Seasonal ozone variations in the isentropic layer between 330 and 380 K as observed by SAGE II: Implications of extratropical cross-tropopause transport

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 103, Issue D22, 1998, Pages 28647-28659

  Wang, Pi Huan ^a   Cunnold, Derek M ^b   Zawodny, Joseph M ^c   Pierce, R Bradley ^c   Olson, Jennifer R ^c   Kent, Geoffrey S ^a   Skeens, Kristi M ^a,d  

^a SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION   (United States)

^b GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^d SUN MICROSYSTEMS   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; OZONE; SATELLITE DATA; SEASONALITY; TROPOPAUSE;

EID: 0033610916     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/98JD02797     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Appenzeller, C., J. R. Holton, and K. H. Rosenlof, Seasonal variation of mass transport across the tropopause, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 15,071-15,078, 1996.
2. Berntsen, T. K., and I. S. A. Isaksen, A global three-dimensional chemical transport model for the troposphere, 1, Model description and CO and ozone results, J. Geophys. Res.. 102, 21,239-21,280, 1997.
3. Borrmann, S., S. Solomon, J.E. Dye, and B. Luo, The potential of cirrus clouds for heterogeneous chlorine activation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2133-2136, 1996.
4. Brewer, A. W., Evidence for a world circulation provided by measurements of helium and water vapour distribution in the stratosphere, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 75, 351-363, 1949.
5. Chen, P., Isentropic cross-tropopause mass exchange in the extratropics, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16661-16673, 1995.
6. Chu, W. P., M. P. McCormick, J. Lenoble, C. Brogniez, and P. Pruvost, SAGE II inversion algorithm, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8339-8351, 1989.
7. Crutzen, P. J., Global tropospheric chemistry, in Low-Temperature Chemistry of the Atmosphere, NATO ASI Ser. vol. 121, edited by G. K. Moortgat et al., pp. 465-498, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1994.
8. Crutzen, P. J., Ozone in the troposphere, in Composition, Chemistry, and Climate of the Atmosphere, edited by H. B. Singh, pp. 349-393, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1995.
9. Crutzen, P. J., and M. Lawrence, Ozone clouds over the Atlantic, Nature, 388, 625-626, 1997.
10. Cunnold, D. M., W. P. Chu, R. A. Barnes, M. P. McCormick, and R. E. Veiga, Validation of SAGE II ozone measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8447-8460, 1989.
11. Davies, W. E., G. Vaughan, and F. M. O'Connor, Observation of near-zero ozone concentrations in the upper troposphere at mid-lati-tudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1173-1176, 1998.
12. Dobson, G. M. B., Origin and distribution of polyatomic molecules in the atmosphere, in Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 236, 187-193, 1956.
13. Dunkerton, T. J., On the mean meridional mass motions of the stratosphere and mesosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2325-2333, 1978.
14. Dunkerton, T. J., Evidence of meridional motion in the summer lower stratosphere adjacent to monsoon regions, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 16,675-16,688, 1995.
15. Dütsch, H. U., Photochemistry of atmospheric ozone, Adv. Geophys., 19, 219-315, 1971.
16. Emanuel, K. A., and R. T. Pierrehumbert, Microphysical and dynamical control of tropospheric water vapor, in Cloud, Chemistry and Climate, NATO ASI Ser., vol. 35, edited by P. J. Crutzen et al., pp. 17-28, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1996.
17. Fishman, J., and J. Larsen, Distribution of total ozone and stratospheric ozone in the tropics: Implications for the distribution of tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 6627-6634, 1987.
18. Harris, H. P. P., et al., Trends in stratospheric and free tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 1571-1590, 1997.
19. Holton, J. R., P. H. Haynes, M. E. McIntyre, A. R. Douglass, R. B. Rood, and L. Pfister, Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev. Geophys., 33, 403-439, 1995.
20. Hoskins, B. J., Towards a PV-theta view of the general circulation, Tellus, 43AB, 27-35, 1991.
21. Kent, G. S., D. M. Winker, M. T. Osborn, M. P. McCormick, and K. M. Skeens, A model for the separation of cloud and aerosol in SAGE II occultation data, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20,725-20,735, 1993.
