The pivotal role of iron in NF-κB activation and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Prospects for neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease with iron chelators

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 890, Issue , 1999, Pages 7-25

  Youdim, M B H ^a,b,c   Grunblatt E ^a   Mandel, S ^a  

^a TECHNION ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (Israel)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^c B Rappaport Fam Med Sci Bldg   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1,2,3,6 TETRAHYDRO 1 METHYL 4 PHENYLPYRIDINE; AMINE OXIDASE (FLAVIN CONTAINING) ISOENZYME A; AMINE OXIDASE (FLAVIN CONTAINING) ISOENZYME B; APOMORPHINE; BRAIN PROTEIN; BROMOCRIPTINE; CYTOKINE; DEFEROXAMINE; DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE; DOPAMINE; DOPAMINE 1 RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; IMMUNOGLOBULIN ENHANCER BINDING PROTEIN; IRON; IRON CHELATING AGENT; LISURIDE; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; NIFEDIPINE; OXIDOPAMINE; PERGOLIDE; PRAMIPEXOLE; SCAVENGER; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; CELL CULTURE; COMPETITIVE INHIBITION; CONFERENCE PAPER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOPAMINERGIC SYSTEM; DRUG POTENCY; HUMAN; IC 50; LIPID PEROXIDATION; MITOCHONDRION; MOUSE; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEUROPROTECTION; NIGRONEOSTRIATAL SYSTEM; NONHUMAN; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELL; PROTEIN MODIFICATION; RAT;

ANIMALIA; GYMNOMYZA SAMOENSIS;

EID: 0033373789     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07977.x     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (82)

1. 1. Lauffer, A., Ed. 1992. Iron and Human Diseases.: 1-374. CRC Press. New York.
2. 2. Youdim, M.B.H. & A.R. Green. 1977. Bigenic monoamine metabolism and functional activity in iron-deficient rats: behavioural correlates. Ciba Found. Symp. 51: 201-223.
3. 3. Youdim, M.B.H., D. Ben-Shachar & S. Yehuda. 1989. Putative biological mechanisms of the effect of iron deficiency on brain biochemistry and behavior. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 50: 607-617.
4. 4. Youdim, M.B.H. 1985. Brain iron metabolism: biochemical and behavioural aspects in relationship to dopaminergic neurotransmission. In Handbook of Neurochemistry. Vol. 10. A. Lajtha, Ed.: 731-756. Plenum Press. New York.
5. 5. Youdim, M.B.H. & S. Yehuda. 1986. Brain iron and dopamine circadian cycle. Clin. Neuropharmacol. 9: 87-94.
6. 6. Riederer, P., E. Sofic, W.-D. Rausch, K. Jellinger & M.B.H. Youdim. 1989. Transition metals, ferritin, glutathione and ascorbic acid in Parkinsonian brains. J. Neurochem. 52: 515-521.
7. 7. Youdim, M.B.H., D. Ben-Shachar & P. Riederer. 1993. The possible role of iron in the etiopathology of Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 8: 1-12.
8. 8. Gerlach, M., D. Ben-Shachar, P. Riederer & M.B.H. Youdim. 1994. Altered brain metabolism of iron as a cause of neurodegenerative diseases? J. Neurochem. 63: 793-806.
9. 9. Jenner, P. & C.W. Olanow. 1996. Pathological evidence for oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and related degenerative disorders. In Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease. C.W. Olanow, P. Jenner & M.B.H. Youdim, Eds.: 24-45. Academic Press. London.
10. 10. Olanow, C.W. & M.B.H. Youdim. 1996. Iron and neurodegeneration: prospects for neuroprotection. In Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease. C.W. Olanow, P. Jenner & M.B.H. Youdim, Eds.: 50-67. Academic Press. London.
11. 11. Olanow, C.W. 1993. A scientific rationale for protective therapy in Parkinson's disease. J. Neural Transm. Gen. Sect. 91: 161-180.
12. 12. Hirsch, E.C. & B.A. Faucheux. 1998. Iron metabolism and Parkinson's disease. Mov. Disord. 13: 39-45.
