메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 59, Issue 23, 1999, Pages 5956-5963

Molecular and biochemical mechanisms of fludarabine and cladribine resistance in a human promyelocytic cell line

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLADRIBINE; DEOXYGUANOSINE KINASE; FLUDARABINE;

EID: 0033406797     PISSN: 00085472     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (66)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0027377493 scopus 로고
    • A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential in haematological malignancies
    • Bryson, H. M., and Sorkin, E. M. Cladribine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic potential in haematological malignancies. Drugs, 46: 872-894, 1993.
    • (1993) Drugs , vol.46 , pp. 872-894
    • Bryson, H.M.1    Sorkin, E.M.C.2
  • 2
    • 0030029730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases with cladribine
    • Beutler, E., Sipe, J., Romine, J., McMillan, R., Zyroff, J., and Koziol, J. Treatment of multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases with cladribine. Semin. Hematol., 33: 45-52, 1996.
    • (1996) Semin. Hematol. , vol.33 , pp. 45-52
    • Beutler, E.1    Sipe, J.2    Romine, J.3    McMillan, R.4    Zyroff, J.5    Koziol, J.6
  • 4
    • 0023187987 scopus 로고
    • Phase II trial of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine 5′-monophosphate in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Prospective comparison of response with deoxycytidine kinase activity
    • Leiby, J. M., Snider, K. M., Kraut, E. H., Metz, E. N., Malspeis, L., and Grever, M. R. Phase II trial of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine 5′-monophosphate in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: prospective comparison of response with deoxycytidine kinase activity. Cancer Res., 47: 2719-2722, 1987.
    • (1987) Cancer Res. , vol.47 , pp. 2719-2722
    • Leiby, J.M.1    Snider, K.M.2    Kraut, E.H.3    Metz, E.N.4    Malspeis, L.5    Grever, M.R.6
  • 5
    • 0025890427 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism and action of purine nucleoside analogs
    • Plunkett, W., and Saunders, P. P. Metabolism and action of purine nucleoside analogs. Pharmacol. Ther., 49: 239-268, 1991.
    • (1991) Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.49 , pp. 239-268
    • Plunkett, W.1    Saunders, P.P.2
  • 6
    • 0031408112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leukemia. A model for drug development
    • Keating, M. J. Leukemia. A model for drug development. Clin. Cancer Res., 3: 2598-2604, 1997.
    • (1997) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.3 , pp. 2598-2604
    • Keating, M.J.1
  • 7
    • 0026675806 scopus 로고
    • Response to 2-chlorode-oxyadenosine in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia resistant to fludarabine
    • Juliusson, G., Elmhorn-Rosenborg, A., and Liliemark, J. Response to 2-chlorode-oxyadenosine in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia resistant to fludarabine. N. Engl. J. Med., 327: 1056-1061, 1992.
    • (1992) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.327 , pp. 1056-1061
    • Juliusson, G.1    Elmhorn-Rosenborg, A.2    Liliemark, J.3
  • 8
    • 0027525929 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of deoxycytidine kinase and cytoplasmic 5′-nucleotidase to the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine
    • Kawasaki, H., Carrera, C. J., Piro, L. D., Saven, A., Kipps, T. J., and Carson, D. A. Relationship of deoxycytidine kinase and cytoplasmic 5′-nucleotidase to the chemotherapeutic efficacy of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. Blood, 81: 597-601, 1993.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.81 , pp. 597-601
    • Kawasaki, H.1    Carrera, C.J.2    Piro, L.D.3    Saven, A.4    Kipps, T.J.5    Carson, D.A.6
  • 9
    • 0027381413 scopus 로고
    • Substrate specificity of mitochondrial 2′-deoxyguanosine kinase. Efficient phosphorylation of 2-chlorode-oxyadenosine
    • Wang, L., Karlsson, A., Amer, E. S., and Eriksson, S. Substrate specificity of mitochondrial 2′-deoxyguanosine kinase. Efficient phosphorylation of 2-chlorode-oxyadenosine. J. Biol. Chem., 268: 22847-22852, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.268 , pp. 22847-22852
    • Wang, L.1    Karlsson, A.2    Amer, E.S.3    Eriksson, S.4
  • 10
    • 0032510972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced cytotoxicity of nucleoside analogs by overexpression of mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase in cancer cell lines
    • Zhu, C., Johansson, M., Permert, J., and Karlsson, A. Enhanced cytotoxicity of nucleoside analogs by overexpression of mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase in cancer cell lines. J. Biol. Chem., 12: 14707-14711, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.12 , pp. 14707-14711
    • Zhu, C.1    Johansson, M.2    Permert, J.3    Karlsson, A.4
  • 11
    • 0024787036 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of inhibition of DNA synthesis by 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in human lymphoblastic cells
    • Griffig, J., Koob, R., and Blakley, R. L. Mechanisms of inhibition of DNA synthesis by 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in human lymphoblastic cells. Cancer Res., 49: 6923-6928, 1989.
