A physiologically-based tritrophic metapopulation model of the African cassava food web

Ecological Modelling

Volumn 123, Issue 2-3, 1999, Pages 225-242

  Gutierrez, A P ^a   Yaninek, J S ^b,c   Neuenschwander, P ^b   Ellis, C K ^a  

^a U   (United States)

^b Intl Inst for Tropical Agriculture   (Benin)

^c U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE   (United States)

Author keywords

Cassava; Mealybugs; Metabolic pool; Metapopulation dynamics; Mites; Number and mass dynamics; Parasitoids; Predators; Stochastic simulation

Indexed keywords

FOOD WEB; METAPOPULATION; POPULATION MODELING; TRITROPHIC INTERACTION;

EID: 0033571283     PISSN: 03043800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00144-1     Document Type: Article

References (82)

1. Batzli G.O. Production assimilation and accumulation of organic matter in ecosystems. J. Theor. Biol. 45:1974;205-217.
2. Bengstsson J. Interspecific competition in metapopulations. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 42:1991;219-238.
3. Boavida C., Neuenschwander P. Population dynamics and life tables of the mango mealybug, Rastrococcus invadens, Williams, and its introduced natural enemy Gyranusoidea tebygi Noyes in Benin. Biocontrol Sci. Tech. 5:1995;489-508.
4. Brewster C.C., Allen J.C. Spatio-temporal model for studying insect dynamics in large-scale cropping systems. Environ. Entomol. 26(3):1997;473-482.
5. DiCola G., Gilioli G., Baumgärtner J. Mathematical models for age-structured population dynamics. Huffaker C.B., Gutierrez A.P. Ecolological Entomology. 2nd edn:1998;Wiley, New York.
6. Doutt R.L. Biological characteristics of entomophagous adults. DeBach P. Biological Control of Insect Pests and Weeds. 1964;145-167 Chapman and Hall, London.
7. Durrett R., Levin S. The importance of being discrete (and spatial). Theor. Pop. Biol. 46:1994;363-394.
8. Fitzpatrick E.A., Nix H.A. The climatic factor in Australian grasslands ecology. Moore R.M. Australian Grasslands. 1970;3-26 Australian National University Press, Australia.
9. Gutierrez A.P. The physiological basis of ratio dependent theory. Ecology. 73:1992;1529-1553.
10. Gutierrez A.P. Applied Population Ecology: A supply-demand approach. 1996;Wiley, New York. 300 pages.
11. Gutierrez A.P., Baumgärtner J.U. Multitrophic level models of predator-prey energetics: I. Age specific energetics models - pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae) as an example. Can. Entomol. 116:1984;923-932.
12. Gutierrez, A.P., Wang Y., 1977. Applied population ecology: models for crop production and pest management. In: Holling, C.S., Norton, G.A. (Eds.), Proceedings of the IIASA Workshop on Pest Management Modelling, Laxenburg, Austria.
13. Gutierrez A.P., Falcon L.A., Loew W.B., Leipzig P., van den Bosch R. An analysis of cotton production in California: a model for Acala cotton and the efficiency of defoliators on its yields. Environ. Entomol. 4:1974;125-136.
14. Gutierrez A.P., Havenstein H.A., Nix H.A., Moore P.A. The ecology of Aphis craccivora Koch and subterranean clover stunt virus. III A regional perspective on the phenology and migration of the cowpea aphid. J. Appl. Ecol. 11:1974;21-35.
15. Gutierrez A.P., Neuenschwander P., Schulthess F., Herren H.R., Baumgärtner J.U., Wermelinger B., Yaninek J.S., Ellis C.K. Analysis of biological control of cassava pests in Africa: II. Cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti. J. Appl. Ecol. 25:1988;921-940.
16. Gutierrez A.P., Wermelinger B., Schulthess F., Baumgärtner J.U., Herren H.R., Ellis C.K., Yaninek J.S. Analysis of biological control of cassava pests in Africa: I. Simulation of carbon nitrogen and water dynamics in cassava. J. Appl. Ecol. 25:1988;901-920.
17. Gutierrez A.P., Yaninek J.S., Wermelinger B., Herren H.R., Ellis C.K. Analysis of biological control of cassava pests in Africa: III. Cassava greenmite Mononychellus tanajoa. J. Appl. Ecol. 25:1988;941-950.