13. 13. Jellinger, K., W. Paulus, I. Grundke-Iqbal, P. Riederer & M.B.H. Youdim. 1990. Brain iron and ferritin in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. J. Neural Transm. Parkinson's Dis. Dementia Sect. 2: 327-340.
14. 14. Jellinger, K., E. Keizl, G. Rumpelmair, P. Riederer & M.B.H. Youdim. 1992. Iron melanin complex in substantia nigra of Parkinsonian brains: an X-ray microanalysis. J. Neurochem. 59: 1168-1171.
15. 15. Ben-Shachar, D., P. Riederer & M.B.H. Youdim. 1991. Iron melanin interaction: implications for Parkinson's disease. J. Neurochem. 57: 1609-1614.
16. 16. Youdim, M.B.H. 1994. The enigma of neuromelanin in Parkinsonian substantia nigra. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 43: 113-122.
17. 17. Youdim, M.B.H., D. Ben-Shachar & P. Riederer. 1990. The role of monoamine oxidase, iron-melanin interaction, and intracellular calcium in Parkinson's disease. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 32: 239-248.
18. 18. Cohen, G. & P. Werner. 1994. Free radicals oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. In Neurodegenerative Disorders. D.B. Calne, Ed.: 139-162. Saunders. Philadelphia.
19. 19. Jellinger, K.A. 1998. The role of iron in neurodegeneration: prospects for pharmacology of Parkinson's disease. Drugs & Aging. In press.
20. 20. Cadet, J.L., M. Katz, V. Jackson-Lewis & S. Fahn. 1989. Vitamin E attenuates the toxic effects of intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in rats: behavioral and biochemical evidence. Brain Res. 476: 5-10.
21. 21. Ebadi, M., S.K. Srinivasan & M.D. Baxi. 1996. Oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy in Parkinson's disease. Prog. Neurobiol. 48: 1-19.
22. 22. Lan, J. & D.H. Jiang. 1997. Desferrioxamine and vitamin E protect against iron and MPTP-induced neurodegeneration in mice. J. Neural Transm. 104: 469-481.
23. 23. Perumal, A.S., V.B. Copal, W.K. Tordzro, T.B. Cooper & J.L. Cadet. 1992. Vitamin E attenuates the toxic effects of 6-hydroxydopamine on free radical scavenging systems in rat brain. Brain Res. Bull. 29: 699-701.
24. 24. Grunbeatt, E., S. Mandel, T. Bersuzki & M.B.H. Youdim. 1998. Neuroprotective properties of apomorphine in MPTP treated mice. Mov. Disord. In press.
25. 25. Ben-Shachar, D., G. Eshel, J.P.M. Finberg & M.B.H. Youdim. 1991. The iron chelator desferrioxamine (desferal) retards 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons. J. Neurochem. 56: 1441-1444.
26. 26. Ben-Shachar, D. & M.B.H. Youdim. 1991. Intranigral iron injection induces behavioral and biochemical "Parkinsonism" in rats. J. Neurochem. 57: 2133-2138.
27. 27. Mohanakumar, K.P., A. De BarTolomeis, R.M. Wu, K.J. Yeh, L. Sternberger, S.Y. Peng, D.L. Murphy & C.C. Chiueh. 1999. Ferrous-citrate complex and nigral degeneration: evidence for free radical formation and lipd peroxidation. Neurobiology. In press.
28. 28. Glinka, Y. & M.B.H. Youdim. 1995. Inhibition of mitochondrial complex I and IV by 6-hydroxydopamine. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 292: 329-332.
29. 29. Glinka, Y., K.F. Tipton & M.B.H. Youdim. 1996. Nature of inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory complex I by 6-hydroxydopamine. J. Neurochem. 66: 2004-2010.
30. 30. Glinka, Y., M. Gassen & M.B.H. Youdim. 1997. Mechanism of 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 50: 55-66.
31. + toxicity on striatal dopaminergic terminals. J. Neurochem. 68: 732-738.
32. 32. Szirraki, I., K.P. Mohanakumar, P. Rauhala, H.G. Kim, J.J. Yeh & C.C. Chiueh. 1998. Manganese: a transition metal protects nigrostriatal neurons from oxidative stress in the iron-induced animal model of Parkinsonism. Neuroscience 85: 1001-1011.