    • (1989) Cancer Res. , vol.49 , pp. 6923-6928
    • Griffig, J.1    Koob, R.2    Blakley, R.L.3
  • 12
    • 0343838472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purine analogs for the treatment of low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders
    • Fidias, P., Chabner, B. A., and Grossbard, M. L. Purine analogs for the treatment of low-grade lymphoproliferative disorders. Oncologist, 1: 125-139, 1996.
    • (1996) Oncologist , vol.1 , pp. 125-139
    • Fidias, P.1    Chabner, B.A.2    Grossbard, M.L.3
  • 13
    • 0019321793 scopus 로고
    • Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in vitro programmed by damaged DNA. A comparison of DNA molecules containing different types of strand breaks
    • Benjamin, R. C., and Gill, D. M. Poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis in vitro programmed by damaged DNA. A comparison of DNA molecules containing different types of strand breaks. J. Biol. Chem., 255: 10502-10508, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.255 , pp. 10502-10508
    • Benjamin, R.C.1    Gill, D.M.2
  • 14
    • 0024197767 scopus 로고
    • Programmed cell death and adenine deoxynucleotide metabolism in human lymphocytes
    • Carson, D. A., Carrera, C. J., Wasson, D. B., and Yamanaka, H. Programmed cell death and adenine deoxynucleotide metabolism in human lymphocytes. Adv. Enzyme Regul., 27: 395-404, 1988.
    • (1988) Adv. Enzyme Regul. , vol.27 , pp. 395-404
    • Carson, D.A.1    Carrera, C.J.2    Wasson, D.B.3    Yamanaka, H.4
  • 15
    • 0017378726 scopus 로고
    • Biologic activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine, a metabolically stable analog of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine
    • Brockman, R. W., Schabel, F. M., Jr., and Montgomery, J. A. Biologic activity of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine, a metabolically stable analog of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine. Biochem. Pharmacol., 26: 2193-2196, 1977.
    • (1977) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.26 , pp. 2193-2196
    • Brockman, R.W.1    Schabel F.M., Jr.2    Montgomery, J.A.3
  • 16
    • 0018885429 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the toxicity and metabolism of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine and 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine in human lymphoblastoid cells
    • Plunkett, W., Chubb, S., Alexander, L., and Montgomery, J. A. Comparison of the toxicity and metabolism of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine and 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine in human lymphoblastoid cells. Cancer Res., 40: 2349-2355, 1980.
    • (1980) Cancer Res. , vol.40 , pp. 2349-2355
    • Plunkett, W.1    Chubb, S.2    Alexander, L.3    Montgomery, J.A.4
  • 17
    • 0025811415 scopus 로고
    • Effects of 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine on K562 cellular metabolism and the inhibition of human ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerases by its 5′-triphosphate
    • Parker, W. B., Shaddix, S. C., Chang, C. H., White, E. L., Rose, L. M., Brockman, R. W., Shortnacy, A. T., Montgomery, J. A., Secrist, J. A., III, and Bennett, L. L., Jr. Effects of 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine on K562 cellular metabolism and the inhibition of human ribonucleotide reductase and DNA polymerases by its 5′-triphosphate. Cancer Res., 51: 2386-2394, 1991.
    • (1991) Cancer Res. , vol.51 , pp. 2386-2394
    • Parker, W.B.1    Shaddix, S.C.2    Chang, C.H.3    White, E.L.4    Rose, L.M.5    Brockman, R.W.6    Shortnacy, A.T.7    Montgomery, J.A.8    Secrist J.A. III9    Bennett L.L., Jr.10
  • 18
    • 0025777811 scopus 로고
    • Action of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine on RNA metabolism
    • Huang, P., and Plunkett, W. Action of 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyl-2-fluoroadenine on RNA metabolism. Mol. Pharmacol., 39: 449-455, 1991.
