Recent developments in regional anesthesia for ambulatory surgery

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

Volumn 12, Issue 6, 1999, Pages 643-647

  Joshi, Girish P ^a  

^a Univ of Texas SW Medical Center ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADRENALIN; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; ATRACURIUM; BICARBONATE; BUPIVACAINE; CLONIDINE; FENTANYL; KETOROLAC; LIDOCAINE; LOCAL ANESTHETIC AGENT; MORPHINE; PANCURONIUM; PETHIDINE; PRILOCAINE;

BACKACHE; BRACHIAL PLEXUS ANESTHESIA; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; NAUSEA; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; PAIN; PERIBULBAR ANESTHESIA; POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGIONAL ANESTHESIA; REVIEW; SPINAL ANESTHESIA; VOMITING;

EID: 0033375048     PISSN: 09527907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00001503-199912000-00002     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Pavlin DJ, Rapp SE, Polissar NL, Malmgren JA, Koerschgen M, Keyes H. Factors affecting discharge time in adult outpatients. Anesth Analg 1998; 87:816-826. Compared with general anesthesia, the use of regional or local anesthesia techniques was found to reduce discharge times. The most common medical causes of delay in discharge times were pain, drowsiness, and nausea/vomiting.
2. Williams BA, DeRiso BM, Figallo CM, Anders JW, Engel LB, Sproul KA et al. Benchmarking the perioperative process: III. Effects of regional anesthesia clinical pathway techniques on process efficiency and recovery profiles in ambulatory orthopedic surgery. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:570-578.
3. Vaghadia H. Spinal anaesthesia for outpatient: controversies and new techniques. Can J Anaesth 1998; 45:R64-R70. This article reviews the current concerns and controversies in the use of spinal anesthesia for ambulatory surgery. The modifications in spinal anesthesia necessary for outpatient surgery are also discussed.
4. Freedman JM, Li D-K, Drasner K, Jaskela MC, Larsen B, Wi S. Transient neurologic symptoms after spinal anesthesia. An epidemiological study of 1863 patients. Anesthesiology 1998; 89:633-641. This large epidemiological study reports that transient neurological symptoms commonly follow lidocaine (11.9%) spinal anesthesia but are relatively uncommon with the use of bupivacaine (1.3%) or tetracaine (1.6%). In addition, the lithotomy position and outpatient surgery are important risk factors in patients receiving lidocaine. However, age, sex, a history of back pain, needle type, and lidocaine dose or concentration did not affect the risk.
5. Corbey MP, Bach AB. Transient radicular irritation (TRI) after spinal anaesthesia in day-care surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1998; 42:425-429.
6. Morisaki H, Masuda J, Kaneko S, Matsushima M, Takeda J. Transient neurologic syndrome in one thousand forty-five patients after 3% lidocaine spinal anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:1023-1026.
7. Carpenter RL. Hyperbaric lidocaine spinal anesthesia: do we need an alternative? Anesth Analg 1995; 81:1125-1128.
8. Liu SS. Optimizing spinal anesthesia for ambulatory surgery. Reg Anesth 1997; 22:500-510.
9. Tarkkila P, Huhtata J, Tuominen M. Home-readiness after spinal anaesthesia with small doses of hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine. Anaesthesia 1997; 52:1157-1160.
10. Ben-David B, Levin H, Solomon E, Admoni H, Vaida S. Spinal bupivacaine in ambulatory surgery: the effect of saline dilution. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:716-720.
11. Liu SS, Ware PD, Allen HW, Neal JM, Pollock JE. Dose response characteristics of spinal bupivacaine in volunteers: clinical implications for ambulatory anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1996; 85:729-736.
12. Moore JM, Liu SS, Pollock JE, Neal JM, Knab JH. The effect of epinephrine on small-dose hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia: clinical implications for ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:973-977. The investigators compare the use of hyperbaric 0.75% bupivacaine administered alone or combined with epinephrine 0.2 mg for spinal anesthesia. They report that the combination of epinephrine and bupivacaine prolong the duration of tolerance to pneumatic tourniquet and motor block; however, the time to fulfillment of discharge criteria was also delayed.
13. Tetzlaff JE, Dilger JA, Kodsy M, Al-Bataineh J, Yoon HJ, Bell GR. Spinal anesthesia for elective lumber spine surgery. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:666-669.
14. Tetzlaff J E, O'Hara JF, Yoon HJ, Schubert A. Heart rate variability and the prone position under general versus spinal anesthesia. J Clin Anesth 1998; 10:656-659. This study demonstrates that, compared with general anesthesia, low spinal anesthesia is associated with fewer hemodynamic changes, which may be related to the better preservation of sympathetic activity as determined by changes in heart rate variability.
15. Chan VWS, Weisbrod MJ, Kaszas Z, Dragomir C. Comparison of ropivacaine and lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia in volunteers. Anesthesiology 1999; 90:1602-1608.
16. Reuben SS, Steinberg RB, Lurie SD, Gibson CS. A dose-response study of intravenous regional anesthesia with meperidine. Anesth Analg 1999; 88:831-835.
17. Sztark F, Thicoipe M, Favarel-Garrigues JF, Lassie P, Petitjean ME, Dabadie P. The use of 0.25% lidocaine with fentanyl and pancuronium for intravenous regional anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:777-779.
18. Kopman AF, Yee PS, Neuman GG. Relationship of the train-of-four fade ratio to clinical signs and symptoms of residual paralysis in awake volunteers. Anesthesiology 1997; 86:765-771.
19. Steinberg RB, Reuben SS, Gardner G. The dose-response relationship of ketorolac as a component of intravenous regional anesthesia with lidocaine. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:791-793. The addition of ketorolac to 0.5% lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia increased the duration of analgesia and reduced the need for supplemental analgesic agents. The optimal dose of ketorolac for inclusion with lidocaine was 20 mg.
20. Gentili M, Bernard J-M, Bonnet F. Adding clonidine to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia prevents tourniquet pain. Anesth Analg 1999; 88:1327-1330.
21. Bouaziz H, Narchi P, Mercier FJ, Labaille T, Zerrouk N, Girod J, Benhamou D. Comparison between conventional axillary block and a new approach at the midhumeral level. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:1058-1062.
22. Bouaziz H, Narchi P, Mercier FJ, Khoury A, Poirier T, Benhamou D. The use of a selective axillary nerve block for outpatient hand surgery. Anesth Analg 1998; 86:746-748. These authors used a new approach for brachial plexus block at the midhumeral level, which allows for selective block of both the radial and musculocutaneous nerves (which have predominantly motor distribution) without any interference with the ulnar and the median nerves (which have predominantly sensory distribution). Selective blockade of the radial and musculocutaneous nerves with 2% lidocaine and the median and ulnar nerves with 0.5% bupivacaine provided a faster recovery of motor function and earlier discharge compared with the administration of a mixture of lidocaine and bupivacaine on the four nerves.
23. Klein SM, Greengrass RA, Steele SM, D'Ercole FJ, Speer KP, Gleason DH et al. A comparison of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.5% ropivacaine, and 0.75% ropivacaine for interscalene brachial plexus block. Anesth Analg 1998; 87:1316-1319.
24. Vloka JD, Hadzic A, Mulcare R, Lesser JB, Kitain E, Thys DM. Femoral and genitofemoral nerve blocks versus spinal anesthesia for outpatients undergoing long saphenous vein stripping surgery. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:749-752.
25. Hamilton RC, Gimble HV, Stunin L. Regional anaesthesia for 12 000 cataract extractions and intraocular lens implantation procedures. Can J Anaesth 1988; 35:615-623.
26. Murdoch IE. Peribulbar versus retrobulbar anaesthesia. Eye 1990; 6:445-449.
27. Bedi A, Carabine U. Peribulbar anaesthesia: a double-blind comparison of three local anaesthetic solutions. Anaesthesia 1999; 54:67-71. This study investigated the use of prilocaine 3% with felypressin 0.03 IU/ml, 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:200 000, and a combination of 2% lidocaine and 0.5% bupivacaine with epinephrine 1:200 000 in a ratio of 1:1 for peribulbar block. Prilocaine provided good operating conditions more reliably than the mixture of lidocaine and bupivacaine, and lidocaine alone was found to be inadequate.
28. Reah G, Bodenham AR, Braithwaite P, Esmond J, Menage MJ. Peribulbar anaesthesia using a mixture of local anaesthetic and vecuronium. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:551-554.
29. Clarke PM, Kozeis N. A complication of peribulbar block in a patient with exophthalmos. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81:615.