33. 33. Youdim, M.B.H., G. Krishna & C.C. Chiueh. 1999. Neuroprotective strategies in Parkinson's disease and Huntington chorea: MPT and #-NP induced neurodegeneration as models. In Mitochondrial Inhibitors and Neurodegenerative Disorders. R.R. Sandberg, H. Nishhino & C.V. Borlogan, Eds. Humana Press. New York. In press.
34. 34. Toffa, S., G.M. Kunikowska, B.Y. Zeng, P. Jenner & C.D. Marsden. 1997. Glutathione depletion in rat brain does not cause nigrostriatal pathway degeneration. J. Neural Transm. 104: 67-75.
35. 35. Barron, K.D. 1995. The microglia cell. A historical review. J. Neurol. Sci. 134(Suppl.): 57-68.
36. 36. Hunot, S., B. Brugg, D. Ricard, P.P. Michel, M.P. Muriel, M. Ruberg, B.A. Faucheux, Y. Agid & E.C. Hirsch. 1997. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB is increased in dopaminergic neurons of patients with Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94: 7531-7536.
37. 37. Mogi, M., H. Minoru, P. Riederer, H. Narabayashi, K. Fujita & Y. Nagatsu. 1994. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) increases both in the brain and in the cerebrospinal fluid from Parkinsonian patients. Neurosci. Lett. 165: 208-210.
38. 38. Mogi, M., M. Harada, T. Kondo, P. Riederer, H. Inagaki, M. Minami & T. Nagatsu. 1994. Interleukin-1-beta, interleukin-6, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha are elevated in the brain from Parkinsonian patients. Neurosci. Lett. 180: 147-150.
39. 39. Rogers, J.T., K.R. Bridges, G.P. Durmowicz, J. Glass, P.E. Auron & H.N. Munro. 1990. Translational control during the acute phase response. Ferritin synthesis in response to interleukin-1. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 14572-14578.
40. 40. Seiser, C., S. Teixeira & L.C. Kuhn. 1993. Interleukin-2 dependent transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of transferrin receptor mRNA. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 13074-13080.
41. 41. Simeonova, P.P. & M.I. Luster. 1995. Iron and reactive oxygen species in the asbestos-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha response from alveolar macrophages. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 12: 676-683.
42. 42. Sappey, C., J.R. Boelaert, S. Legrand-Poels, C. Forceille E, A. Favier & J. Piette. 1995. Iron chelation decreases NF-κB and HIV type 1 activation due to oxidative stress. Aids Res. Hum. Retroviruses 11: 1049-1061.
43. 43. Shatrov, V.A., J.R. Boelaert, D. Chouaib, W. Droge & V. Lehmann. 1997. Iron chelation decreases human immunodeficiency virus-1 Tat tumor necrosis factor-induced NF-κB activation in Jurkat cells. Eur. Cytokine Netw. 8: 37-43.
44. 44. Lin, M., R.A. Rippe, O. Niemela, G. Brittenham & H. Tsukamoto. 1997. Role of iron in NF-κB activation and cytokine gene expression by rat hepatic macrophages. Am. J. Physiol. 272: G1355-G1364.
45. 45. Castelnau, P.A., R.S. Garrett, W. Paliski, J.L. Witztum, I.L. Campbell & H.C. Pwell. 1998. Abnormal iron deposition associated with lipid peroxidation in transgenic mice expressing interleukin-6 in the brain. J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 57: 268-282.
46. 46. Muller, T., D. Blum-Degen, H. Przuntek & W. Kuhn. 1998. Interleukin-6 levels in cerebral spinal fluid inversely correlate to severity of Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurol. Scand. 98: 142-144.
47. 47. Gassen, M. & M.B.H. Youdim. 1998. Free radical scavengers: chemical concepts and clinical relevance. J. Neural Transm. In press.
48. 48. Gancher, S.T., J.G. Nutt & W.R. Woodward. 1995. Apomorphine infusional therapy in Parkinson's disease: clinical utility and lack of tolerance. Mov. Disord. 10: 37-43.