    • (1991) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.39 , pp. 449-455
    • Huang, P.1    Plunkett, W.2
  • 20
    • 0343838469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide requirement for the in vitro activation of APAF-1-mediated caspase pathway
    • in press
    • Leoni, L. M., Genini, D., Plunkett, W., Carrera, C. J., and Carson, D. A. Nucleotide requirement for the in vitro activation of APAF-1-mediated caspase pathway. J. Biol. Chem., in press.
    • J. Biol. Chem.
    • Leoni, L.M.1    Genini, D.2    Plunkett, W.3    Carrera, C.J.4    Carson, D.A.5
  • 21
    • 0028986279 scopus 로고
    • 2′-deoxycytidine kinase deficiency is a major determinant of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine resistance in lymphoid cell lines
    • Orr, R. M., Talbot, D. C., Aherne, W. G., Fisher, T. C., Serafinowski, P., and Harrap, K. R. 2′-Deoxycytidine kinase deficiency is a major determinant of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine resistance in lymphoid cell lines. Clin. Cancer Res., 1: 391-398, 1995.
    • (1995) Clin. Cancer Res. , vol.1 , pp. 391-398
    • Orr, R.M.1    Talbot, D.C.2    Aherne, W.G.3    Fisher, T.C.4    Serafinowski, P.5    Harrap, K.R.6
  • 23
    • 0028093655 scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (CdA) in extracts of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of leukaemic patients
    • Arner, E. S., Spasokoukotskaja, T., Juliusson, G., Liliemark, J., and Eriksson, S. Phosphorylation of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (CdA) in extracts of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of leukaemic patients. Br. J. Haematol., 87: 715-718, 1994.
    • (1994) Br. J. Haematol. , vol.87 , pp. 715-718
    • Arner, E.S.1    Spasokoukotskaja, T.2    Juliusson, G.3    Liliemark, J.4    Eriksson, S.5
  • 24
    • 0031741896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of cross-resistance with gemcitabine and cytarabine in cladribine-resistant HL60 cells with elevated 5′-nucleotidase activity
    • Schirmer, M., Stegmann, A. P., Geisen, F., and Konwalinka, G. Lack of cross-resistance with gemcitabine and cytarabine in cladribine-resistant HL60 cells with elevated 5′-nucleotidase activity. Exp. Hematol., 26: 1223-1228, 1998.
    • (1998) Exp. Hematol. , vol.26 , pp. 1223-1228
    • Schirmer, M.1    Stegmann, A.P.2    Geisen, F.3    Konwalinka, G.4
  • 25
    • 4243673325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine (CdA) and fludarabine (Fara-A) acquired resistance in a human promyelocytic cell line
    • Månsson, E., Spasokoukotskaja, T., Jönsson, S., Eriksson, S., and Albertioni, F. Characteristics of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine (CdA) and fludarabine (Fara-A) acquired resistance in a human promyelocytic cell line. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 40: 677, 1999.
    • (1999) Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. , vol.40 , pp. 677
    • Månsson, E.1    Spasokoukotskaja, T.2    Jönsson, S.3    Eriksson, S.4    Albertioni, F.5
  • 27
    • 0021061819 scopus 로고
    • Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays
    • Mosmann, T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Methods. 65: 55-63, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Immunol. Methods , vol.65 , pp. 55-63
    • Mosmann, T.1
  • 28
    • 0030604461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine nucleotides in leukemic cells by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography
    • Reichelova, V., Albertioni, F., and Liliemark, J. Determination of 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine nucleotides in leukemic cells by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Appl., 682: 115-123, 1996.
    • (1996) J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Appl. , vol.682 , pp. 115-123
    • Reichelova, V.1    Albertioni, F.2    Liliemark, J.3
  • 29
    • 0024402491 scopus 로고
    • Enzymatic assay for deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates using synthetic oligonucleolides as template primers
    • Sherman, P. A., and Fyfe, J. A. Enzymatic assay for deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates using synthetic oligonucleolides as template primers. Anal. Biochem., 180: 222-226, 1989.
    • (1989) Anal. Biochem. , vol.180 , pp. 222-226
    • Sherman, P.A.1    Fyfe, J.A.2
  • 31
    • 0019142811 scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous determination of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5′-triphosphate and 3-deazauridine 5′-triphosphate in human leukemia cells by high-performance liquid chromatography
    • Plunkett, W., Chubb, S., and Barlogie, B. Simultaneous determination of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 5′-triphosphate and 3-deazauridine 5′-triphosphate in human leukemia cells by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr., 221: 425-430, 1980.
