메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 104, Issue D20, 1999, Pages 24423-24433

On the maintenance of high tropical cirrus

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIRRUS; CLOUD MICROPHYSICS; RADIATION BUDGET; TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT;

EID: 0033610398     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999JD900798     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (39)
  • 1
    • 0031153975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 with water-ice surfaces at temperatures of the free troposphere
    • 3 with water-ice surfaces at temperatures of the free troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1479-1482, 1997.
    • (1997) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.24 , pp. 1479-1482
    • Abbatt, J.P.D.1
  • 4
    • 84905433430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Numerical studies of tropical cirrus clouds using a cirrus model with explicit microphysics
    • paper presented U.S. Dept. of Energy, Tucson, Az.
    • Boehm, M. T., J. Verlinde, and T. P. Ackerman, Numerical studies of tropical cirrus clouds using a cirrus model with explicit microphysics, paper presented at Eighth ARM Science Team Meeting, U.S. Dept. of Energy, Tucson, Az., 1998.
    • (1998) Eighth ARM Science Team Meeting
    • Boehm, M.T.1    Verlinde, J.2    Ackerman, T.P.3
  • 5
    • 0024897250 scopus 로고
    • A general equation for the terminal fall speed of solid hydrometeors
    • Böhm, H. P., A general equation for the terminal fall speed of solid hydrometeors, J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2419-2427, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.46 , pp. 2419-2427
    • Böhm, H.P.1
  • 6
    • 0028562502 scopus 로고
    • Solute effects on the evaporation of ice particles
    • Chen, J.-P., and P. J. Crutzen, Solute effects on the evaporation of ice particles, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 18,847-18,859, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Chen, J.-P.1    Crutzen, P.J.2
  • 7
    • 0000730187 scopus 로고
    • Simulation of cloud microphysical and chemical processes using a multicomponent framework, I, Description of the microphysical model
    • Chen, J.-P., and D. Lamb, Simulation of cloud microphysical and chemical processes using a multicomponent framework, I, Description of the microphysical model, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2613-2630, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 2613-2630
    • Chen, J.-P.1    Lamb, D.2
  • 8
    • 0031417213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observation of an ultraslow large-scale wave near the tropical tropopause
    • Hamilton, K., Observation of an ultraslow large-scale wave near the tropical tropopause, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 13,457-13,464, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102
    • Hamilton, K.1
  • 9
    • 0019170063 scopus 로고
    • Nonlinear axially symmetric circulations in a nearly inviscid atmosphere
    • Held, I. M., and A. Y. Hou, Nonlinear axially symmetric circulations in a nearly inviscid atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 515-533, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 515-533
    • Held, I.M.1    Hou, A.Y.2
  • 10
    • 0030431127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High albedos of cirrus in the tropical Pacific warm pool: Microphysical interpretations from CEPEX and from Kwajalein, Marshall Islands
    • Heymsfield, A. J., and G. M. McFarquhar, High albedos of cirrus in the tropical Pacific warm pool: Microphysical interpretations from CEPEX and from Kwajalein, Marshall Islands, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2424-2450, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 2424-2450
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    McFarquhar, G.M.2
  • 11
    • 0021641130 scopus 로고
    • A parameterization of the particle size spectrum of ice clouds in terms of the ambient temperature and the ice water content
    • Heymsfield, A. J., and C. M. R. Platt, A parameterization of the particle size spectrum of ice clouds in terms of the ambient temperature and the ice water content, J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 846-855, 1984.
    • (1984) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 846-855
    • Heymsfield, A.J.1    Platt, C.M.R.2
  • 13
    • 0028589651 scopus 로고
    • Microphysical modeling of cirrus, 1, Comparison with 1986 FIRE IFO measurements
    • Jensen, E. J., O. B. Toon, D. L. Westphal, S. Kinne, and A. J. Heymsfield, Microphysical modeling of cirrus, 1, Comparison with 1986 FIRE IFO measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10,421-10,442, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Jensen, E.J.1    Toon, O.B.2    Westphal, D.L.3    Kinne, S.4    Heymsfield, A.J.5
  • 14
    • 0029669151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dehydration of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere by subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause
    • Jensen, E. J., O. B. Toon, L. Pfister, and H. B. Selkirk, Dehydration of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere by subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 825-828, 1996a.
    • (1996) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.23 , pp. 825-828
    • Jensen, E.J.1    Toon, O.B.2    Pfister, L.3    Selkirk, H.B.4
  • 15
    • 0011689353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the formation and persistence of subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause
    • Jensen, E. J., O. B. Toon, H. B. Selkirk, J. D. Spinhirne, and M. R. Schoeberl, On the formation and persistence of subvisible cirrus clouds near the tropical tropopause, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 21,361-21,375, 1996b.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101
    • Jensen, E.J.1    Toon, O.B.2    Selkirk, H.B.3    Spinhirne, J.D.4    Schoeberl, M.R.5
  • 16
    • 0031712827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cirrus cloud simulation using explicit microphysics and radiation, II, Microphysics, vapor, and ice mass budgets, and optical and radiative properties
    • Khvorostyanov, V. I., and K. Sassen, Cirrus cloud simulation using explicit microphysics and radiation, II, Microphysics, vapor, and ice mass budgets, and optical and radiative properties, J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 1822-1845, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 1822-1845
    • Khvorostyanov, V.I.1    Sassen, K.2
  • 17
    • 0027388104 scopus 로고
    • Measurements of high number densities of ice crystals in the tops of tropical cumulonimbus
    • Knollenberg, R. G., K. Kelly, and J. C. Wilson, Measurements of high number densities of ice crystals in the tops of tropical cumulonimbus, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 8639-8664, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.98 , pp. 8639-8664
    • Knollenberg, R.G.1    Kelly, K.2    Wilson, J.C.3
  • 18
    • 0024251386 scopus 로고
    • Cirrus outflow dynamics
    • Lilly, D. K., Cirrus outflow dynamics, J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1594-1605, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.45 , pp. 1594-1605
    • Lilly, D.K.1
  • 20
    • 0022846515 scopus 로고
    • Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective
    • Liou, K.-N., Influence of cirrus clouds on weather and climate processes: A global perspective, Mon. Weather Rev., 114, 1167-1199, 1986.
    • (1986) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.114 , pp. 1167-1199
    • Liou, K.-N.1
  • 22
    • 0032535251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of the atmospheric state and the surface radiation budget at the tropical western Pacific ARM site
    • Mather, J. H., T. P. Ackerman, M. P. Jensen, and W. E. Clements, Characteristics of the atmospheric state and the surface radiation budget at the tropical western Pacific ARM site, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 4513-4516, 1998b.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 4513-4516
    • Mather, J.H.1    Ackerman, T.P.2    Jensen, M.P.3    Clements, W.E.4
  • 23
    • 0030432893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microphysical characteristics of three anvils sampled during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment
    • McFarquhar, G. M., and A. J. Heymsfield, Microphysical characteristics of three anvils sampled during the Central Equatorial Pacific Experiment, J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 2401-2423, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.53 , pp. 2401-2423
    • McFarquhar, G.M.1    Heymsfield, A.J.2
  • 24
    • 0027038878 scopus 로고
    • New primary ice-nucleation parameterizations in an explicit cloud model
    • Meyers, M. P., P. J. DeMott, and W. R. Cotton, New primary ice-nucleation parameterizations in an explicit cloud model, J. Appl. Meteorol., 31, 708-721, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Appl. Meteorol. , vol.31 , pp. 708-721
    • Meyers, M.P.1    DeMott, P.J.2    Cotton, W.R.3
  • 25
    • 0031200842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rossby wave propagation into the tropical stratosphere observed by the High Resolution Doppler Imager
    • Ortland, D. A., Rossby wave propagation into the tropical stratosphere observed by the High Resolution Doppler Imager, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 1999-2002, 1997.
    • (1997) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.24 , pp. 1999-2002
    • Ortland, D.A.1
  • 26
    • 84986414522 scopus 로고
    • The lifetime of leewave-induced ice particles in the Arctic stratosphere, II, Stabilization due to NAT-coating
    • Peter, T., R. Müller, P. J. Crutzen, and T. Deshler, The lifetime of leewave-induced ice particles in the Arctic stratosphere, II, Stabilization due to NAT-coating, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1331-1334, 1994.