18. Gutierrez A.P., Neuenschwander P., van Alphen J.J.M. Factors affecting the establishment of natural enemies: biological control of the cassava mealybug in West Africa by introduced parasitoids. J. Appl. Ecol. 30:1993;706-721.
19. Gutierrez A.P., Mills N.J., Schreiber S.J., Ellis C.K. A physiologically based tritrophic perspective on bottom up-top down regulation of populations. Ecology. 75:1994;2227-2242.
20. Gutierrez A.P., Villacorta A, Cure J.R., Ellis C.K. Tritophic analysis of the coffee (coffee arabica)-coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari))-parasitoid system. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Brazil. 27:1998;357-385.
21. Halley J.M., Thomas C.F.G., Jepson P.C. A model for the spatial dynamics of linyphiid spiders in farmlands. J. Appl. Ecol. 33:1996;471-492.
22. Hanski I., Gilpin M. Metapopulation dynamics: Brief history and conceptual domain. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 42:1991;3-16.
23. Harrison S., Hastings A. Genetic and evolutionary consequences of metapopulation structure. TREE. 11:1996;180-183.
24. Hassell M.P. The Dynamics of Predator-Prey Systems. 1978;Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
25. Hassell M.P. Detecting regulation in patchily distributed animal populations. J. Anim. Ecol. 56:1987;705-713.
26. Hassell M.P., May R.M. Aggregation in predators and insect parasites and its effect on stability. J. Anim. Ecol. 43:1974;567-594.
27. Hassell M.P., May R.M., Pacala S.W., Chesson P.L. The persistence of host-parasitoid associations in patchy environments. I: a general criterion. Am. Nat. 138:1991;568-583.
28. Hastings A. Metapopulation dynamics and genetics. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 25:1994;167-188.
29. Herren H.R., Neuenschwander P. Biological control of cassava pests in Africa. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 36:1991;257-283.
30. Holyoak M., Lawler S.P. The role of dispersal in predator-prey metapopulation dynamics. J. Anim. Ecol. 65:1996;640-652.
31. Huffaker C.B. Experimental studies on predation: dispersion factors and predator-prey oscillations. Hilgardia. 27:1958;343-383.
32. Huston M., DeAngelis D., Post W. New computer models unify ecological theory. BioSci. 38:1988;682-691.
33. Jepson P.C., Sherratt T.N. A metapopulation approach to modelling the long-term impact of pesticides. J. Appl. Ecol. 30:1993;696-705.
34. Jepson P.C., Sherratt T.N. The dimension of space and time in the assessment of ecotoxiclogical risks. Baird D.J., Maltby L., Greig-Smith P.W., Douben P.E. Ecotoxicology: Ecological Dimensions. 1996;Chapman and Hall, London.
35. Lei G.C., Camara M.D. Behaviour of a specialist parasitoid, Cotesia melitaearum: from individual behaviour to metapopulation processes. Ecol. Entomol. 24:1999;59-72.
36. Le Rü B., Iziquel Y. Nouvelles donné es sur le dé roulement de la mycose â Neozygites fumosa sur la cochenille du manioc Phenacoccus manihoti. Entomophaga. 35:1990;173-183.
37. Leslie P.H. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika. 33:1945;183-212.
38. Levine S.H., Wetzler R.E. Modelling the role of host plant dispersion in the search success of herbivorous insects: implications for ecological pest management. Ecol. Model. 89:1996;183-196.
39. Levins R. Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bull. Entomol Soc. Am. 15:1969;237-240.
40. Luck R.F., Podoler H. Competitive exclusion of Aphytis lingnanensis by A. melinus: potential role of host size. Ecolology. 66:1985;904-913.
41. May R.M. Host-parasitoid systems in patchy environment: a phenomenological model. J. Anim. Ecol. 47:1978;833-843.
42. McCauley E., Wilson W.G., Roos A.M. Dynamics of age-structured predator-prey populations in space: asymmetrical effects of mobility of juvenile and adult predators. Oikos. 76:1996;485-497.
