Pentacoordinate silicon compounds with SiO5 skeletons containing SiOH or SiOSi groups: Derivatives of the pentahydroxosilicate(1-) anion [Si(OH)5]- and its anhydride [(HO)4Si-O-Si(OH)4]2-

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Volumn 122, Issue 35, 2000, Pages 8480-8485

  Tacke, Reinhold ^a   Burschka, Christian ^a   Richter, Ingo ^a   Wagner, Brigitte ^a   Willeke, Reiner ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SILICIC ACID; SILICON DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; HYDROGEN BOND; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; REACTION ANALYSIS; SYNTHESIS;

EID: 0033832779     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja000637i     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Lickiss, P. D. Adv. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 42, 147-262.
2. 3 skeleton has been described in the literature; however, no information about the structure of this compound has been reported: Stevenson, W. H., III; Wilson, S.; Martin, J. C.; Farnham, W. B. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1985, 107, 6340-6352.
3. A few years ago, the existence of "the first pentacoordinate silanol" (a neutral compound) was claimed in the literature: Karsch, H. H.; Bienlein, F.; Sladek, A.; Heckel, M.; Burger, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5160-5161. However, this report has been questioned more recently: Karsch, H. H.; Schlüter, P. A.; Bienlein, F.; Herker, M.; Witt, E.; Sladek, A.; Heckel, M. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1998, 624, 295-309.
4. A few years ago, the existence of "the first pentacoordinate silanol" (a neutral compound) was claimed in the literature: Karsch, H. H.; Bienlein, F.; Sladek, A.; Heckel, M.; Burger, K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 5160- 5161. However, this report has been questioned more recently: Karsch, H. H.; Schlüter, P. A.; Bienlein, F.; Herker, M.; Witt, E.; Sladek, A.; Heckel, M. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1998, 624, 295-309.
5. 5Si-hydroxosilicate has been reported: Benner, K.; Klüfers, P.; Schuhmacher, J. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1999, 625, 541-543.
6. -; (a) Gordon, M. S.; Carroll, M. T.; Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W. Comput. Mater. Sci. 1993, 1, 161-168. (b) Kubicki, J. D.; Xiao, Y.; Lasaga, A. C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1993, 57, 3847-3853.
7. -; (a) Gordon, M. S.; Carroll, M. T.; Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W. Comput. Mater. Sci. 1993, 1, 161-168. (b) Kubicki, J. D.; Xiao, Y.; Lasaga, A. C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1993, 57, 3847-3853.
8. -: (a) Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3056-3062. (b) Damrauer, R.; Burggraf, L. W.; Davis, L. P.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6601-6606. (c) Deiters, J. A.; Holmes, R. R. Organometallics 1996, 15, 3944-3956. (d) Okumoto, S.; Fujita, N.; Yamabe, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 3991-3998.
9. -: (a) Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3056-3062. (b) Damrauer, R.; Burggraf, L. W.; Davis, L. P.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6601-6606. (c) Deiters, J. A.; Holmes, R. R. Organometallics 1996, 15, 3944-3956. (d) Okumoto, S.; Fujita, N.; Yamabe, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 3991-3998.
10. -: (a) Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3056-3062. (b) Damrauer, R.; Burggraf, L. W.; Davis, L. P.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6601-6606. (c) Deiters, J. A.; Holmes, R. R. Organometallics 1996, 15, 3944-3956. (d) Okumoto, S.; Fujita, N.; Yamabe, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 3991-3998.
11. -: (a) Davis, L. P.; Burggraf, L. W.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 3056-3062. (b) Damrauer, R.; Burggraf, L. W.; Davis, L. P.; Gordon, M. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1988, 110, 6601-6606. (c) Deiters, J. A.; Holmes, R. R. Organometallics 1996, 15, 3944-3956. (d) Okumoto, S.; Fujita, N.; Yamabe, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 1998, 102, 3991-3998.
12. 5 skeletons; however, the identity of these species was established only by elemental analyses: (a) Schmitz-DuMont, O.; Merten, D.; Eiding, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1963, 319, 362-374. (b) Frye, C. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 1205-1210.