49. 49. Gancher, S. 1995. Pharmacokinetics of apomorphine in Parkinson's disease. J. Neural Transm. Suppl. 45: 137-141.
50. 50. Colzi, A., K. Turner & A.J. Lee. 1998. Continuous subcutaneous waking day apomorphine in the long term treatment of levodopa induced interdose dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 64: 573-576.
51. 51. Lees, A.J. 1996. Dopamine agonists in Parkinson's disease: a look at apomorphine. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 7: 121-128.
52. 52. Gassen, M., B. Pinchasi & M.B.H. Youdim. 1998. Apomorphine is a potent radical scavenger and protects cultured pheochromocytoma cells from 6-OHDA and hydrogen peroxide induced cell death. Adv. Pharmacol. 42: 320-325.
53. 53. Gassen, M., A. Gross & M.B.H. Youdim. 1998. Apomorphine enantiomers protect pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells from oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and 6-hydroxydopamine. Mov. Disord. 13: 242-248.
54. 54. Liu, J. & A. Mori. 1993. Monoamine metabolism provides an antioxidant defense in the brain against oxidant-and free radical-induced damage. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 302: 118-127.
55. 55. Gassen, M., Y. Glinka, B. Pinchasi & M.B.H. Youdim. 1996. Apomorphine is a highly potent free radical scavenger in rat mitochondrial fraction. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 308: 219-225.
56. 56. Youdim, M.B.H. 1998. Unpublished data.
57. 57. Hall, S., J.H. Rullege & T. Challert. 1992. MRI brain iron and 6-hydroxydopamine experimental Parkinson's disease. J. Neurol. Sci. 113: 198-208.
58. 58. Di Monte, D., M.S. Sandy & M.T. Smith. 1987. Increase efflux rather than oxidation is the mechanism of glutathione depletion by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 148: 153-160.
59. 59. Singer, T.P., N. Castagnoli, Jr., R.R. Ramsay & A.J. Treor. 1987. Biochemical events in the development of Parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. J. Neurochem. 49: 1-8.
60. 60. Heikkila, R.E., L. Manzino, F.S. Cabbat & R.C. Duvoisin. 1984. Protection against the dopaminergic neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Nature 311: 467-469.
61. 61. Braughler, J.M., J.F. Pregenzer, R.L. Chase, L.A. Duncan, E.J. Jacobson & J.M. McCall. 1987. Novel 21-aminosteroids as potent inhibitors of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. J. Biol. Chem. 262: 10438-10440.
62. 62. Zhao, W., J.S. Richardson, M.J. Mombourquette & J.A. Weil. 1995. An in vitro EPR study of the free-radical scavenging action of the lazaroid antioxidants U-74500A and U-78517F. Free Radical Biol. Med. 19: 21-30.
63. 63. Parkinson Study Group. 1993. Effects of tocopherol and deprenyl on the progression of disability in early Parkinson's disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 328: 176-183.
64. 64. Sam, E.E. & N. Verbeke. 1995. Free radical scavenging properties of apomorphine enantiomers and dopamine: possible implication in their mechanism of action in Parkinsonism. J. Neural Transm. Parkinson's Dis. Dementia Sect. 10: 115-127.
65. 65. Sam, E., A.P. Jeanjean, J.M. Maloteaux & N. Verbeke. 1995. Apomorphine pharmacokinetics in Parkinsonism after intranasal and subcutaneous application. Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet. 20: 27-33.
66. 66. Zigmond, M.J., T.W. Berger, A.A. Grace & E.M. Stricker. 1989. Compensatory responses to nigrostriatal bundle injury. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 10: 185-200.
67. 67. O'Carroll, A.M., C.J. Fowler, J.P. Phillips, I. Tobbia & K.F. Tipton. 1983. The deamination of dopamine by human brain monoamine oxidase. Specificity for the two enzyme forms in seven brain regions. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 322: 198-203.
68. 68. Matthews, R.T., L. Yang & M. Beal. 1997. S-Methylthiocitrulline, a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, protects against malonate and MPTP neurotoxicity. Exp. