Microinjection of an antibody to the Ku protein arrests development in sea urchin embryos

Biological Bulletin

Volumn 197, Issue 3, 1999, Pages 341-347

  Kanungo, Jyotshna ^a,b   Empson, Ruth M ^c   Rasmussen, Howard ^a,b  

^a MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^b MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CELL NUCLEUS; CYTOPLASM; DNA DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME SUBUNIT; FERTILIZATION; KU ANTIGEN; LYTECHINUS PICTUS; MICROINJECTION; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY;

ECHINOIDEA; LYTECHINUS PICTUS;

EID: 0033404277     PISSN: 00063185     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/1542788     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Anderson, C. W. 1993. DNA damage and the DNA-activated protein kinase. Trends Biochem. Sci. 18: 433-437.
2. Anderson, C. W., and S. P. Lees-Miller. 1992. The nuclear serine/ threonine protein kinase DNA-PK. CRC Crit. Rev. Eukaryotic Gene Expression 2: 283-314.
3. Ballinger, D. G., S. J. Bray, and T. Hunt. 1984. Studies of the kinetics and ionic requirements for the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 after fertilization of Arbacia punctulata eggs. Dev. Biol. 101: 192-200.
4. Brush, G. S., C. W. Anderson, and T. J. Kelly. 1994. The DNA-activated protein kinase is required for the phosphorylation of replication protein A during simian virus 40 DNA replication. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 12520-12524.
5. Cao, Q. P., S. Pitt, J. Leszyk, and E. F. Baril. 1994. DNA-dependent ATPase from HeLa cells is related to human Ku autoantigen. Biochemistry 33: 8548-8557.
6. Carter, T., I. Vancurova, I. Sun, W. Lou, and S. Deleon. 1990. A DNA-activated protein kinase from HeLa cell nuclei. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 6460-6471.
7. Dinsmore, J. H., and R. D. Sloboda. 1989. Microinjection of antibodies to a 62 kD mitotic apparatus protein arrests mitosis in dividing sea urchin embryos. Cell 57: 127-134.
8. Dvir, A., S. R. Peterson, M. W. Knuth, H. Lu, and W. S. Dynan. 1992. Ku autoantigen is the regulatory component of a template-associated protein kinase that phosphorylates RNA polymerase II. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 11920-11924.
9. Fewell, J. W., and E. L. Kuff. 1996. Intracellular redistribution of Ku immunoreactivity in response to cell-cell contact and growth modulating components in the medium. J. Cell Sci. 109: 1937-1946.
10. Finnie, N. J., T. M. Gottlieb, T. Blunt, P. A. Jeggo, and S. P. Jackson. 1995. DNA dependent protein kinase activity is absent in xrs-6 cells: implications for site-specific recombination and DNA double-strand break repair. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 320-324.
11. Gottlieb, T. M., and S. P. Jackson. 1993. The DNA-dependent protein kinase: requirement for DNA ends and association with Ku antigen. Cell 72: 131-142.
12. Hafner, M., and C. Petzelt. 1987. Inhibition of mitosis by an antibody to the mitotic calcium transport system. Nature 330: 264-266.
13. Hammerstein, O., and G. Chu. 1998. DNA-dependent protein kinase: DNA binding and activation in the absence of Ku. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 525-530.
14. Kanungo, J., B. Calhoun, Y. Takeda, J. A. Hardin, and H. Rasmussen. 1996a. Gradual loss of a DNA-inducible protein kinase activity from the cytoplasmic extracts of Arbacia embryos. Biol. Bull. 191: 281-282.
15. Kanungo, J., J. A. Walker, D. Woodrum, J. A. Hardin, and H. Rasmussen. 1996b. A DNA-inducible kinase activity undergoes a change in cellular localization during development in Arbacia. Biol. Bull. 191: 283-284.
16. Kanungo, J., R. S. Cameron, Y. Takeda, and J. A. Hardin. 1997. DNA-dependent protein phosphorylation activity in Xenopus is coupled to a Ku-like protein. Biol. Bull. 193: 147-152.
17. Laemmli, U. K. 1974. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-685.
18. Le Romancer, M. L., F. Reyl-Desmars, Y. Cherifi, C. Pigeon, S. Bottari, O. Meyer, and M. J. M. Lewin. 1994. The 86-kDa subunit of autoantigen Ku is a somatostatin receptor regulating protein phosphatase-2A activity. J. Biol. Chem. 269: 17464-17468.
19. Loeb, L. A., B. Fansler, R. Williams, and D. Mazia. 1970. Sea urchin nuclear DNA polymerase. I. Localization in nuclei during rapid DNA synthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 217: 50-55.
20. Nussenzweig, A., C. Chen, V. D. C. Soares, M. Sanchez, K. Sokol, M. C. Nussenzweig, and G. C. Li. 1996. Requirement for Ku80 in growth and immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination. Nature 382: 551-555.
21. Peterson, S., A. Kurimasa, M. Oshimura, W. S. Dynan, E. M. Bradbury, and D. J. Chen. 1995. Loss of the catalytic subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase in DNA double-strand-break-repair mutant mammalian cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92: 2934-2938.
22. Silver, R. B. 1986. Mitosis in sand dollar embryos is inhibited by antibodies directed against the calcium transport enzyme of muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83: 4302-4306.
23. Smider, V., W. K. Rathmell, M. R. Lieber, and G. Chu. 1994. Restoration of X-ray resistance and V(D)J recombination in mutant cells by Ku cDNA. Science 266: 288-291.
24. Taccioli, G. E., T. M. Gottlieb, T. Blunt, A. Priestley, J. Demengeot, A. R. Lehman, F. W. Alt, S. P. Jackson, and P. A. Jeggo. 1994. Ku80: product of the XRCC5 gene and its role in DNA repair and V(D)J recombination. Science 265: 1442-1445.
25. Towbin, H., T. Staehelin, and J. Gordon. 1979. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76: 457-460.
26. Tuteja, N., R. Tuteja, A. Ochem, P. Taneja, N. W. Huang, A. Simoncsits, S. Susik, K. Rahman, L. Marusik, J. Chen, J. Zhang, S. Wang, and A. Falaschi. 1994. Human DNA helicase II: a novel DNA unwinding enzyme identified as Ku autoantigen. EMBO J. 13: 4991-5001.
27. Vishwanatha, J. K., and E. F. Baril. 1990. Single-stranded-DNA-dependent ATPase from HeLa cells that stimulates DNA polymerase alpha-primase activity: purification and characterization of the ATPase. Biochemistry 29: 8753-8759.
28. Walker, A. I., T. Hunt, R. J. Jackson, and C. W. Anderson. 1985. Double-stranded DNA induces the phosphorylation of several proteins including the 90,000 mol. wt. heat-shock protein in animal cell extracts. EMBO J. 4: 139-145.
29. Wang, J., C. H. Chou, J. Blankson, M. Satoh, M. W. Knuth, R. A. Eisenberg, D. S. Pisetsky, and W. H. Reeves. 1993. Murine monoclonal antibodies specific for conserved and non-conserved antigenic determinants of the human and murine Ku antigens. Mol. Biol. Rep. 18: 15-28.
30. Weaver, D. T. 1995. What to do to an end: DNA double-strand-break repair. Trends Genet. 11: 388-392.
31. Wright, B. D., M. Terasaki, and J. M. Scholey. 1993. Roles of kinesin and kinesin-like proteins in sea urchin embryonic cell division: evaluation using antibody microinjection. J. Cell. Biol. 123: 681-689.
32. Yaneva, M., T. Kowalewski, and M. R. Lieber. 1997. Interaction of DNA-dependent protein kinase with DNA and with Ku: biochemical and atomic-force microscopy studies. EMBO J. 16: 5098-5112.
33. Zhu, C., M. A. Bogue, D-S. Lim, P. Hasty, and D. B. Roth. 1996. Ku86-deficient mice exhibit severe combined immunodeficiency and defective processing of V(D)J recombination intermediates. Cell 86: 379-389.