13. 5 skeletons; however, the identity of these species was established only by elemental analyses: (a) Schmitz- DuMont, O.; Merten, D.; Eiding, D. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1963, 319, 362- 374. (b) Frye, C. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1970, 92, 1205-1210.
14. The stereodescriptors (Δ) and (Λ) are used according to the "skew line convention" accepted by IUPAC. For an exhaustive examination of this nomenclature system, see: Brorson, M.; Damhus, T.; Schäffer, C. E. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 1569-1573.
15. (a) Tacke, R.; Richter, I.; Wagner, B.; Willeke, R. 32nd Organosilicon Symposium, Milwaukee, WI, March 12-13, 1999, Abstract A-10.
16. (b) Tacke, R. 12th International Symposium on Organosilicon Chemistry - Post-Symposium in Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan, May 29-31, 1999, Abstracts, p 9.
17. Short reviews dealing with recent results in silicon biochemistry: (a) Tacke, R. Angew. Chem. 1999, 111, 3197-3200; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1999, 38, 3015-3018. (b) Morse, D. E. In Organosilicon Chemistry IV: From Molecules to Materials; Auner, N., Weis, J., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2000; pp 5-16. (c) Kröger, N.; Sumper, M. In Biomineralization of Nano- and Micro-Structures; Bäuerlein, E., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany; in press.
18. Short reviews dealing with recent results in silicon biochemistry: (a) Tacke, R. Angew. Chem. 1999, 111, 3197-3200; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1999, 38, 3015-3018. (b) Morse, D. E. In Organosilicon Chemistry IV: From Molecules to Materials; Auner, N., Weis, J., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2000; pp 5-16. (c) Kröger, N.; Sumper, M. In Biomineralization of Nano- and Micro-Structures; Bäuerlein, E., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany; in press.
19. Short reviews dealing with recent results in silicon biochemistry: (a) Tacke, R. Angew. Chem. 1999, 111, 3197-3200; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1999, 38, 3015-3018. (b) Morse, D. E. In Organosilicon Chemistry IV: From Molecules to Materials; Auner, N., Weis, J., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2000; pp 5-16. (c) Kröger, N.; Sumper, M. In Biomineralization of Nano- and Micro-Structures; Bäuerlein, E., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany; in press.
20. Short reviews dealing with recent results in silicon biochemistry: (a) Tacke, R. Angew. Chem. 1999, 111, 3197-3200; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1999, 38, 3015-3018. (b) Morse, D. E. In Organosilicon Chemistry IV: From Molecules to Materials; Auner, N., Weis, J., Eds.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2000; pp 5-16. (c) Kröger, N.; Sumper, M. In Biomineralization of Nano- and Micro-Structures; Bäuerlein, E., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany; in press.
21. Publications taking up this hypothesis: (a) Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1978; pp 783-784. (b) Kaufman, P. B.; Dayanandan, P.; Takeoka, Y.; Bigelow, W. C.; Jones, J. D.; Iler, R. In Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems; Simpson, T. L., Volcani, B. E., Eds.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1981; pp 442-446. (c) Sullivan, C. W. In Silicon Biochemistry; Evered, D., O'Connor, M., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1986; pp 70-73. (d) Mühleisen, M.; Tacke, R. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1615-1617. (e) Tacke, R.; Stewart, A.; Becht, J.; Burschka, C.; Richter, I. Can. J. Chem.; in press.
22. Publications taking up this hypothesis: (a) Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1978; pp 783-784. (b) Kaufman, P. B.; Dayanandan, P.; Takeoka, Y.; Bigelow, W. C.; Jones, J. D.; Iler, R. In Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems; Simpson, T. L., Volcani, B. E., Eds.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1981; pp 442-446. (c) Sullivan, C. W. In Silicon Biochemistry; Evered, D., O'Connor, M., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1986; pp 70-73. (d) Mühleisen, M.; Tacke, R. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1615-1617. (e) Tacke, R.; Stewart, A.; Becht, J.; Burschka, C.; Richter, I. Can. J. Chem.; in press.