    • (1980) J. Chromatogr. , vol.221 , pp. 425-430
    • Plunkett, W.1    Chubb, S.2    Barlogie, B.3
  • 32
    • 0028930302 scopus 로고
    • Expression of deoxycytidine kinase and phosphorylation of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in human normal and tumour cells and tissues
    • Spasokoukotskaja, T., Amer, E. S., Brosjo, O., Gunven, P., Juliusson, G., Liliemark, J., and Eriksson, S. Expression of deoxycytidine kinase and phosphorylation of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in human normal and tumour cells and tissues. Eur. J. Cancer, 2: 202-208, 1995.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Cancer , vol.2 , pp. 202-208
    • Spasokoukotskaja, T.1    Amer, E.S.2    Brosjo, O.3    Gunven, P.4    Juliusson, G.5    Liliemark, J.6    Eriksson, S.7
  • 34
    • 0030586292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cloning and expression of human mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase cDNA
    • Wang, L., Hellman, U., and Eriksson, S. Cloning and expression of human mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase cDNA. FEBS Lett., 390: 39-43, 1996.
    • (1996) FEBS Lett. , vol.390 , pp. 39-43
    • Wang, L.1    Hellman, U.2    Eriksson, S.3
  • 36
    • 0029964835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel method for real time quantitative RT-PCR
    • Gibson, U. E., Heid, C. A., and Williams, P. M. A novel method for real time quantitative RT-PCR. Genome Res., 6: 995-1001, 1996.
    • (1996) Genome Res. , vol.6 , pp. 995-1001
    • Gibson, U.E.1    Heid, C.A.2    Williams, P.M.3
  • 37
    • 0020328813 scopus 로고
    • Effects of mutational loss of adenosine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase on deoxyATP accumulation and deoxyadenosine toxicity in cultured CEM human T-lymphoblastoid cells
    • Hershfield, M. S., Fetter, J. E., Small, W. C., Bagnara, A. S., Williams, S. R., Ullman, B., Martin, D. W., Jr., Wasson, D. B., and Carson, D. A. Effects of mutational loss of adenosine kinase and deoxycytidine kinase on deoxyATP accumulation and deoxyadenosine toxicity in cultured CEM human T-lymphoblastoid cells. J. Biol. Chem., 257: 6380-6386, 1982.
    • (1982) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.257 , pp. 6380-6386
    • Hershfield, M.S.1    Fetter, J.E.2    Small, W.C.3    Bagnara, A.S.4    Williams, S.R.5    Ullman, B.6    Martin D.W., Jr.7    Wasson, D.B.8    Carson, D.A.9
  • 38
    • 0020620856 scopus 로고
    • Deoxycytidine kinase-deficient mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells are hypersensitive to DNA alkylating agents
    • Meuth, M. Deoxycytidine kinase-deficient mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells are hypersensitive to DNA alkylating agents. Mutat. Res., 110: 383-391, 1983.
    • (1983) Mutat. Res. , vol.110 , pp. 383-391
    • Meuth, M.1
  • 39
    • 0026637308 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in human T-lymphoblasts mediated by mutations within the deoxycytidine kinase gene
    • Owens, J. K., Shewach, D. S., Ullman, B., and Mitchell, B. S. Resistance to 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine in human T-lymphoblasts mediated by mutations within the deoxycytidine kinase gene. Cancer Res., 52: 2389-2393, 1992.
    • (1992) Cancer Res. , vol.52 , pp. 2389-2393
    • Owens, J.K.1    Shewach, D.S.2    Ullman, B.3    Mitchell, B.S.4
  • 40
    • 0029947983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retroviral transfer of deoxycytidine kinase into tumor cell lines enhances nucleoside toxicity
    • Hapke, D. M., Stegmann, A. P., and Mitchell, B. S. Retroviral transfer of deoxycytidine kinase into tumor cell lines enhances nucleoside toxicity. Cancer Res., 56: 2343-2347, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Res. , vol.56 , pp. 2343-2347
    • Hapke, D.M.1    Stegmann, A.P.2    Mitchell, B.S.3
  • 41
    • 0242560897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substrate specificity of human recombinant mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase with cytostatic and antiviral purine and pyrimidine analogs
    • Sjöberg, A. H., Wang, L., and Eriksson, S. Substrate specificity of human recombinant mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase with cytostatic and antiviral purine and pyrimidine analogs. Mol. Pharmacol., 53: 270-273, 1998.