43. Mills N.J., Gutierrez A.P. Prospective modelling in biological control: an analysis of the dynamics of heteronomous hyperparasitism in a cotton-whitefly-parasitoid system. J. Appl. Ecol. 33:1996;1379-1394.
44. Murdoch W.W., Briggs C.J. Theory for biological control: recent developments. Ecology. 77:1996;2001-2013.
45. Murdoch W.W., Reeve J.D. Aggregation of parasitoids and the detection of density dependence in field populations. Oikos. 49:1987;1-5.
46. Murdoch W.W., Briggs C.J., Nisbet R.M., Gurney W.S.C., Stewart-Oaten A. Aggregation and stability in metapopulation models. Am. Nat. 140:1992;41-58.
47. Murdoch W.W., Swarbrick S.L., Luck R.F., Walde S., Yu D.S. Refuge dynamics and metapopulation dynamics: an experimental test. Am. Nat. 147:1996;424-444.
48. Nachman G. An acarine predator-prey metapopulation system inhabiting greenhouse cucumbers. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 42:1991;285-304.
49. Neuenschwander P. Evaluating the efficacy of biological control of three exotic homopteran pests in tropical Africa. Entomophaga. 41:1996;405-424.
50. Neuenschwander P., Ajuonu O. Measuring host finding capacity and arrestment of natural enemies of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti, in the field. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 77:1995;47-55.
51. Neuenschwander P., Hennessey R.D., Herren H.R. Food web of insects associated with the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), and its introduced parasitoid, Epidinocarsis lopezi (DeSantis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Afr. Bull. Ent. Res. 77:1987;177-189.
52. Neuenschwander P., Hammond W.N.O., Gutierrez A.P., Cudjoe A.R., Adjakloe R., Baumgärtner J.U., Regev U. Impact assessment of the biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), by the introduced parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Bull. Ent. Res. 79:1989;579-594.
53. Neuenschwander P., Hammond W.N.O., Ajuonu O, Gado A., Echendu N., Bokonon-Ganta A.H., Allomasso R., Okon I. Biological control of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae) by Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encytidae) in West Africa, as influenced by climate and soil. Agric. Ecosys. Environ. 32:1990;39-55.
54. Petrusewicz K., MacFayden A. Productivity of Terrestrial Animals: Principles and Methods. IBP Handbook 13. 1970;Blackwell, Oxford.
55. Pijls, J.W.A.M., 1995. Apoanagyrus diversicornis: the ecology of a natural enemy. Proefschritf Rijksuniversiteit, Leiden (Ph.D. Thesis).
56. Pijls J.W.A.M., Van Alphen J.J.M. On the coexistence of the cassava mealybug parasitoids Apoanagyrus diversicornis and A. lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in their native South America. Bull. Entomol. Res. 86:1996;51-59.
57. Regniere J. Generalized approach to landscape-wide seasonal forecasting with temperature-driven simulation models. Environ. Entomol. 25:1996;869-881.
58. Ritchie J.T. Models for predicting evaporation from a crop with incomplete cover. Wat. Resour. Res. 8:1972;1204-1213.
59. Sabelis M.W., Diekmann O., Jansen V.A.A Metapopulation persistence despite local extinction: Predator-prey patch models of the Lotka-Volterra type. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 42:1991;267-284.
60. Salt G. Experimental studies in insect parasitism: III. Host selection. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. (B)117:1935;413-435.
61. Schaub L.P., Ravlin F.W., Gray D.R., Logan J.A. Landscape framework to predict phenological events for gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) management programs. Environ. Entomol. 24:1995;10-18.
62. Schreiber S.J., Gutierrez A.P. A supply-demand perspective of species invasions and coexistence: applications to biological control. Ecol. Model. 106:1998;27-45.