22. Kley, D., P. J. Crutzen, H. G. J. Smit, H. Vomel, S. J. Oltmans, H. Grassl, and V. Ramanathan, Observations of near-zero ozone concentrations over the convective Pacific: Effects on air chemistry, Science, 274, 230-233, 1996.
23. Levy H., II, P. S. Kasibhatla, W. J. Moxim, A. A. Klonecki, A. I. Hirsch, S. J. Oltmans, and W. L. Chameides, The global impact of human activity on tropospheric ozone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 791-794, 1997.
24. Ludlam, F. H., Clouds and Storms, 405 pp., Pa. State Univ., Univ. Park, 1980.
25. McCormick, M. P., SAGE II: An overview. Adv. Space Res., 7, 319-326, 1987.
26. Oort, A. H., Global atmospheric circulation statistics, 1958-1973, NOAA Prof. Pap., 14, 180 pp., 1983.
27. Pan, L., S. Solomon, W. Randel, J.-F. Lamarque, P. Hess, J. Gille, E.-W. Chiou, and P. McCormick, Hemispheric asymmetries and seasonal variations of the lowermost stratospheric water vapor and ozone derived from SAGE II data, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 28,177-28,184, 1997.
28. Perliski, L. M., S. Solomon, and J. London, On the interpretation of the seasonal variations of stratospheric ozone. Planet. Space Sci., 37, 1527-1538, 1989.
29. Rosenlof, K. H., Seasonal cycle of the residual mean meridional circulation in the stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5173-5191, 1995.
30. Rosenlof, K. H., A. F. Tuck, K. K. Kelly, J. M. Rissell III, and M. P. McCormick, Hemispheric asymmetries in water vapor and inferences about transport in the lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13,213-13,234, 1997.
31. Schoeberl, M. R., L. R. Lait, P. A. Newman, and J. E. Rosenfield, The structure of the polar vortex, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 7859-7882, 1992.
32. Schubert, S., C.-K. Park, W. Higgins, S. Moorthi, and M. Suarez, An atlas of ECMWF analyses (1980-1987), I, First moment quantities, NASA Tech. Memo., 100747, 1990.
33. Shiotani, M., and F. Hasebe, Stratospheric ozone variations in the equatorial region as seen in Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment data, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 14,575-14,584, 1994.
34. Solomon, S., J. T. Kiehl, R. R. Garcia, and W. Grose, Tracer transport by the diabatic circulation deduced from satellite observations, J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 1603-1617, 1986.
35. Solomon, S., R. W. Portmann, R. R. Garcia, L. W. Thomason, L. R. Poole, and M. P. McCormick, The role of aerosol variations in anthropogenic ozone depletion at northern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6713-6727, 1996.
36. Solomon, S., S. Borrmann, R. R. Garcia, R. Portmann, L. Thomason, L. R. Poole, D. Winker, and M. P. McCormick, Heterogeneous chlorine chemistry in the tropopause region, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 21,411-21,429, 1997.
37. Suhre, K., J.-P. Cammas, P. Nédelec, R. Rosset, A. Marenco, and H. G. J. Smit, Ozone-rich transients in the upper equatorial Atlantic troposphere, Nature, 388,661-663, 1997.
38. Trenberth, K. E., Global analyses from ECMWF and atlas of 1000 to 10 mb circulation statistics, NCAR TN-373+STR, Natl. Cent, for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo., 1992.
39. Wang, C., P. J. Crutzen, and V. Ramanathan, The role of a deep convective storm over the tropical Pacific Ocean in the redistribution of atmospheric chemical species, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 11,509-11,516, 1995.
40. Wang, P.-H., M. P. McCormick, W. P. Chu, J. Lenoble, R. M. Nagatani, M. L. Chanta, R. A. Barnes, F. Schmidlin, and M. Rowland, SAGE II stratospheric density and temperature retrieval experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 843-863, 1992.
41. Wang, P.-H., P. Minnis, M. P. McCormick, G. S. Kent, and K. M. Skeens, A 6-year climatology of cloud occurrence frequency from SAGE II observations (1985-1990), J. Geophys. Res., 101, 29,407-29,429, 1996.
42. Wang, P.-H., D. Rind, C. R. Trepte, G. S. Kent, G. K. Yue, and K. M. Skeens, An empirical model study of the tropospheric meridional circulation based on SAGE II observations, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 13,801-13,818, 1998.
43. World Meteorological Organization, Report of the International Ozone Trends Panel 1988, Rep. 18, Geneva, 1988.