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note
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After controlling for habitat type, free-living blue tits lay several weeks earlier in the M site than in the P site, whatever the oak type patch (deciduous or evergreen). The contrasting reaction norms of the M and P birds were recently (1999) confirmed with individuals raised away from their birthplace. (M. M. Lambrechts et al., data not shown).
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26
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0031972434
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2) of several traits are relatively high (for example, 0.42 and 0.63 for wing length, and 0.35 and 0.72 for body mass at P and M, respectively) further supporting evidence for genetic differentiation of the M and P populations [see also J. Merilä and J. D. Fry, Genetics 148, 1233 (1998); A. A. Dhondt, Evolution 36, 418 (1982)].
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2) of several traits are relatively high (for example, 0.42 and 0.63 for wing length, and 0.35 and 0.72 for body mass at P and M, respectively) further supporting evidence for genetic differentiation of the M and P populations [see also J. Merilä and J. D. Fry, Genetics 148, 1233 (1998); A. A. Dhondt, Evolution 36, 418 (1982)].
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2 statistics for models corrected for overdispersion (laying date, clutch size) and with a binomial error (density, nesting success, breeding success, proportion of yearlings); F statistics was used for the other models with a normal error. All data are ±1 SD; sample sizes are in parentheses.
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0344393937
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note
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Extensive gene flow between the M and P populations would predict a similar morphology between M and P immigrants, which is not the case.
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36
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0345688357
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note
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We thank T. Clutton-Brock, C. Ferry, P. R. Grant, J. F. Guégan, P. Jame, C. M. Lessells, Y. B. Linhart, A. P. Møller, I. Olivieri, C. M. Perrins, M. Raymond, R. E. Ricklefs, D. Schluter, M. Singer, J. Thompson, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript; and M. C. Anstett for assistance in statistical analysis. Supported by the Bureau des Ressources Génétiques (grant A00680-SRAE97117).
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