Methods in health service research. Evaluation of health interventions at area and organisation level

British Medical Journal

Volumn 319, Issue 7206, 1999, Pages 376-379

  Ukoumunne, Obioha C ^a   Gulliford, Martin C ^a   Chinn, Susan ^a   Sterne, Jonathan A C ^a   Burney, Peter G J ^a   Donner, Allan ^b  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH; HUMAN; METHODOLOGY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 0033533238     PISSN: 09598146     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.319.7206.376     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. 1 Murray DM. Design and analysis of group randomised trials. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
2. 2 Donner A, Klai N. Cluster randomisation trials in epidemiology: theory and application. J Stat Planning Inference 1994;42:37-56.
3. 3 Donner A, Brown KS, Brasher P. A methodological review of non-therapeutic intervention trials employing cluster randomisation, 1979-1989. Int J Epidemiol 1990;19:795-800.
4. 4 McKinlay JB. More appropriate evaluation methods for community-level health interventions. Evaluation Review 1996;20:237-43.
5. 5 Whiting O'Keefe QE, Henke C, Simborg DW. Choosing the correct unit of analysis in medical care experiments. Med Care 1984;22:1401-14.
6. 6 Grossdkurth H, Mosha F, Todd J, Mwijaruhi E, Klokke E, Seikoto K, et al. Improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1995;346:530-6.
7. 7 Black N. Why we need observational studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health care. BMJ 1996;312:1215-8.
8. 8 Cook TD, Campbell DT. Quasi-experimentation. Design and analysis issues for field settings. Chicago: Rand McNally, 1979.
9. 9 Donner A, Birkett N, Buck C. Randomisation by cluster. Sample size requirements and analysis. Am J Epidemiol 1981;114:906-14.
10. 10 Donner A. Sample size requirements for cluster randomisation designs, Stat Med 1992;11:743-50.
11. 11 Hsieh FY. Sample size formulae for intervention studies with the cluster as unit of randomisation. Stat Med 1988;7:1195-201.
12. 12 Hannan PJ, Murray DM, Jacobs DR Jr, McGovern PG. Parameters to aid in the design and analysis of community trials: intraclass correlations from the Minnesota Heart Health Programme. Epidemiology 1994;5:88-95.
13. 13 Ukoumunne OC, Gulliford MC, Chinn S, Sterne JAC, Burney PGJ. Methods for evaluating area-wide and organisation-based interventions in health and health care. Health Technol Asses 1999;3(5).
14. 14 Gulliford MC, Ukoumunne OC, Chinn S. Components of variance and intraclass correlations for the design of community-based surveys and intervention studies: data from the health survey for England 1994. Am J Epidemiol 1999;149:876-83.
15. 15 Thompson SG, Pyke SDM, Hardy RJ. The design and analysis of paired cluster randomised trials: an application of meta-analysis techniques. Stat Med 1997;16:2063-79.
16. 16 Klar N, Donner A. The merits of matching: a cautionary tale. Stat Med 1997;16:1753-6.
17. 17 Martin DC, Diehr P, Perrin EB, Koepsell TD. The effect of matching on the power of randomised community intervention studies. Stat Med 1993;46:123-31.
18. 18 Diehr P, Martin DC, Koepsell T, Cheadle A. Breaking the matches in a paired t-test for community interventions when the number of pairs is small. Stat Med 1995;14:1491-504.
19. 19 Feldman HA, McKinlay SM. Cohort versus cross-sectional design in large held trials: precision, sample size and a unifying model. Stat Med 1994;13:61-78.
20. 20 Diehr P. Martin DC, Koepsell T, Cheadle A, Psaty BM, Wagner EH. Optimal survey design for community intervention evaluations: cohort or cross-sectional? J Clin Epidemiol 1995;48:1461-72.
21. 21 Donner A, Klar N. Confidence interval construction for effect measures arising from cluster randomisation trials. J Clin Epidemiol 1993;46:123-31.
22. 22 Rice N, Leyland A. Multi-level models application to health data. J Health Serv Res Policy 1996;1:154-64.
23. 23 Duncan C, Jones K, Moon G. Context, composition and heterogeneity: using multi-level models in health research. Soc Sci Med 1998;46:97-117.
24. 24 Edwards SJL, Lilford RJ, Braunholtz DA, Jackson JC, Hewison J, Thornton J. Ethics of randomised trials. In: Black N, Brazier J, Fitzpatrick R, Reeves B, eds. Health services research methods. A guide to best practice. London: BMJ Books, 1998:98-107.