메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 99, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 305-314

Quasiperiodicity and chaos in cardiac fibrillation

Author keywords

arrhythmia; atrial fibrillation; death, sudden, cardiac; mathematics; ventricular fibrillation

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; COMPUTER MODEL; DOG; ELECTRIC ACTIVITY; GENE MAPPING; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART FIBRILLATION; HEART MUSCLE CONTRACTILITY; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART VENTRICLE FIBRILLATION; MATHEMATICS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUDDEN DEATH;

EID: 0031025038     PISSN: 00219738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1172/JCI119159     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (198)

References (67)
  • 3
    • 0000750349 scopus 로고
    • Experimental evaluation of Moe's multiple wavelet hypothesis of atrial fibrillation
    • D.P. Zipes and J. Jalife, editors. Grune & Stratton, New York.
    • Allessie, M.A., W.J.E.P. Lammers, F.I.M. Bonke, and J. Hollen. 1985. Experimental evaluation of Moe's multiple wavelet hypothesis of atrial fibrillation. In Cardiac Arrhythmias. D.P. Zipes and J. Jalife, editors. Grune & Stratton, New York. 265-276.
    • (1985) Cardiac Arrhythmias , pp. 265-276
    • Allessie, M.A.1    Lammers, W.J.E.P.2    Bonke, F.I.M.3    Hollen, J.4
  • 4
    • 0026451656 scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal linking of epicardial activation directions during ventricular fibrillation in dogs. Evidence for underlying organization
    • Damle, R.S., N.M. Kanaan, N.S. Robinson, Y.Z. Ge, J.J. Goldberger, and A.H. Kadish. 1992. Spatial and temporal linking of epicardial activation directions during ventricular fibrillation in dogs. Evidence for underlying organization. Circulation. 86:1547-1558.
    • (1992) Circulation , vol.86 , pp. 1547-1558
    • Damle, R.S.1    Kanaan, N.M.2    Robinson, N.S.3    Ge, Y.Z.4    Goldberger, J.J.5    Kadish, A.H.6
  • 7
    • 0019815049 scopus 로고
    • Phase locking, period-doubling bifurcations, and irregular dynamics in periodically stimulated cardiac cells
    • Guevara, M.R., L. Glass, and A. Shrier. 1981. Phase locking, period-doubling bifurcations, and irregular dynamics in periodically stimulated cardiac cells. Science (Wash. DC). 214:1350-1353.
    • (1981) Science (Wash. DC) , vol.214 , pp. 1350-1353
    • Guevara, M.R.1    Glass, L.2    Shrier, A.3
  • 8
    • 0025178623 scopus 로고
    • Low dimensional chaos in cardiac tissue
    • Chialvo, D.R., R.F. Gilmour, and J. Jalife. 1990. Low dimensional chaos in cardiac tissue. Nature (Lond.). 343:653-657.
    • (1990) Nature (Lond.) , vol.343 , pp. 653-657
    • Chialvo, D.R.1    Gilmour, R.F.2    Jalife, J.3
  • 10
    • 0024438323 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of myocardial isometric dynamics using parameters of a global model
    • Nwasokwa, O.N., and M.M. Bodenheimer. 1989. Analysis of myocardial isometric dynamics using parameters of a global model. Am. J. Physiol. 257: H1275-H1286.
    • (1989) Am. J. Physiol , vol.257
    • Nwasokwa, O.N.1    Bodenheimer, M.M.2
  • 11
    • 0026507547 scopus 로고
    • Stationary and drifting spiral waves of excitation in isolated cardiac muscle
    • Davidenko, J.M., A.V. Pertsov, J.R. Salomonz, W. Baxter, and J. Jalife. 1992. Stationary and drifting spiral waves of excitation in isolated cardiac muscle. Nature (Lond.). 355:349-351.
    • (1992) Nature (Lond.) , vol.355 , pp. 349-351
    • Davidenko, J.M.1    Pertsov, A.V.2    Salomonz, J.R.3    Baxter, W.4    Jalife, J.5
  • 12
    • 0029116302 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between strong electrical stimulation and reentrant wavefronts in canine ventricular fibrillation
    • Bonometti, C., C. Hwang, D. Hough, J.J. Lee, M.C. Fishbein, H.S. Karagueuzian, and P.S. Chen. 1995. Interaction between strong electrical stimulation and reentrant wavefronts in canine ventricular fibrillation. Circ. Res. 77: 407-416.
