메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 283, Issue 5404, 1999, Pages 968-970

Chemical analysis of polar stratospheric cloud particles

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PARTICULATE MATTER; POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUD;

EID: 0033548035     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5404.968     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (87)

References (31)
  • 2
    • 0022923573 scopus 로고
    • P. J. Grutzen and F. Arnold, ibid. 324, 651 (1986); O. B. Toon, P. Hamill, R. P. Turco, J. Pinto, Geophys. Res. Lett. 13, 1284 (1986).
    • (1986) Nature , vol.324 , pp. 651
    • Grutzen, P.J.1    Arnold, F.2
  • 7
    • 0028584718 scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 2479 (1994); K. S. Carslaw, T. Peter, S. L Clegg, Rev. Geophys. 35, 125 (1997); A. Tabazadeh, R. P. Turco, K. Drdla, M. Z. Jacobson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1619 (1994); A. Tabazadeh and O. B. Toon, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 9071 (1996).
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 2479
    • Carslaw, K.S.1
  • 8
    • 0031407388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 2479 (1994); K. S. Carslaw, T. Peter, S. L Clegg, Rev. Geophys. 35, 125 (1997); A. Tabazadeh, R. P. Turco, K. Drdla, M. Z. Jacobson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1619 (1994); A. Tabazadeh and O. B. Toon, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 9071 (1996).
    • (1997) Rev. Geophys. , vol.35 , pp. 125
    • Carslaw, K.S.1    Peter, T.2    Clegg, S.L.3
  • 9
    • 0028602254 scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 2479 (1994); K. S. Carslaw, T. Peter, S. L Clegg, Rev. Geophys. 35, 125 (1997); A. Tabazadeh, R. P. Turco, K. Drdla, M. Z. Jacobson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1619 (1994); A. Tabazadeh and O. B. Toon, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 9071 (1996).
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 1619
    • Tabazadeh, A.1    Turco, R.P.2    Drdla, K.3    Jacobson, M.Z.4
  • 10
    • 0005062825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 2479 (1994); K. S. Carslaw, T. Peter, S. L Clegg, Rev. Geophys. 35, 125 (1997); A. Tabazadeh, R. P. Turco, K. Drdla, M. Z. Jacobson, Geophys. Res. Lett. 21, 1619 (1994); A. Tabazadeh and O. B. Toon, J. Geophys. Res. 101, 9071 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 9071
    • Tabazadeh, A.1    Toon, O.B.2
  • 11
    • 0029837410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. Peter, Science 273, 1352 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.273 , pp. 1352
    • Peter, T.1
  • 12
    • 0345090776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2O uptake by background aerosols, and 188 K. Below that temperature ice particles (PSC type II) form.
  • 16
    • 0345090775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The lens used for this flight focused, over a pressure range from 20 to 100 mbar, particles of radius 0.2 to 4 μm to a beam of less than 1.0 mm in diameter at a distance of 90 mm from the exit hole of the lens. The transmission efficiency is nearly 90%.
  • 19
    • 0344659957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Temperatures were measured 80 m above the gondola with a PT 100 sensor. Shown in Fig. 2 are temperature data averaged over 50 s and with an error of ± 1 K.
  • 20
    • 0345090774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 2O, expected to be condensed in PSC particles, were made before the flight to ensure quantitative composition analysis. Sulfate aerosols were also used to test the lens alignment as well as particle transmission and detection capability of the entire system.
  • 22
    • 0024812768 scopus 로고
    • F. Arnold and G. Knop, Nature 338, 746 (1989); H. Schlager, F. Arnold, D. Hofmann, T. Deshler, Geophys. Res. Lett. 17, 1275 (1990).
    • (1989) Nature , vol.338 , pp. 746
    • Arnold, F.1    Knop, G.2
  • 24
    • 1542500137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., J. Geophys. Res. 103, 5785 (1998); K. S. Carslaw et al. Nature 391, 675 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 5785
    • Carslaw, K.S.1
  • 25
    • 0032510048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • K. S. Carslaw et al., J. Geophys. Res. 103, 5785 (1998); K. S. Carslaw et al. Nature 391, 675 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 675
    • Carslaw, K.S.1
  • 31
    • 0344228666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • This research was, in part, supported by the German Ozone Research program and the Commission of the European Community (N.L). We like to thank the French and Swedish team for their impressive balloon launch and flight support. Special thanks to Jim Rosen, University of Wyoming, for letting us use his backscatter sondes. Support and information before and during the balloon flight from research groups at Andoya, Norway, Kiruna, Sweden, and Sodankyta, Finland is greatly appreciated.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.