Propagation and mechanism of decadal upper-ocean variability in the North Pacific

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 26, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 739-742

  Liu, Zhengyu ^a   Zhang, Rong Hua ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUOYANCY; TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION; WIND STRESS;

DECADAL THERMOCLINE VARIABILITY;

CLIMATE CHANGE;

CLIMATE CHANGE; ISOPYCNAL LAYER; THERMOCLINE;

PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 0033559307     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/1999GL900081     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Deser, C., M. A. Alexander and M. S. Timlin, Upper ocean thermal variations in the North Pacific during 1970-1991. J. Climate, 9, 1840-1855, 1996.
2. Gu, D. and S. G. H. Philander, Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchanges between the tropics and extratropics. Science, 275, 805-807, 1997.
3. Hoskins, B. J., and D. Karoly, The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographic forcing, J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1179-1196, 1981.
4. Huang, R. X., and J. Pedlosky, Climate variability inferred from a layered model of the ventilated thermocline, J.Phys.Oceanogr., 1999 (in press).
5. Jacobs, G. A. et al., Decade-scale trans-Pacific propagation and warming effects of an El Niño anomaly. Nature, 370, 360-363, 1994.
6. Latif, M. and T. P. Barnett, Causes of decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America. Science, 266, 634-637, 1994.
7. Levitus, S. and T. P. Boyer, and J. Antonov, World ocean atlas, Vol.5: Interannual variability of upper ocean thermal structure. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 5, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,D.C, 1994.
8. Liu, Z., Thermocline forced by varying wind. II: annual and decadal Ekman pumping. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2523-2541, 1993.
9. Liu, Z. and J. Pedlosky, Thermocline forced by annual and decadal surface temperature variation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 587-608, 1994.
10. Liu, Z., Planetary wave modes in the thermocline: Non-Doppler-shift, advective and Green modes, Quat. J. Roy. Met. Soc., 1999a (in press).
11. Liu, Z., Forced planetary wave response in a thermocline gyre. J. Phys. Oceanogr., submitted, 1999b (in press).
12. Miller, A. J., D. R. Cayan and W. B. White, A westward intensified decadal change in the North Pacific thermocline and gyre-scale circulation. J. Climate, 11, 3112-3127, 1998.
13. Schneider, N., A. J. Miller, M. A. Alexander and C. Deser, Subduction of decadal North Pacific temperature anomalies: observations and dynamics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 1999 (in press)
14. White, B. W. and D. R. Cayan, Quasi-periodicity and global symmetries in interdecadal upper ocean temperature variability. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 21335-21354, 1998.
15. Zhang, L. P., Study North Pacific thermocline variability in an intermediate model, M.S. thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison, pp61, 1998.
16. Zhang, R. H., Decadal variability of temperature at a depth of 400 meters in the North Pacific Ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1197-1200, 1998.
17. Zhang, R. H. and S. Levitus, Structure and cycle of decadal variability of upper ocean temperature in the North Pacific. J. Climate, 10, 710-727, 1997.
18. Zhang, R. H., and Z. Liu, Decadal thermocline variability in the North Pacific Ocean: Two anomaly pathways around the subtropical gyre, J. Climate, 1999 (in press)
19. Zhang, R. H., L. M. Rothstein and A. J. Busalacchi, Origin of upper ocean warming and El Niño change on decadal scales in the tropical Pacific Ocean, Nature, 391, 879-883, 1998.