardiac rhythms
99. A quantitative measurement of spatial order in ventricular fibrillation
100. Some observations on the question: Is ventricular fibrillation 'chaos'?
101. Spatial organization, predictability, and determinism in ventricular fibrillation
102. On the nature of turbulence
103. Computerized mapping of fibrillation in normal ventricular myocardium
104. Reentry in an anatomical model of the heart
105. Frequency analysis of the ECG before and during ventricular fibrillation
106. Signal analysis of ventricular fibrillation
107. Spatial Doppler anomaly in an excitable medium
108. Ventricular tachycardias in the setting of coronary artery disease
109. Gross morphology and fiber geometry in the heart
110. Vortex dynamics in three-dimensional continuous myocardium with fiber rotation: Filament instability and fibrillation
111. Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation. Mother rotors or multiple daughter wavelets, or both?
112. Spatiotemporal periodicity during atrial fibrillation in the isolated sheep heart
113. Dynamics of intramural scroll waves in a 3-dimensional continuous myocardium with rotational anisotropy
114. Autowave approaches to cessation of reentrant arrhythmias
115. Effect of an externally applied electric field on excitation in the cardiac muscle
116. Resonant drift of an autowave vortex in a bounded medium
117. Design principles of a low voltage cardiac defibrillator based on the effect of feedback resonant drift
118. Parametric resonance of a vortex in an active medium
119. Virtual electrode-induced phase singularity. A basic mechanism of defibrillation failure