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 1331-1334
    • Peter, T.1    Müller, R.2    Crutzen, P.J.3    Deshler, T.4
  • 27
    • 0001520687 scopus 로고
    • Wave-mean flow interactions in the atmosphere
    • Pfeffer, R. L., Wave-mean flow interactions in the atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1340-1359, 1981.
    • (1981) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.38 , pp. 1340-1359
    • Pfeffer, R.L.1
  • 30
    • 0025636678 scopus 로고
    • Cirrus structure and radiative parameters from airborne lidar and spectral radiometer observations: The 28 October 1986 FIRE study
    • Spinhirne, J. D., and W. D. Hart, Cirrus structure and radiative parameters from airborne lidar and spectral radiometer observations: The 28 October 1986 FIRE study, Mon. Weather Rev., 118, 2329-2343, 1990.
    • (1990) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.118 , pp. 2329-2343
    • Spinhirne, J.D.1    Hart, W.D.2
  • 31
    • 0022190835 scopus 로고
    • Cirrus clouds, I, A cirrus cloud model
    • Starr, D. O., and S. K. Cox, Cirrus clouds, I, A cirrus cloud model, J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2663-2681, 1985a.
    • (1985) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 2663-2681
    • Starr, D.O.1    Cox, S.K.2
  • 32
    • 0022226668 scopus 로고
    • Cirrus clouds, II, Numerical experiments on the formation and maintenance of cirrus
    • Starr, D. O., and S. K. Cox, Cirrus clouds, II, Numerical experiments on the formation and maintenance of cirrus, J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 2682-2694, 1985b.
    • (1985) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 2682-2694
    • Starr, D.O.1    Cox, S.K.2
  • 33
    • 0027067395 scopus 로고
    • The effects of small ice crystals on cirrus infrared properties
    • Takano, Y., K. N. Liou, and P. Minnis, The effects of small ice crystals on cirrus infrared properties, J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 1487-1493, 1992.
    • (1992) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 1487-1493
    • Takano, Y.1    Liou, K.N.2    Minnis, P.3
  • 34
    • 0024839546 scopus 로고
    • Rapid calculation of radiative heating rates and photodissociation rates in inhomogeneous multiple scattering atmospheres
    • Toon, O. B., C. P. McKay, T. P. Ackerman, and K. Santhanam, Rapid calculation of radiative heating rates and photodissociation rates in inhomogeneous multiple scattering atmospheres, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 16,287-16,301, 1989.
    • (1989) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.94
    • Toon, O.B.1    McKay, C.P.2    Ackerman, T.P.3    Santhanam, K.4
  • 35
    • 0028552163 scopus 로고
    • Radiosonde observations of equatorial atmosphere dynamics over Indonesia, 1, Equatorial waves and diurnal tides
    • Tsuda, T., Y. Murayama, H. Wiryosumarto, S. W. B. Harijono, and S. Kato, Radiosonde observations of equatorial atmosphere dynamics over Indonesia, 1, Equatorial waves and diurnal tides, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 10,491-10,505, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.99
    • Tsuda, T.1    Murayama, Y.2    Wiryosumarto, H.3    Harijono, S.W.B.4    Kato, S.5
  • 36
    • 0030368905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 6-year climatology of cloud occurrence frequency from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II observations (1985-1990)
    • Wang, P.-H., P. Minnis, M. P. McCormick, G. S. Kent, and K. M. Skeens, A 6-year climatology of cloud occurrence frequency from Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II observations (1985-1990), J. Geophys. Res., 101, 29,407-29,429, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101
    • Wang, P.-H.1    Minnis, P.2    McCormick, M.P.3    Kent, G.S.4    Skeens, K.M.5
  • 37
    • 0032173149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laminar cirrus observed near the tropical tropopause by LITE
    • Winker, D. M., and C. R. Trepte, Laminar cirrus observed near the tropical tropopause by LITE, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 3351-3354, 1998.
    • (1998) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 3351-3354
    • Winker, D.M.1    Trepte, C.R.2
  • 38
    • 0028553427 scopus 로고
    • Selective excitation of tropical atmospheric waves in wave-CISK: The effect of vertical wind shear
    • Zhang, M., and M. A. Geller, Selective excitation of tropical atmospheric waves in wave-CISK: The effect of vertical wind shear, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 353-368, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 353-368
    • Zhang, M.1    Geller, M.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.