Measurement of presence and its consequences in virtual environments

International Journal of Human Computer Studies

Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2000, Pages 471-491

  Nichols, Sarah ^a   Haldane, Clovissa ^a   Wilson, John R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COMPUTER SIMULATION; DISPLAY DEVICES; INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY; PERSONAL COMPUTERS; REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING; RESPONSE TIME (COMPUTER SYSTEMS); VIRTUAL REALITY;

DESKTOP DISPLAYS; HEAD MOUNTED DISPLAYS; REFLEX RESPONSE;

HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION;

EID: 0033717874     PISSN: 10715819     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/ijhc.1999.0343     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. BARFIELD W., SHERIDAN T., ZELTZER D., SLATER M. Presence and performance within virtual environments. BARFIELD W., FURNESS T. III. Virtual Environments and Advanced Interface Design. 1995;473-513 Oxford University Press, Oxford.
2. BENTALL R. P. The illusion of reality: a review and integration of psychological research on hallucinations. Psychological Bulletin. 107:1990;82-95.
3. BORDWELL D., THOMPSON K. Film Art: An Introduction. 1993;McGraw-Hill, New York.
4. BROWN D. J., KERR S. J., WILSON J. R. Virtual environments in special needs education: the LIVE programme at the University of Nottingham. Communications of the ACM. 40:1997;72-75.
5. COBB S. V. G. Measurement of postural stability before and after immersion in a virtual environment. Applied Ergonomics. 30:1999;47-57.
6. COBB S. V. G., NICHOLS S. C., RAMSEY A., WILSON J. R. Virtual reality induced symptoms and effects (VRISE). Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 8:1999;169-186.
7. D'CRUZ M. D., EASTGATE R. M., WILSON J. R. A study of the issues involved when applying virtual environment technology to training applications. Proceedings of Virtual Reality Universe '97 Conference, Santa Clara, CA. 1997.
8. DRAPER J. V., KABER D. B., USHER J. M. Telepresence. Human Factors. 40:1998;354-375.
9. DURLACH N. I., MAVOR A. S. Virtual Reality: Scientific and Technological Challenges. 1995;National Academy Press, Washington.
10. GIBSON J. J. The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems. 1966;Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
11. GIBSON J. J. The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. 1979;Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
12. HELD R. M., DURLACH N. I. Telepresence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;109-112.
13. HENDRIX C., BARFIELD W. Presence within virtual environments as a function of visual display parameters. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 5:1996a;274-289.
14. HENDRIX C., BARFIELD W. The sense of presence within auditory virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 5:1996b;290-301.
15. HODGES L. F., KOOPER R., MEYER T. C., ROTHBAUM B. O., OPDYKE D., DEGRAAFF J. J., WILLIFORD J. S., NORTH M. M. Virtual Environments for treating the fear of heights. Computer. 28:1995;27-34.
16. KENNEDY R. S., LANE N. E., LILIENTHAL M. G., BERBAUM K. S., HETTINGER L. J. Profile analysis of simulator sickness symptoms: application to virtual environment systems. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;295-301.
17. KUBOVY M. The Psychology of Perspective and Renaissance Art. 1986;Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
18. LOOMIS J. M. Distal attribution and presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;113-119.
19. MCCAULEY M. E., SHARKEY T. J. Cybersickness: perception of motion in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;311-318.
20. NEISSER U. Cognitive Psychology. 1967;Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.
21. NICHOLS, S. 1995, A study of methodologies for investigating effects of immersive virtual reality, Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Operations Management, University of Nottingham, UK.
22. NICHOLS S. Physical ergonomics issues of virtual environment use. Applied Ergonomics. 30:1999a;79-90.
23. NICHOLS S. Virtual reality induced symptoms and effects (VRISE): Methodological and Theoretical Issue. 1999b;University of Nottingham.
24. NICHOLS S. C., COBB S., RAMSEY A., WILSON J. R. What effects may a user experience from immersion in a Virtual Environment? Paper presented at VR Universe. 1997b.
25. NICHOLS S. C., COBB S. V. G., WILSON J. R. Effects of participating in virtual environments: towards an experimental methodology. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 6:1997a.
26. RAMSEY A. Investigation of physiological measures relative to self-report of Virtual Reality Induced Sickness and Effects (VRISE). Paper presented at the International Workshop on Motion Sickness. 1997.
27. REASON J. T., BRAND J. J. Motion Sickness. 1975;Academic Press, London.
28. REGAN, E. C. 1994, Some human factors issues in immersive virtual reality: fact and speculation, 94R027.
29. REGAN, E. C. RAMSEY, A. D. 1994, Some side-effects of immersion virtual reality: the results of four immersions, 94R012.
30. SHAPIRO M. A., MCDONALD D. G. I'm not a real doctor but I play one in virtual reality: implications of virtual reality for judgements about reality. Journal of Communication. 42:1992;94-114.
31. SHERIDAN T. B. Musings on telepresence and virtual presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;120-125.
32. SINGER, M. J. WITMER, B. G. 1996, Presence measures for virtual environments: background and development, Interim Report, US Army Research Institute.
33. SLATER M., STEED A., MCCARTHY J., MARINGELLI F. The influence of body movement on subjective presence in virtual environments. Human Factors. 40:1998;469-477.
34. SLATER M., USOH M. Presence in immersive virtual environments. IEEE Virtual Reality International Symposium. 1993;. p. 90-96.
35. SLATER M., USOH M., STEED. Depth of presence in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 3:1994;130-144.
36. SNOW M. P., WILLIGES R. C. Empirical models based on free-modulus magnitude estimation of perceived presence in virtual environments. Human Factors. 40:1998;386-402.
37. STANNEY K. M., SALVENDY G., DEISIGNER J., DIZIO P., ELLIS S., ELLISON E., FOGLEMAN G., GALLIMORE J., HETTINGER L., KENNEDY R., LACKNER J., LAWSON B., MAIDA J., MEAD A., MON-WILLIAMS M., NEWMAN D., PIANTANIDA T., REEVES L., RIEDEL O., SINGER M., STOFFREGEN T., WANN J., WELCH R., WILSON J. R., WITMER B. Aftereffects and sense of presence in virtual environments: formulation of a research and development agenda. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. 10:1998;135-187.
38. STEUER J. Defining virtual reality: dimensions determining telepresence. Journal of Communications. 42:1992;73-93.
39. WELCH R. B., BLACKMAN T. T., LIU A., MELLERS B. A., STARK L. W. The effects of pictorial realism, delay of visual feedback, and observer interactivity on the subjective sense of presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 5:1996;263-273.
40. WERTHEIM, M. 1997, The dawn of virtuous reality, The Daily Telegraph, 4, 5.
41. WILSON J. R. Effects of participating in virtual environments: a review of current knowledge. Safety Science. 23:1996;39-51.
42. WILSON J. R. Virtual environments and ergonomics: needs and opportunities. Ergonomics. 40:1997;1057-1077.
43. ZELTZER D. Autonomy, interaction and presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments. 1:1992;127-132.