Controlling charge states of large ions

Science

Volumn 283, Issue 5399, 1999, Pages 194-197

  Scalf, Mark ^a   Westphall, Michael S ^a   Krause, Joern ^a,b   Kaufman, Stanley L ^a,c   Smith, Lloyd M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b TSI Inc ^*  (Switzerland)

^c TSI INCORPORATED   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYTOCHROME C; INSULIN; ION; UBIQUITIN;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL REACTION; ION CURRENT; IONIZATION; MASS SPECTROMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REACTION ANALYSIS; SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY;

AEROSOLS; CYTOCHROME C GROUP; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; INSULIN; IONS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; POLONIUM; PROTEINS; UBIQUITINS;

EID: 0033534634     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.283.5399.194     Document Type: Article

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31. The charge reduction process could in principle involve reactions of the bipolar neutralizing gas with either the electrospray-generated droplets or the electrospray-generated ions. This important mechanistic distinction is closely related to a controversy in the literature as to the mechanism of ion generation in ESI [M. Dole et al., J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968); J. V. Iribarne and B. A. Thomson, ibid. 64, 2287 (1976); B. A. Thomson and J. V. Iribarne, ibid. 71, 4451 (1979); F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Wegen, L. Bütfering, J. Phys. (Paris) 48, C6-253 (1987); G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90, 139 (1989)], and in the present work it also relates to the question of where in the system the droplets are transformed into ions. The experiments reported here do not permit discrimination between these two mechanisms.
32. The charge reduction process could in principle involve reactions of the bipolar neutralizing gas with either the electrospray-generated droplets or the electrospray-generated ions. This important mechanistic distinction is closely related to a controversy in the literature as to the mechanism of ion generation in ESI [M. Dole et al., J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968); J. V. Iribarne and B. A. Thomson, ibid. 64, 2287 (1976); B. A. Thomson and J. V. Iribarne, ibid. 71, 4451 (1979); F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Wegen, L. Bütfering, J. Phys. (Paris) 48, C6-253 (1987); G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90, 139 (1989)], and in the present work it also relates to the question of where in the system the droplets are transformed into ions. The experiments reported here do not permit discrimination between these two mechanisms.
33. The charge reduction process could in principle involve reactions of the bipolar neutralizing gas with either the electrospray-generated droplets or the electrospray-generated ions. This important mechanistic distinction is closely related to a controversy in the literature as to the mechanism of ion generation in ESI [M. Dole et al., J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968); J. V. Iribarne and B. A. Thomson, ibid. 64, 2287 (1976); B. A. Thomson and J. V. Iribarne, ibid. 71, 4451 (1979); F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Wegen, L. Bütfering, J. Phys. (Paris) 48, C6-253 (1987); G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90, 139 (1989)], and in the present work it also relates to the question of where in the system the droplets are transformed into ions. The experiments reported here do not permit discrimination between these two mechanisms.
34. The charge reduction process could in principle involve reactions of the bipolar neutralizing gas with either the electrospray-generated droplets or the electrospray-generated ions. This important mechanistic distinction is closely related to a controversy in the literature as to the mechanism of ion generation in ESI [M. Dole et al., J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968); J. V. Iribarne and B. A. Thomson, ibid. 64, 2287 (1976); B. A. Thomson and J. V. Iribarne, ibid. 71, 4451 (1979); F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Wegen, L. Bütfering, J. Phys. (Paris) 48, C6-253 (1987); G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90, 139 (1989)], and in the present work it also relates to the question of where in the system the droplets are transformed into ions. The experiments reported here do not permit discrimination between these two mechanisms.
35. The charge reduction process could in principle involve reactions of the bipolar neutralizing gas with either the electrospray-generated droplets or the electrospray-generated ions. This important mechanistic distinction is closely related to a controversy in the literature as to the mechanism of ion generation in ESI [M. Dole et al., J. Chem. Phys. 49, 2240 (1968); J. V. Iribarne and B. A. Thomson, ibid. 64, 2287 (1976); B. A. Thomson and J. V. Iribarne, ibid. 71, 4451 (1979); F. W. Röllgen, E. Bramer-Wegen, L. Bütfering, J. Phys. (Paris) 48, C6-253 (1987); G. Schmelzeisen-Redeker, L. Bütfering, F. W. Röllgen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes 90, 139 (1989)], and in the present work it also relates to the question of where in the system the droplets are transformed into ions. The experiments reported here do not permit discrimination between these two mechanisms.
36. 210P0 α particle source was obtained from NRD Incorporated, Grand Island, NY (#P-2042).
37. 210P0 α particle source was obtained from NRD Incorporated, Grand Island, NY (#P-2042).
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47. The work described here has benefited from the efforts of other members of our laboratory and the University of Wisconsin Department of Chemistry over several years. We particularly acknowledge the helpful contributions of S. Mouradian, C. Hop, M. Vestling, and R. Clausen in this regard. Supported by Department of Energy grant DE-FG02-91ER61130, NIH grants R01HG00321 and R01HG001808, and NIH-GMS 5T32GMO8349 training grant (M.S.).