Observers' reactions to social-sexual behavior at work: An ethical decision making perspective

Journal of Management

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 779-802

  Bowes Sperry, Lynn ^a   Powell, Gary N ^b  

^a JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0033474155     PISSN: 01492063     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/014920639902500601     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. 1991. Multiple Regression: Testing and Interpreting Interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Ajzen, I. 1985. From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl and J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior (Pp. 11-39). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
3. Ajzen, I. & Fishbein, M. 1980. Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
4. Alexander, C. S., & Becker, H. J. 1978. The use of vignettes in survey research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 42: 93-104.
5. Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. 1989. Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14: 20-39.
6. Beck, L., & Ajzen, I. 1991. Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 25: 285-301.
7. Brockner, J. 1990. Scope of justice in the workplace: How survivors react to co-worker layoffs. Journal of Social Issues, 46 (1): 95-106.
8. Burns, S. E. 1995. Issues in workplace sexual harassment law and related social science research. Journal of Social Issues, 51 (1): 193-207.
9. Byrne, D., & Neuman, J. H. 1992. The implications of attraction research for organizational issues. In K. Kelley (Ed.), Issues, Theory, and Research in Industrial/Organizational Psychology (Pp. 29-70). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
10. Cleveland, J. N. 1994. Women and sexual harassment: Work and well-being in U.S. organizations. In M. J. Davidson & R. J. Burke (Eds.), Women in Management: Current Research Issues (Pp. 168-191). London: Chapman.
11. Crosby, F. J., & Lubin, E. P. 1990. Extending the moral community: Logical and psychological dilemmas. Journal of Social Issues, 46 (1): 163-172.
12. Dandekar, N. 1990. Contrasting consequences: Bringing charges of sexual harassment compared with other cases of whistle-blowing. Journal of Business Ethics, 9: 151-158.
13. Darlington, R. B. 1968. Multiple regression in psychological research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69: 161-182.
14. Dozier, J. B. 1988. Is Whistle-blowing Helping Behavior: A Laboratory Study of Team Members' Reporting of an Unethical Team Leader. Unpublished dissertation, Ohio State University.
15. Festinger, L. 1957. A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
16. Forsyth, D. R. 1980. A taxonomy of ethical ideologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39: 175-184.
17. Forsyth, D. R. 1992. Judging the morality of business practices: The influence of personal moral philosophies. Journal of Business Ethics, 11: 461-470.
18. Forsyth, D. R., & Berger, R. E. 1982. The effects of ethical ideology on moral behavior. Journal of Social Psychology, 117: 53-56.
19. Fritzsche, D. J. 1988. An examination of marketing ethics: Role of the decision-maker, consequences of the decision, management position, and sex of the respondent. Journal of Macromarketing, 8 (2): 29-39.
20. Fritzsche, D. J., & Becker, H. 1984. Linking management behavior to ethical philosophy: An empirical investigation. Academy of Management Journal, 27: 166-175.
21. Gatewood, R. D., & Carroll, A. B. 1991. Assessment of ethical performance of organization members: A conceptual framework. Academy of Management Review, 16: 667-690.
22. Greenberg, J., & Eskew, D. E. 1993. The role of role playing in organizational research. Journal of Management, 19: 221-241.
23. Guion, R. M. 1983. Editorial: Comments from the new editor. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68: 547-551.
24. Gutek, B. A. 1985. Sex and the Workplace. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
25. Gutek, B. A., Cohen, A. G., & Konrad, A. M. 1990. Predicting social-sexual behavior at work: A contact hypothesis. Academy of Management Journal, 33: 560-577.
26. Gutek, B. A., & Koss, M. P. 1993. Changed women and changed organizations: Consequences of and coping with sexual harassment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42: 28-48.
27. Gutek, B. A., Nakamura, C. Y., Gahart, M., Handschumacher, I., & Russell, D. 1980. Sexuality and the workplace. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 1: 255-265.
28. Haan, N. 1983. An interactional morality of everyday life. In N. Haan, R. N. Bellah, P. Rabinow, & W. M. Sullivan (Eds.), Social Science as Moral Inquiry (Pp. 218-250). New York: Columbia University Press.
29. Jones, T. M. 1991. Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model. Academy of Management Review, 16: 366-395.
30. Kohlberg, L. 1969. Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization. In D. A. Goslin (Ed.), Handbook of Socialization Theory and Research (Pp. 347-480). Chicago: Rand-McNally.
31. Lott, B., Reilly, M. E., & Howard, D. E. 1982. Sexual assault and harassment: A campus community case study. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 8 (2): 296-319.