    • (1995) Circ. Res , vol.77 , pp. 407-416
    • Bonometti, C.1    Hwang, C.2    Hough, D.3    Lee, J.J.4    Fishbein, M.C.5    Karagueuzian, H.S.6    Chen, P.S.7
  • 14
    • 0023905327 scopus 로고
    • The length of the excitation wave as an index for the susceptibility to reentrant atrial arrhythmias
    • Rensma, P.L., M.A. Allessie, W.J.E.P. Lammers, F.I.M. Bonke, and M.J. Schalij. 1988. The length of the excitation wave as an index for the susceptibility to reentrant atrial arrhythmias. Circ. Res. 62:395-410.
    • (1988) Circ. Res , vol.62 , pp. 395-410
    • Rensma, P.L.1    Allessie, M.A.2    Lammers, W.J.E.P.3    Bonke, F.I.M.4    Schalij, M.J.5
  • 15
    • 0010722802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Van Capelle and Durer model of cardiac action potential generation: Modifications and applications to spiral wave propagation
    • J.G. Anderson and M. Katzper, editors. Society for Computer Simulation, San Diego.
    • Kogan, B.Y., W.J. Karplus, and M.G. Karpoukhin. 1996. The Van Capelle and Durer model of cardiac action potential generation: modifications and applications to spiral wave propagation. In Simulation in Medical Sciences. J.G. Anderson and M. Katzper, editors. Society for Computer Simulation, San Diego. 106-112.
    • (1996) Simulation in Medical Sciences , pp. 106-112
    • Kogan, B.Y.1    Karplus, W.J.2    Karpoukhin, M.G.3
  • 16
    • 0010636334 scopus 로고
    • The third-order action potential model for computer simulation of electrical wave propagation in cadiac tissue
    • H. Power and R.T. Hart, editors. Computational Mechanics Publishers, Boston.
    • Kogan, B.Y., W.J. Karplus, and M.G. Karpoukhin. 1995. The third-order action potential model for computer simulation of electrical wave propagation in cadiac tissue. In Computer Simulations in Biomedicine. H. Power and R.T. Hart, editors. Computational Mechanics Publishers, Boston. 147-154.
    • (1995) Computer Simulations in Biomedicine , pp. 147-154
    • Kogan, B.Y.1    Karplus, W.J.2    Karpoukhin, M.G.3
  • 17
    • 0003604116 scopus 로고
    • John Wiley & Sons, New York.
    • Ripley, B.D. 1981. Spatial Statistics. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 152-158.
    • (1981) Spatial Statistics , pp. 152-158
    • Ripley, B.D.1
  • 20
    • 0027804539 scopus 로고
    • Low dimensional dynamics in cardiac tissues. Experiments and theory
    • W.L. Ditto, editor. SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA.
    • Gilmour, R.F., M. Watanabe, and D.R. Chialvo. 1993. Low dimensional dynamics in cardiac tissues. Experiments and theory. In Chaos in Biology and Medicine. W.L. Ditto, editor. SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, Bellingham, WA. 2-9.
    • (1993) Chaos in Biology and Medicine , pp. 2-9
    • Gilmour, R.F.1    Watanabe, M.2    Chialvo, D.R.3
  • 21
  • 22
    • 43949166788 scopus 로고
    • A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets
    • Rosenstein, M.T., J.J. Collins, and C.J. De Luca. 1993. A practical method for calculating largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets. Physica D. 65:117-134.
    • (1993) Physica D , vol.65 , pp. 117-134
    • Rosenstein, M.T.1    Collins, J.J.2    De Luca, C.J.3
  • 23
    • 0000249427 scopus 로고
    • Lyapunov exponents from observed time series
    • Bryant, P., R.V. Brown, and H.D. Abarbanel. 1990. Lyapunov exponents from observed time series. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65:1523-1526.
