Rising tide of cardiovascular disease in American Indians: The strong heart study

Circulation

Volumn 99, Issue 18, 1999, Pages 2389-2395

  Howard, Barbara V ^a,h   Lee, Elisa T ^b   Cowan, Linda D ^c   Devereux, Richard B ^d   Galloway, James M ^e   Go, Oscar T ^b   Howard, William James ^a   Rhoades, Everett R ^f   Robbins, David C ^a   Sievers, Maurice L ^a   Welty, Thomas K ^g  

^a WASHINGTON HOSPITAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^d Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences   (United States)

^e Native American Research and Training Center   (United States)

^f UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^g Aberdeen Area Tribal Chairmen's Health Board   (United States)

^h Medlantic Research Institute   (United States)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Heart disease; Indians; Mortality; North American; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; AMERICAN INDIAN; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; ETHNIC GROUP; FEMALE; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINORITY GROUP; MORTALITY; OBESITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 0033545901     PISSN: 00097322     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.CIR.99.18.2389     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Sievers ML, Fisher JR. Diseases of North American Indians. In: Rothschild HR, ed. Biocultural Aspects of Disease. New York, NY: Academic Press; 1981:191-252.
2. Howard BV, Lee ET, Cowan LD, Fabsitz RR, Howard WJ, Oopik AJ, Robbins DC, Savage PJ, Yeh JL, Welty TK. Coronary heart disease prevalence and its relation to risk factors in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142:254-268.
3. Nelson RG, Sievers ML, Knowler WC, Swinburn BA, Pettitt DJ, Saad MF, Liebow IM, Howard BV, Bennett PH. Low incidence of fatal coronary heart disease in Pima Indians despite high prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Circulation. 1990;81:987-995.
4. Indian Health Service. IHS Chart Series Book, June 1984. Washington DC; US Government Printing Office, US Department of Health and Human Services.
5. US Congress. Office of Technology Assessment. Indian Health Care. OTA-H-290 (Washington, DC, US Government Printing Office, April 1986).
6. Oopik AJ, Dorogy M, Devereux RB, Yeh JL, Okin PM, Lee ET, Cowan L, Fabsitz RR, Howard BV, Welty TK. Major electrocardiographic abnormalities among American Indians aged 45 to 74 years (the Strong Heart Study). Am J Cardiol. 1996;78:1400-1405.
7. Lee ET, Cowan LD, Howard WJ, Sievers M, Welty TK, Wang W, Yeh, JL, Rhoades ER, Devereux RB, Fabsitz RR, Go O, Howard BV. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease mortality in 3 American Indian populations aged 45 to 74 years, 1984 to 88: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;147:995-1008.
8. Lee ET, Welty TK, Fabsitz R, Cowan LD, Lee N-A, Oopik AJ, Cucchiara AJ, Savage PJ, Howard BV, The Strong Heart Study: a study of cardiovascular disease in American Indians: design and methods. Am J Epidemiol. 1990;132:1141-1155.
9. Howard BV, Welty TK, Fabsitz RR, Cowan LD, Oopik AJ, Le NA, Yeh J, Savage PJ, Lee ET. Risk factors for coronary heart disease in diabetic and nondiabetic Native Americans: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes. 1992:41(suppl 2):4-11.
10. Stoddart M, Jarvis B, Blake B, Fabsitz RR, Welty TK, Lee ET, Howard BV. Recruitment of American Indians in epidemiologic research: the Strong Heart Study. J Natl Center Am Indian Alaska Native Ment Health Res. In press.
11. Lee ET, Howard BV, Savage PJ, Cowan LD, Fabsitz RR, Oopik AJ, Yeh JL, Go O, Robbins DC, Welty TK. Diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in 3 American Indian populations aged 45 to 74 years: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 1995;18:599-610.
12. WHO Expert Committee on Diabetes Mellitus. Second Report. Geneva, World Health Organization. 1980 (Technical Report Series 646).
13. Rothman KJ. Modern Epidemiology. Boston, Mass: Little, Brown & Co; 1986.
14. Manolio TA, Kronmal RA, Burke GL, O'Leary DH, Price TR. Short-term predictors of incident stroke in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke. 1996;27:1479-1486.
15. Chambless LE, Heiss G, Folsom AR, Rosamond W, Szklo M, Sharrett AR. Clegg LX. Association of coronary heart disease incidence with carotid arterial wall thickness and major risk factors: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, 1987 to 1993. Am J Epidemiol. 1997;146:483-494.
16. Welty TK, Lee ET, Yeh J, Cowan LD, Fabsitz RR, Le NA, Robbins DC, Oopik AJ, Howard BV. Cardiovascular disease risk factors among American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1995;142: 269-287.
17. Makimattila S, Virkamaki A, Gropp PH, Cockcraft J, Utrianen T, Fagerudd J, Yki-Jarvinen H. Chronic hyperglycemia impairs endothelial function and insulin sensitivity via different mechanisms in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 1996;94:1276-1282.
18. Yki-Jarvinen H, Makimattila S. Insulin resistance due to hyperglycaemia: an adaptation protecting insulin-sensitive tissues. Diabetologia. 1997; 40(suppl 2):S141-S144.
19. Devereux RB, Roman MJ, Ilercil A, Paranicas M, O'Grady MJ, Welty TK, Fabsitz RR, Howard BV, Lee ET. Impact of diabetes on cardiac structure and function in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29:448A. Abstract.
20. Borch-Johnsen K, Kreiner S. Proteinuria. Value as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Br Med J. 1987;294:1651-1654.
21. Parving HH, Gall MA, Nielsen FS. Dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with and without diabetic nephropathy. J Int Med. 1994;736:89-94.
22. Savage S, Estacio RO, Jeffers B, Schrier RW. Urinary albumin excretion as a predictor of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease in NIDDM. Diabetes Care. 1996;19:1243-1248.
23. Howard BV, Lee ET, Yeh JL, Go O, Fabsitz RR, Devereux RB, Welty TK. Hypertension in adult American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Hypertension. 1996;28:256-264.
24. Gray RS, Robbins DC, Wang W, Yeh JL, Fabsitz RR, Cowan LD, Welty TK, Lee ET, Krauss RM, Howard BV. Relation of LDL size to the insulin resistance syndrome and coronary heart disease in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:2713-2720.
25. Fabsitz RR, Sidawy AN, Go O, Lee ET, Welty TK, Devereux RB, Howard BV. Prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and associated risk factors in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;149:330-338.