23. Publications taking up this hypothesis: (a) Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1978; pp 783-784. (b) Kaufman, P. B.; Dayanandan, P.; Takeoka, Y.; Bigelow, W. C.; Jones, J. D.; Iler, R. In Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems; Simpson, T. L., Volcani, B. E., Eds.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1981; pp 442-446. (c) Sullivan, C. W. In Silicon Biochemistry; Evered, D., O'Connor, M., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1986; pp 70-73. (d) Mühleisen, M.; Tacke, R. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1615-1617. (e) Tacke, R.; Stewart, A.; Becht, J.; Burschka, C.; Richter, I. Can. J. Chem.; in press.
24. Publications taking up this hypothesis: (a) Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1978; pp 783-784. (b) Kaufman, P. B.; Dayanandan, P.; Takeoka, Y.; Bigelow, W. C.; Jones, J. D.; Iler, R. In Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems; Simpson, T. L., Volcani, B. E., Eds.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1981; pp 442-446. (c) Sullivan, C. W. In Silicon Biochemistry; Evered, D., O'Connor, M., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1986; pp 70-73. (d) Mühleisen, M.; Tacke, R. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1615-1617. (e) Tacke, R.; Stewart, A.; Becht, J.; Burschka, C.; Richter, I. Can. J. Chem.; in press.
25. Publications taking up this hypothesis: (a) Iler, R. K. The Chemistry of Silica: Solubility, Polymerization, Colloid and Surface Properties, and Biochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1978; pp 783-784. (b) Kaufman, P. B.; Dayanandan, P.; Takeoka, Y.; Bigelow, W. C.; Jones, J. D.; Iler, R. In Silicon and Siliceous Structures in Biological Systems; Simpson, T. L., Volcani, B. E., Eds.; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1981; pp 442-446. (c) Sullivan, C. W. In Silicon Biochemistry; Evered, D., O'Connor, M., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1986; pp 70-73. (d) Mühleisen, M.; Tacke, R. Chem. Ber. 1994, 127, 1615-1617. (e) Tacke, R.; Stewart, A.; Becht, J.; Burschka, C.; Richter, I. Can. J. Chem.; in press.
26. 5Si-silicate anion. The Flack parameter showed a value of x = 0.05(18) confirming the absolute structure; in this context, see: Flack, H. D. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A 1983, 39, 876-881.
27. 29Si VACP/MAS NMR studies at 23 °C) in the asymmetric unit]. Upon cooling, a reversible phase transition was observed at ca. -47 °C (monitored by DSC).
28. For geometric data of silanols and disiloxanes, see: Kaftory, M.; Kapon, M.; Botoshansky, M. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 181-265.
29. Hydrogen bonding systems were analyzed by using the program PLATON: Spek, A. L., PLATON, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands, 1998.
30. 5 skeletons, see: Tacke, R.; Pfrommer, B.; Pülm, M.; Bertermann, R. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 807-816 and literature cited therein.
31. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
32. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
33. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
34. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
35. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
36. Selected reviews dealing with pentacoordinate silicon compounds: (a) Tandura, S. N.; Voronkov, M. G.; Alekseev, N. V. Top. Curr. Chem. 1986, 131, 99-189. (b) Sheldrick, W. S. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Patai, S., Rappoport, Z., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1989; Part 1, pp 227-303. (c) Chuit, C.; Curriu, R. J. P.; Reye, C.; Young, J. C. Chem. Rev. 1993, 93, 1371-1448. (d) Holmes, R. R. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 927-950. (e) Kost, D.; Kalikhman, I. In The Chemistry of Organic Silicon Compounds; Rappoport, Z., Apeloig, Y., Eds.; Wiley: Chichester, UK, 1998; Vol. 2, Part 1, pp 1339-1445. (f) Tacke, R.; Pülm, M.; Wagner, B. Adv. Organomet. Chem. 1999, 44, 221-273.
37. (a) Sheldrick, G. M., SHELXS-97, University of Göttingen, Germany, 1997. Sheldrick, G. M. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A 1990, 46, 467- 473.
38. (a) Sheldrick, G. M., SHELXS-97, University of Göttingen, Germany, 1997. Sheldrick, G. M. Acta Crystallogr., Sect. A 1990, 46, 467-473.
39. (b) Sheldrick, G. M., SHELXL-97, University of Göttingen, Germany, 1997.