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett. , vol.65 , pp. 1523-1526
    • Bryant, P.1    Brown, R.V.2    Abarbanel, H.D.3
  • 24
    • 35949006791 scopus 로고
    • Determining embedding dimension for phase-space reconstruction using a geometrical construction
    • Kennel, M.B., R. Brown, and H.D.I. Abarbanel. 1992. Determining embedding dimension for phase-space reconstruction using a geometrical construction. Phys. Rev. A. 45:3403-3411.
    • (1992) Phys. Rev. A , vol.45 , pp. 3403-3411
    • Kennel, M.B.1    Brown, R.2    Abarbanel, H.D.I.3
  • 25
    • 0022855557 scopus 로고
    • Do climatic attractors exist?
    • Grassberger, P. 1986. Do climatic attractors exist? Nature (Lond.). 323: 609-612.
    • (1986) Nature (Lond.) , vol.323 , pp. 609-612
    • Grassberger, P.1
  • 26
    • 0001413326 scopus 로고
    • Spurious dimension from correlation algorithms applied to limited time series data
    • Theiler, J. 1986. Spurious dimension from correlation algorithms applied to limited time series data. Phys. Rev. A 34:2427-2429.
    • (1986) Phys. Rev. A , vol.34 , pp. 2427-2429
    • Theiler, J.1
  • 27
    • 44049117207 scopus 로고
    • Fundamental limitation for estimating dimensions and Lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems
    • Eckmann, J., and D. Ruelle. 1992. Fundamental limitation for estimating dimensions and Lyapunov exponents in dynamical systems. Physica D 56: 185-187.
    • (1992) Physica D , vol.56 , pp. 185-187
    • Eckmann, J.1    Ruelle, D.2
  • 28
    • 58149318823 scopus 로고
    • Chaotic meander of spiral waves in the FitzHugh-Nagumo system
    • Zhang, H., and A.V. Holden. 1995. Chaotic meander of spiral waves in the FitzHugh-Nagumo system. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals. 5:661-760.
    • (1995) Chaos, Solitons & Fractals , vol.5 , pp. 661-760
    • Zhang, H.1    Holden, A.V.2
  • 30
    • 18344377393 scopus 로고
    • Electrical alternans and spiral wave breakup in cardiac tissue
    • Karma, A. 1994. Electrical alternans and spiral wave breakup in cardiac tissue. Chaos. 4:461-472.
    • (1994) Chaos , vol.4 , pp. 461-472
    • Karma, A.1
  • 31
    • 0002144874 scopus 로고
    • On the problem of turbulence
    • Landau, L. 1944. On the problem of turbulence. Crit. Rev. Acad. Sci. URSS. 44:311-315.
    • (1944) Crit. Rev. Acad. Sci. URSS , vol.44 , pp. 311-315
    • Landau, L.1
  • 32
    • 34250451946 scopus 로고
    • On the nature of turbulence
    • Ruelle, D., and F. Takens. 1971. On the nature of turbulence. Comm. Math. Phys. 20:167-192.
    • (1971) Comm. Math. Phys , vol.20 , pp. 167-192
    • Ruelle, D.1    Takens, F.2
  • 34
    • 22244456151 scopus 로고
    • Strange attractors in weakly turbulent Couette-Taylor flow
    • Brandstater, A. and H.L. Swinney. 1987. Strange attractors in weakly turbulent Couette-Taylor flow. Phys. Rev. A. 35:2207-2220.
    • (1987) Phys. Rev. A , vol.35 , pp. 2207-2220
    • Brandstater, A.1    Swinney, H.L.2
  • 35
    • 0020125672 scopus 로고
    • Study of non-steady convective regimes using Poincare sections
    • Dubois, M., P. Berge, and V. Croquette. 1982. Study of non-steady convective regimes using Poincare sections. J. Physique-Lettres. 43:L-295-L-298.
    • (1982) J. Physique-Lettres , vol.43
    • Dubois, M.1    Berge, P.2    Croquette, V.3
  • 36
    • 35949040339 scopus 로고
    • Onset of turbulence in a rotating fluid
    • Gollub, J.P., and H. Swinney. 1975. Onset of turbulence in a rotating fluid. Phys. Rev. Lett. 35:927-930.
    • (1975) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.35 , pp. 927-930
    • Gollub, J.P.1    Swinney, H.2
  • 37
    • 35949018310 scopus 로고
    • Circle maps and mode-locking in the driven electrical conductivity of barium sodium niobate crystals
    • Martin, S., and W. Martienssen. 1986. Circle maps and mode-locking in the driven electrical conductivity of barium sodium niobate crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 56:1522-1525.
    • (1986) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.56 , pp. 1522-1525
    • Martin, S.1    Martienssen, W.2
  • 39
    • 0000889089 scopus 로고
    • Reaction-diffusion system with Brusselator kinetics - Control of a quasiperiodic route of chaos
    • Chakravarti, S., M. Marek, and W.H. Ray. 1995. Reaction-diffusion system with Brusselator kinetics - control of a quasiperiodic route of chaos. Phys. Rev. E. 52:2407-2423.
    • (1995) Phys. Rev. E , vol.52 , pp. 2407-2423
    • Chakravarti, S.1    Marek, M.2    Ray, W.H.3
  • 40
    • 0001226882 scopus 로고
    • Spiral waves, chaos, and multiple attractors in lattice models of interacting populations
    • Sole, R.V., J. Valls, and J. Bascompte. 1992. Spiral waves, chaos, and multiple attractors in lattice models of interacting populations. Phys. Lett. A. 166:123-128.
    • (1992) Phys. Lett. A , vol.166 , pp. 123-128
    • Sole, R.V.1    Valls, J.2    Bascompte, J.3
  • 41
    • 44949273640 scopus 로고
    • Chemical waves in inhomogeneous excitable media
    • Maselko, J., and K. Showalter. 1991. Chemical waves in inhomogeneous excitable media. Physica D 49:21-32.
    • (1991) Physica D , vol.49 , pp. 21-32
    • Maselko, J.1    Showalter, K.2
  • 42
    • 0027131993 scopus 로고
    • Microscopic spiral waves reveal positive feedback in subcellular calcium signaling
    • Lipp, P., and E. Niggli. 1993. Microscopic spiral waves reveal positive feedback in subcellular calcium signaling. Biophys. J. 65:2272-2276.
    • (1993) Biophys. J , vol.65 , pp. 2272-2276
    • Lipp, P.1    Niggli, E.2
  • 43
    • 0026416651 scopus 로고
    • Spiral calcium wave propagation and annihilation in Xenopus laevis oocytes
    • Lechleiter, J., S. Girard, E. Peralta, and D. Clapham. 1991. Spiral calcium wave propagation and annihilation in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Science (Wash. DC). 252:123-126.
    • (1991) Science (Wash. DC) , vol.252 , pp. 123-126
    • Lechleiter, J.1    Girard, S.2    Peralta, E.3    Clapham, D.4
  • 44
    • 0027402092 scopus 로고
    • Spiral waves of excitation underlie reentrant activity in isolated cardiac muscle
    • Pertsov, A.M., J.M. Davidenko, R. Salomonsz, W.T. Baxter, and J. Jalife. 1993. Spiral waves of excitation underlie reentrant activity in isolated cardiac muscle. Circ. Res. 72:631-650.
    • (1993) Circ. Res , vol.72 , pp. 631-650
    • Pertsov, A.M.1    Davidenko, J.M.2    Salomonsz, R.3    Baxter, W.T.4    Jalife, J.5
  • 45
    • 49949132623 scopus 로고
    • Spread of excitation in an inhomogeneos medium
    • Krinsky, V. 1966. Spread of excitation in an inhomogeneos medium. Biophysics. 11:776-784.
    • (1966) Biophysics , vol.11 , pp. 776-784
    • Krinsky, V.1
  • 46
    • 0001537605 scopus 로고
    • Spiral waves in a model of myocardium
    • Tyson, J.J., and J.P. Keener. 1987. Spiral waves in a model of myocardium. Physica D. 29:215-222.
