Buffer-gas loaded magnetic traps for atoms and molecules: A primer

European Physical Journal D

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 289-309

  DeCarvalho, R ^a   Doyle, J M ^a   Friedrich, B ^a,b   Guillet, T ^a   Kim, J ^a   Patterson, D ^a   Weinstein, J D ^a  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOM LASERS; CALCIUM COMPOUNDS; CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS; COPPER COMPOUNDS; EUROPIUM COMPOUNDS; EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS; GASES; MAGNETISM; MOLECULES;

BUFFER GAS; BUFFER GAS COOLING; COOLING TECHNIQUE; ELASTIC COLLISION; GAS LOADING; GAS-LOADED; HELIUM GAS; MAGNETIC TRAP; THERMALIZATION; TRAPPED ATOMS;

ATOMS;

EID: 0033473110     PISSN: 14346060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s100530050572     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. W. Ketterle, N.J. van Druten, Adv. At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 37, 181 (1996).
2. B. Friedrich, R. deCarvalho, J. Kim, D. Patterson, J.D. Weinstein, J.M. Doyle, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 94, 1783 (1998).
3. J.M. Doyle, B. Friedrich, J. Kim, D. Patterson, Phys. Rev. A 52, R2515 (1995).
4. J.R. Heath, Q.L. Zhang, S.C. O'Brien, R.F. Curl, H.W. Kroto, R.E. Smalley, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 359 (1987).
5. 4He is determined from extrapolation of data given in this reference.
6. 3He gas are determined from extrapolation of data present in this reference.
7. J.M. Doyle, Ph.D. thesis, MIT, 1991.
8. W. Petrich, M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, E.A. Cornell, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3352 (1995).
9. J.D. Weinstein, R. deCarvalho, J. Kim, D. Patterson, B. Friedrich, J.M. Doyle, Phys. Rev. A 57, R3173 (1998).
10. W. Ketterle, K.B. Davis, M.A. Joffe, A. Martin, D.E. Pritchard, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2253 (1993).
11. J.M.V.A. Koelman, H.T.C. Stoof, B.J. Verhaar, J.T.M. Walraven, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 676 (1987).
12. J.M.V.A. Koelman, H.T.C. Stoof, B.J. Verhaar, J.T.M. Walraven, Phys. Rev. B 38, 9319 (1988).
13. M. Houbiers, R. Ferwerda, H.T.C. Stroof, W.I. McAlexander, C.A. Sockett, R.G. Hulet, Phys. Rev. A 56, 4864 (1997).
14. J. Javanainen, J. Ruostekoski, Phys. Rev. A 52, 3033 (1995).
15. V. Sandoghar et al., J. Mod. Opt. 44, 1883 (1997).
16. J.J. McClelland, W.R. Anderson, R.J. Celotta, Proc. SPIE Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 2995, 90 (1997).
17. C.E. Moore, in Atomic Energy Levels As Derived From the Analyses of Optical Spectra (National Bureau of Standards, USA, 1971), Volume II.
18. T. Reinhardt, J. Maichel, M. Baumann, J. Krueger, Z. Phys. D 34, 87 (1995).
19. J. Kim, Ph.D. thesis, Harvard University, 1997.
20. D.W. Sedgley, A.T. Tobin, T.H. Batzer, W.R. Call, J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A 5, 2572 (1987).
21. J. Kim, B. Friedrich, D.P. Katz, D. Patterson, J.D. Weinstein, R. deCarvalho, J.M. Doyle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 3665 (1997).
22. K.B. Blagoev, V.A. Komarovskii, At. Nucl. Data Tables 56, 1 (1994).
23. G.J. Zaal, W. Hogerworst, E.R. Eliel, K.A.H. van Leeuwen, J. Blok, Z. Phys. A 290, 339 (1979).
24. N.F. Ramsey, in Molecular Beams (Oxford University Press, London, 1955).
25. Experimental Transition Probabilities for Spectral Lines of Seventy Elements, NBS53 (US Department of Commerce, NBS, 1962).
26. J. Weinstein, R. deCarvalho, T. Guillet, B. Friedrich, J.M. Doyle, Nature 395, 148 (1998).
