Pulse-to-pulse coherent doppler measurements of waves and turbulence

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

Volumn 16, Issue 11 PART 1, 1999, Pages 1580-1597

  Veron, Fabrice ^a   Melville, W Kendall ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC METHOD; BREAKING WAVES; DOPPLER EFFECT; MEASUREMENT METHOD; OCEANOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT; PROFILER; TURBULENCE;

EID: 0033494320     PISSN: 07390572     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Agrawal, Y. C., E. A. Terray, M. A. Donelan, P. A. Hwang, A. J. Williams III, W. M. Drennan, K. K. Kahma, and S. A. Kitaigorodskii, 1992: Enhanced dissipation of kinetic energy beneath surface waves. Nature, 359, 219-220.
2. Anis, A., and J. N. Moum, 1995: Surface wave-turbulence interactions: Scaling ε(z) near the sea surface. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 346-366.
3. Cabrera, R., K. Deines, B. Brumley, and E. Terray, 1987: Development of a practical coherent acoustic Doppler current profiler. Proc. IEEE Fourth Working Conference on Current Measurement, New York, NY, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 93-97.
4. Craig, P. D., and M. L. Banner, 1994: Modeling wave-enhanced turbulence in the ocean surface layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2546-2559.
5. Drennan, W. M., K. K. Kahma, E. A. Terray, M. A. Donelan, and S. A. Kitaigorodskii, 1992: Observations of the enhancement of kinetic energy dissipation beneath breaking wind waves. Breaking Waves: IUTAM Symposium Sydney, Autralia 1991, M. L. Banner and R. H. L. Grimshaw, Eds., Springer-Verlag, 95-102.
6. _, M. A. Donelan, E. A. Terray, and K. B. Katsaros, 1996: Oceanic turbulence dissipation measurements in SWADE. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 808-815.
7. Frish, U., 1995: Turbulence. Cambridge University Press, 296 pp.
8. Gargett, A. E., 1989: Ocean turbulence. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 21, 419-451.
9. _, 1994: Observing turbulence with a modified acoustic Doppler current profiler. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 1592-1610.
10. George, R., R. E. Flick, and R. T. Guza, 1994: Observation of turbulence in the surf zone. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 801-810.
11. Goodman, L., 1990: Acoustic scattering from ocean microstructure. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 11 557-11 573.
12. Gregg, M. C., D. P. Winkel, and T. B. Sanford, 1993: Varieties of fully resolved spectra of vertical shear. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 124-141.
13. Hay, A. E., 1991: Sound scattering from a particle-laden turbulent jet. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 90, 2055-2074.
14. He, C., and A. E. Hay, 1993: Broadband measurements of the acoustic backscatter cross section of sand particles in suspension. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 94, 2247-2254.
15. Hinze, J. O., 1975: Turbulence. McGraw-Hill, 790 pp.
16. Komen, G. J., M. Cavaleri, K. Hasselmann, S. Hasselmann, and P. A. E. M. Janssen, 1994: Dynamics and Modelling of Ocean Waves. Cambridge University Press, 532 pp.
17. Lhermitte, R., and R. Serafin, 1984: Pulse-to-pulse coherent Doppler signal processing techniques. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 1, 293-308.
18. _, and U. Lemmin, 1990: Probing water turbulence by high frequency Doppler sonar. Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 1549-1552.
19. _, and _, 1994: Open-channel flow and turbulence measurement by high resolution Doppler sonar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 11, 1295-1308.
20. Loewen, M. R., and W. K. Melville, 1991: Microwave backscatter and acoustic radiation from breaking waves. J. Fluid Mech., 224, 601-623.
21. Lohrmann, A., B. Hackett, and L. P. Røed, 1990: High resolution measurements of turbulence, velocity and stress using a pulse-to-pulse coherent sonar. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 7, 19-37.
22. Lumley, J. L., and E. A. Terray, 1983: Frequency spectra of frozen turbulence in a random wave field. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 13, 2000-2007.
23. McWilliams, J. C., P. P. Sullivan, and C.-H. Moeng, 1997: Langmuir turbulence in the ocean, J. Fluid Mech., 334, 1-30.
24. Melville, W. K., 1994: Energy dissipation by breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2041-2049.
25. _, 1996: The role of surface-wave breaking in air-sea interaction. Anna. Rev. Fluid Mech., 28, 279-321.
26. _, R. Shear, and F. Veron, 1998: Laboratory measurements of the generation and evolution of Langmuir circulations. J. Fluid Mech., 364, 31-58.
27. Miller, K. S., and M. M. Rochwarger, 1972: A covariance approach to spectral moment estimation. IEEE Trans. Info. Theory, 18, 588-596.
28. Oakey, N. S., and J. A. Elliot, 1982: Dissipation within the surface mixed layer. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 12, 171-185.
29. Osborn, T, D. M. Farmer, S. Vagle, S. A. Thorpe, and M. Cure, 1992: Measurements of bubble plumes and turbulence from a submarine. Atmos.-Ocean, 30, 419-440.
30. Plueddemann, A. J., and R. Pinkel, 1989: Characterization of the patterns of diel migration using a Doppler sonar. Deep-Sea Res., 36, 509-530.
31. Rapp, R. J., and W. K. Melville, 1990: Laboratory measurements of deep-water breaking waves. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, 331A, 735-800.
32. Richard, S. D., A. D. Heathershaw, and P. D. Thorne, 1996: The effect of suspended particulate matter on sound attenuation in seawater. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer., 100, 1447-1450.
33. Siegel, D. A., and A. J. Plueddemann, 1991: The motion of a solid sphere in an oscillating flow: An evaluation of remotely sensed Doppler velocity estimates in the sea. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 8, 296-304.
34. Skyllingstad, E. D., and D. W. Denbo, 1995: An ocean large-eddy simulation of Langmuir circulations and convection in the surface mixed layer. J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8501-8522.
35. Snyder, W. H., and J. L. Lumley, 1971: Some measurements of particle velocity autocorrelation functions in a turbulent flow. J. Fluid Mech., 48, 41-71.
36. Tennekes, H., and J. L. Lumley, 1972: A First Course in Turbulence. The MIT Press, 300 pp.
37. Terray, E. A., M. A. Donelan, Y. C. Agrawal, W. M. Drennan, K. K. Kahama, A. J. Williams III, P A. Hwang, and S. A. Kitaigorodskii, 1996: Estimates of kinetic energy dissipation under breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 792-807.
38. Terrill, E. J., 1998: Acoustic measurements of air entrainment by breaking waves. Ph.D. thesis, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 244 pp.
39. _, and W. K. Melville, 2000: A broadband acoustic technique for measurements of bubble size distributions: Laboratory and shallow water measurements. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., in press.
40. Thorpe, S. A., 1993: Energy loss by breaking waves. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23, 2498-2502.
41. Willert, C. E., and M. Gharib, 1991: Digital particle image velocimeter. Expts. Fluids, 10, 181-193.
42. Zedel, L., A. E. Hays, R. Cabrera, and A. Lohrmann, 1996: Performance of a single-beam pule-to-pulse coherent Doppler profiler. IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 21, 290-297.