    • (1987) Physica D , vol.29 , pp. 215-222
    • Tyson, J.J.1    Keener, J.P.2
  • 47
    • 0001537812 scopus 로고
    • Reentrant rotating waves in a Beeler-Reuter based model of two-dimensional cardiac electrical activity
    • Courtemanche, M., and A.T. Winfree. 1991. Reentrant rotating waves in a Beeler-Reuter based model of two-dimensional cardiac electrical activity. Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos. 1:431-444.
    • (1991) Int. J. Bifurc. Chaos , vol.1 , pp. 431-444
    • Courtemanche, M.1    Winfree, A.T.2
  • 48
    • 0002785574 scopus 로고
    • Alternans in periodically stimulated isolated ventricular myocytes: Experiment and model
    • A. Goldbeter, editor. Academic Press, Inc., New York.
    • Guevara, M.R., F. Alonso, D. Jeandupeux, and A.C.G. Ginneken. 1989. Alternans in periodically stimulated isolated ventricular myocytes: experiment and model. In Cell to Cell Signaling. A. Goldbeter, editor. Academic Press, Inc., New York. 551-563.
    • (1989) Cell to Cell Signaling , pp. 551-563
    • Guevara, M.R.1    Alonso, F.2    Jeandupeux, D.3    Ginneken, A.C.G.4
  • 49
    • 0014318908 scopus 로고
    • A graphic method for the study of alternation in cardiac action potentials
    • Nolasco, J.B., and R.W. Dahlen. 1968. A graphic method for the study of alternation in cardiac action potentials. J. Appl Physiol. 25:191-196.
    • (1968) J. Appl Physiol , vol.25 , pp. 191-196
    • Nolasco, J.B.1    Dahlen, R.W.2
  • 50
    • 4243682358 scopus 로고
    • Spiral wave dynamics in a simple model of excitable media
    • Barkley, D., M. Kness, and L.S. Tuckerman. 1990. Spiral wave dynamics in a simple model of excitable media. Phys. Rev. A. 42:2489-2492.
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. A , vol.42 , pp. 2489-2492
    • Barkley, D.1    Kness, M.2    Tuckerman, L.S.3
  • 51
    • 0000655430 scopus 로고
    • Meandering transition in two-dimensional excitable media
    • Karma, A. 1990. Meandering transition in two-dimensional excitable media. Phys. Rev. Lett. 65:2824-2827.
    • (1990) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.65 , pp. 2824-2827
    • Karma, A.1
  • 52
    • 4243999929 scopus 로고
    • Instabilities of a propagating pulse in a ring of excitable media
    • Courtemanche, M., L. Glass, and J. Keener. 1993. Instabilities of a propagating pulse in a ring of excitable media. Phys. Rev. Lett. 70:2182-2185.
    • (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett , vol.70 , pp. 2182-2185
    • Courtemanche, M.1    Glass, L.2    Keener, J.3
  • 53
    • 0023701662 scopus 로고
    • Oscillations of conduction, action potential duration, and refractoriness. a mechanism for spontaneous termination of reentrant tachycardias
    • Frame, L.H., and M.B. Simson. 1988. Oscillations of conduction, action potential duration, and refractoriness. A mechanism for spontaneous termination of reentrant tachycardias. Circulation. 78:1277-1287.
    • (1988) Circulation , vol.78 , pp. 1277-1287
    • Frame, L.H.1    Simson, M.B.2
  • 54
    • 0025039440 scopus 로고
    • Is fibrillation chaos?
    • Kaplan, D.T., and R.J. Cohen. 1990. Is fibrillation chaos? Circ. Res. 67: 886-892.
    • (1990) Circ. Res , vol.67 , pp. 886-892
    • Kaplan, D.T.1    Cohen, R.J.2
  • 55
    • 0025148319 scopus 로고
    • Activation patterns during ventricular fibrillation
    • Witkowski, F.X., and P.A. Penkoske. 1990. Activation patterns during ventricular fibrillation. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 591:219-231.
    • (1990) Ann. NY Acad. Sci , vol.591 , pp. 219-231
    • Witkowski, F.X.1    Penkoske, P.A.2
  • 56
    • 0025643188 scopus 로고
    • Nonhomogeneous local atrial activity during acute atrial fibrillation: Spectral and dynamic analysis
    • Karagueuzian, H.S., S.S. Khan, W. Peters, W.J. Mandel, and G.A. Diamond. 1990. Nonhomogeneous local atrial activity during acute atrial fibrillation: spectral and dynamic analysis. Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 13:1937-1942.