32. Loy, P. H., & Stewart, L. P. 1984. The extent and effects of the sexual harassment of working women. Sociological Focus, 17 (1): 31-43.
33. Maremont, M. 1996. Abuse of power: The astonishing tale of sexual harassment at Astra USA. Business Week, May 13: 86-98.
34. Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. 1985. Characteristics of organizational climate and perceived wrongdoing associated with whistle-blowing decisions. Personnel Psychology, 38: 525-544.
35. Miceli, M. P., & Near, J. P. 1988. Individual and situational correlates of whistle-blowing. Personnel PsycholOgy, 41: 267-281.
36. Morris, S. A., & McDonald, R. A. 1995. The role of moral intensity in moral judgments: An empirical investigation. Journal of Business Ethics, 14: 715-726.
37. Near, J. P., & Miceli, M. P. 1987. Whistle-blowers in organizations: Dissidents or reformers? in B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in Organizational Behavior (Vol. 9, pp. 321-368). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
38. Opotow, S. 1990. Moral exclusion and injustice: An introduction. Journal of Social Issues, 46 (1): 1-20.
39. Paulhus, D. L. 1990. Measurement and control of response bias. In J. P. Robinson, P. R. Shaver, & L. S. Wrightsman (Eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes (Vol. 1, pp. 17-41). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
40. Pedhazur, E. J. 1982. Multiple Regression in Behavioral Research (2nd Ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston.
41. Powell, G. N. 1986. Effects of sex role identity and sex on definitions of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 14:9-19.
42. Powell, G. N. 1993. Women and Men in Management (2nd Ed.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
43. Pryor, J. B. 1985. The lay person's understanding of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 13: 273-286.
44. Pryor, J. B., & Day, J. D. 1988. Interpretations of sexual harassment: An attributional analysis. Sex Roles, 18: 405-417.
45. Pryor, J. B., LaVite, C. M., & Stoller, L. M. 1993. A social psychological analysis of sexual harassment: The person/situation interaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42: 68-83.
46. Ragins, B. R., & Scandura, T. A. 1995. Antecedents and work-related correlates of reported sexual harassment: An empirical investigation of competing hypotheses. Sex Roles, 32: 429-455.
47. Randall, D. M., & Fernandes, M. F. 1991. The social desirability response bias in ethics research. Journal of Business Ethics, 10: 805-817.
48. Rest, J. R. 1986. Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory. New York: Praeger.
49. Rosen, B., & Jerdee, T. H. 1974. Factors influencing disciplinary judgments. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59: 327-333.
50. Salancik, G. R., & Pfeffer, J. 1978. A social information processing approach to job attitudes and task design. Administrative Science Quarterly, 23: 224-253.
51. Schlenker, B. R., & Forsyth, D. R. 1977. On the ethics of psychological research. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13: 369-396.
52. Staub, E. 1990. Moral exclusion, personal goal theory, and extreme destructiveness. Journal of Social Issues, 46 (1): 47-64.
53. Stockdale, M. S. 1996. What we know and what we need to learn about sexual harassment. In M. S. Stockdale (Ed.), Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: Perspectives, Frontiers, and Response Strategies (Pp. 3-25). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
54. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. 1979. An integrative theory of intergroup conflict. In W. G. Austin & S. Worbel (Eds.), The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations (Pp. 33-47). Monterey, CA: Brooks-Cole.
55. Trevino, L. K. 1986. Ethical decision making in organizations: A person-situation interactionist model. Academy of Management Review, 11: 601-617.
56. Trevino, L. K., & Victor, B. 1992. Peer reporting of unethical behavior: A social context perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 35: 38-64.
57. Trevino, L. K., & Youngblood, S. A. 1990. Bad apples in bad barrels: A causal analysis of ethical decision-making behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75: 378-385.
58. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. 1981. Guidelines on discrimination because of sex. In U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace: Is it a Problem? (Pp. E9-E10). Washington: Government Printing Office.
59. U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. 1995. Sexual Harassment in the Federal Workplace: Trends, Progress, Continuing Challenges. Washington: Government Printing Office.
60. Vaux, A. 1993. Paradigmatic assumptions in sexual harassment research: Being guided without being misled. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 42: 116-135.
61. Walster, E. 1966. Assignment of responsibility for an accident. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3: 73-79.
62. Weber, J. 1996. Influences upon managerial moral decision making: Nature of the harm and magnitude of consequences. Human Relations, 49: 1-22.
63. York, K. M. 1989. Defining sexual harassment in workplaces: A policy-capturing approach. Academy of Management Journal, 32: 830-850.