27. L.E. Berg, L. Klyning, Phys. Scripta 10, 331 (1974).
28. H. Martin, J. Mol. Spect. 108, 66 (1984).
29. T. Leininger, G. Jeung, J. Chem. Phys. 103, 3942 (1995).
30. R.N. Zare, Angular momentum (Wiley, New York, 1988).
31. B. Friedrich, R. deCarvalho, J.D. Weinstein, J.M. Doyle, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 2376 (1999).
32. G. Herzberg, Spectra of diatomic molecules (van Nostrand, Princeton, 1950).
33. H.E. Radford, H.P. Broida, Phys. Rev. 128, 231 (1962).
34. J.H. van Vleck, Phys. Rev. 33, 467 (1929).
35. H. Lefebvre-Brion, R.W. Field, Perturbations in the spectra of diatomic molecules (Academic Press, New York, 1986).
36. J.T Hougen, The calculations of rotational energy levels and rotational line intensities in diatomic molecules (National Bureau of Standards Monograph 115, Washington, 1970).
37. H.E. Radford, Phys. Rev. 126, 1035 (1962).
38. M. Gross, S. Haroche, Phys. Rep. 93, 301 (1982).
39. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, J. Dupont-Roc, G. Grynberg, Atom-Photon Interactions, Basic Processes and Applications (Wiley, New York, 1992).
40. J. Javanainen, J. Ruostekoshi, Phys. Rev. A 52, 3033 (1995).
41. A. Legget, J. Phys. Colloq. France 41, C7-19 (1980).
42. M. Houbier, R. Ferwerda, H. Stoof, W. McAlexander, C. Sackett, R. Hulet, Phys. Rev. A 56, 4864 (1997).
43. D. Kleppner (private communication).
44. M.G. Kozlov, V.F. Ezhov, Phys. Rev. A 49, 4502 (1994).
45. E.A. Hinds, K. Sangster, AIP Conf. Proc., 270, 77 (1993).
46. B.E. Sauer, J. Wang, E.A. Hinds, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. Ser. II, 39, 1060 (1994).
47. B.N. Ashkinadzi, V.F. Ezhov, M.N. Groshev, V.V. Jaschuk, A.Yu. Khazov, V.A. Knjazkov, M.G. Kozlov, V.L. Riabov, M.A. Yugaldin, Preprint from the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1994.
48. B. Friedrich, D. Herschbach, Z. Phys. D 18, 153 (1991).
49. B. Friedrich, D. Herschbach, Nature 353, 412 (1991).
50. B. Friedrich, D. Herschbach, Z. Phys. D 24, 25 (1992).
51. B. Friedrich, A. Slenczka, D. Herschbach, Can. J. Phys. 72, 897 (1994).
52. J.D. Miller, R.A. Cline, D.J. Heinzen, Phys. Rev. A 47, R4567 (1993).
53. W.D. Philips, in Laser Manipulation of Atoms and Ions, edited by E. Arimondo, W. Philips, F. Sturmia, School of Atomic Physics "Enrico Fermi", Course CXVIII (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1992), pp. 334-335.
54. B. Friedrich, D. Herschbach, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4623 (1995).
55. T. Takekoshi, B.M. Patterson, R.J. Knize, Phys. Rev. Lett. (in press, 1998).
56. D.W. Noid, S.K. Gray, S.A. Rice, J. Chem. Phys. 84, 2649 (1986).
57. S.K. Gray, S.A. Rice, J. Chem. Phys. 83, 2818 (1985).
58. J.T. Bahns, P.L. Gould, W.C. Stwalley, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 9689 (1996).
59. N. Balakrishnan, V. Kharchenko, R.C. Forrey, A. Dalgarno, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3224 (1998).
60. R.C. Forrey, N. Balakrishnan, V. Kharchenko, A. Dalgarno, Phys. Rev. A 58, R2645 (1998).
61. M.H. Anderson, J.R. Ensher, M.R. Matthews, C.E. Wieman, E.A. Cornell, Science 269, 198 (1995).
62. K.B. Davis, M.-O. Mewes, M.R. Andrews, N.J. van Druten, D.S. Durfee, D.M. Kurn, W. Ketterle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3969 (1995).
63. C.C. Bradley, C.A. Sockett, R.G. Hulet, Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 985 (1997).
64. G. Herzberg, Atomic Spectra and Atomic Structure (Dover, New York, 1945).
65. B.W. Shore, The Theory of Coherent Atomic Excitation (Wiley, New York, 1990).