    • (1990) Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol , vol.13 , pp. 1937-1942
    • Karagueuzian, H.S.1    Khan, S.S.2    Peters, W.3    Mandel, W.J.4    Diamond, G.A.5
  • 57
    • 0025801015 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic tracking of cardiac vulnerability by complex demodulation of the T wave
    • Nearing, B.D., A.H. Huang, and R.L. Verrier. 1991. Dynamic tracking of cardiac vulnerability by complex demodulation of the T wave. Science (Wash. DC). 252:437-440.
    • (1991) Science (Wash. DC) , vol.252 , pp. 437-440
    • Nearing, B.D.1    Huang, A.H.2    Verrier, R.L.3
  • 59
    • 0020030199 scopus 로고
    • The effects of diltiazem and reduced serum ionized calcium on ischemic ventricular fibrillation in the dog
    • Clusin, W.T., M.R. Bristow, D.S. Baim, J.S. Schroeder, P. Jaillon, P. Brett, and D.C. Harrison. 1982. The effects of diltiazem and reduced serum ionized calcium on ischemic ventricular fibrillation in the dog. Circ. Res. 50:518-526.
    • (1982) Circ. Res , vol.50 , pp. 518-526
    • Clusin, W.T.1    Bristow, M.R.2    Baim, D.S.3    Schroeder, J.S.4    Jaillon, P.5    Brett, P.6    Harrison, D.C.7
  • 60
    • 0023802275 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ischemia on calcium-dependent fluorescence transients in rabbit hearts containing indo 1. Correlation with monophasic action potentials and contraction
    • Lee, H.C., R. Mohabir, N. Smith, M.R. Franz, and W.T. Clusin. 1988. Effect of ischemia on calcium-dependent fluorescence transients in rabbit hearts containing indo 1. Correlation with monophasic action potentials and contraction. Circulation. 78:1047-1059.
    • (1988) Circulation , vol.78 , pp. 1047-1059
    • Lee, H.C.1    Mohabir, R.2    Smith, N.3    Franz, M.R.4    Clusin, W.T.5
  • 61
    • 0029941377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 receptors with nexopamil during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in dogs: Comparison to diltiazem
    • 2 receptors with nexopamil during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in dogs: comparison to diltiazem. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 27:777-787.
    • (1996) J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol , vol.27 , pp. 777-787
    • Nearing, B.D.1    Hutter, J.J.2    Verrier, R.L.3
  • 63
    • 4243981778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using chaos control and tracking to suppress a pathological nonchaotic rhythm in a cardiac model
    • Christini, D.J., and J.J. Collins. 1996. Using chaos control and tracking to suppress a pathological nonchaotic rhythm in a cardiac model. Phys. Rev. E. 53:R49-R52.
    • (1996) Phys. Rev. E , vol.53
    • Christini, D.J.1    Collins, J.J.2
  • 65
  • 66
    • 0028012204 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of termination of reentrant activity in ventricular fibrillation
    • Cha, Y., U. Birgersdotter-Green, P.L. Wolf, B.B. Peters, and P. Chen. 1994. The mechanism of termination of reentrant activity in ventricular fibrillation. Circulation. 74:495-506.
    • (1994) Circulation , vol.74 , pp. 495-506
    • Cha, Y.1    Birgersdotter-Green, U.2    Wolf, P.L.3    Peters, B.B.4    Chen, P.5
  • 67
    • 0027370478 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of double potentials in a functionally determined reentrant circuit. Multiplexing studies during interruption of atrial flutter in the canine pericarditis model
    • Shimizu, A., A. Nozaki, Y. Rudy, and A.L. Waldo. 1993. Characterization of double potentials in a functionally determined reentrant circuit. Multiplexing studies during interruption of atrial flutter in the canine pericarditis model. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 22:2022-2032.
    • (1993) J. Am. Coll. Cardiol , vol.22 , pp. 2022-2032
    • Shimizu, A.1    Nozaki, A.2    Rudy, Y.3    Waldo, A.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.