63. Schulthess F., Baumgärtner J.U., Delucchi V., Gutierrez A.P. The influence of cassava mealybug, Phenococcus manihoti Mat.-Ferr. (Hom., Pseudococcidae) on yield formation of cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz. J. Appl. Ent. 111:1991;155-165.
64. Schulthess F., Neuenschwander P., Gounou S. Multi-trophic interactions in cassava, Manihot esculenta, cropping systems in the subhumid tropics of West Africa. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 66:1997;211-222.
65. Sutherst R.W., Maywald G.F., Bottomly W. From CLIMEX to PESKY, a generic expert system for risk assessment. EPPO Bull. 21:1991;595-608.
66. Taylor A.D. Metapopulation and within-population predator-prey dynamics: where theory leads and where it misleads. Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. 73:1993;363.
67. Toko M, O'Neil R.J., Yaninek S.J. Development, reproduction and survival of Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on cassava grown under soils of different levels of nitrogen. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 20:1996;405-419.
68. van Dijken M., van Alphen J.J.M., van Stratum P. Sex allocation in Epidinocarsis lopezi: local mate competition. Entomol. Exper. Appl. 52:1989;249-255.
69. van Dijken M.J., Neuenschwander P., Van Alphen J.J.M., Hammond W.N.O. Sex ratios in field populations of Epidinocarsis lopezi, an exotic parasitoid of the cassava mealybug in Africa. Ecol. Entomol. 16:1991;233-240.
70. von Foerster H. Some remarks on changing populations. Stahlman F. Jr The Kinetics of Cellular Proliferation. 1959;382-407 Grune and Stratton, New York.
71. Vansickle J. Attrition in distributed delay models. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man. Cyber. 7:1977;635-638.
72. Wang Y., Gutierrez A.P. An assessment of the use of stability analysis in population ecology. J. Anim. Ecol. 49:1980;435-452.
73. Watt K.F.E. A mathematical model for the effect of densities of attacked and attacking species on the number attacked. Can. Entomol. 91:1959;129-144.
74. Wennergren G., Rucklshaus M., Kareiva P. The promise and limitations of spatial models in conservation biology. Oikos. 74:1995;349-356.
75. Wermelinger B., Oertli J.J., Baumgärtner J. Environmental factors affecting the life table statistics of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). III. Host plant nutrition. Exp. Appl. Acarol. 12:1991;259-274.
76. Wu G.W., Wilson L.T. Parameterization and validation of a physiologically complex age-structured rice simulation model. Agric. Syst. 56:1998;483-511.
77. Yaninek J.S., Gutierrez A.P., Herren H.R. Dynamics of Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Africa: experimental evidence of temperature and host plant effects on population growth rates. Environ. Ent. 18:1989;633-640.
78. Yaninek J.S., Herren H.R., Gutierrez A.P. Dynamics of Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Africa: seasonal factors affecting phenology and abundance. Environ. Ent. 18:1989;625-632.
79. Yaninek J.S., Gutierrez A.P., Herren H.R. Dynamics of Mononychellus tanajoa (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Africa: impact on dry matter production and allocation in cassava, Manihot esculenta. Environ. Ent. 19:1990;1767-1772.
80. Yaninek J.S., Saizonou S., Onzo A., Zannou I., Gnanvossou D. Seasonal and habitat variability in the fungal pathogens Neozygites cf. floridana and Hirsutella thompsonii, associated with cassava mites in Benin, West Africa. Biocontrol Sci. Tech. 6:1996;23-33.
81. Zemek R., Nachman G. Interactions in a tritrophic acarine predator: prey metapopulation system: effects of Tetranychus urticae on the dispersal rates of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acarina: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 22:1998;259-278.
82. Zemek R., Nachman G. Interactions in a tritrophic acarine predator-prey metapopulation system: prey location and distance moved by Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Exp. Appl. Acarol. 23:1999;21-40.