    • (1998) Mol. Pharmacol. , vol.53 , pp. 270-273
    • Sjöberg, A.H.1    Wang, L.2    Eriksson, S.3
  • 42
    • 0032516637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of DNA methylation of the 5′ region of the deoxycytidine kinase gene in CCRF-CEM-sensitive and cladribine (CdA)- and 2-chloro-2-arabino-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (CAfdA)-resistant cells
    • Leegwater, P. A., De Abreu, R. A., and Albertioni, F. Analysis of DNA methylation of the 5′ region of the deoxycytidine kinase gene in CCRF-CEM-sensitive and cladribine (CdA)- and 2-chloro-2-arabino-fluoro-2′-deoxyadenosine (CAFdA)-resistant cells. Cancer Lett., 130: 169-173, 1998.
    • (1998) Cancer Lett. , vol.130 , pp. 169-173
    • Leegwater, P.A.1    De Abreu, R.A.2    Albertioni, F.3
  • 43
    • 0029927229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deoxynucleotide pool depletion and sustained inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis after treatment of human lymphoblastoid cells with 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine
    • Xie, K. C., and Plunkett, W. Deoxynucleotide pool depletion and sustained inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase and DNA synthesis after treatment of human lymphoblastoid cells with 2-chloro-9-(2-deoxy-2-fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)adenine. Cancer Res., 56: 3030-3037, 1996.
    • (1996) Cancer Res. , vol.56 , pp. 3030-3037
    • Xie, K.C.1    Plunkett, W.2
  • 44
    • 0016355268 scopus 로고
    • Alterations leading to increased ribonucleotide reductase in cells selected for resistance to deoxynucleosides
    • Meuth, M., and Green, H. Alterations leading to increased ribonucleotide reductase in cells selected for resistance to deoxynucleosides. Cell, 3: 367-374, 1974.
    • (1974) Cell , vol.3 , pp. 367-374
    • Meuth, M.1    Green, H.2
  • 45
    • 0019376933 scopus 로고
    • Biochemistry of diseases of immunodevelopment
    • Martin, D. W., Jr., and Gelfand, E. W. Biochemistry of diseases of immunodevelopment. Annu. Rev. Biochem., 50, 845-877, 1981.
    • (1981) Annu. Rev. Biochem. , vol.50 , pp. 845-877
    • Martin D.W., Jr.1    Gelfand, E.W.2
  • 46
    • 0019522434 scopus 로고
    • Mutator phenotypes in mammalian cell mutants with distinct biochemical defects and abnormal deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools
    • Weinberg, G., Ullman, B., and Martin, D. W., Jr. Mutator phenotypes in mammalian cell mutants with distinct biochemical defects and abnormal deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pools. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78: 2447-2451, 1981.
    • (1981) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.78 , pp. 2447-2451
    • Weinberg, G.1    Ullman, B.2    Martin D.W., Jr.3
  • 47
    • 0023881789 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of the cDNA for a mutant mouse ribonucleotide reductase M1 that produces a dominant mutator phenotype in mammalian cells
    • Caras, I. W., and Martin, D. W., Jr. Molecular cloning of the cDNA for a mutant mouse ribonucleotide reductase M1 that produces a dominant mutator phenotype in mammalian cells. Mol. Cell. Biol., 8: 2698-2704, 1988.
    • (1988) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.8 , pp. 2698-2704
    • Caras, I.W.1    Martin, D.W.2
  • 48
    • 0028336786 scopus 로고
    • Structural analysis of the deoxycytidine kinase gene in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and resistance to 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine
    • Flasshove, M., Strumberg, D., Ayscue, L., Mitchell, B. S., Tirier, C., Heit, W., Seeber, S., and Schutte, J. Structural analysis of the deoxycytidine kinase gene in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and resistance to 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine. Leukemia (Baltimore), 8: 780-785, 1994.
    • (1994) Leukemia (Baltimore) , vol.8 , pp. 780-785
    • Flasshove, M.1    Strumberg, D.2    Ayscue, L.3    Mitchell, B.S.4    Tirier, C.5    Heit, W.6    Seeber, S.7    Schutte, J.8


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.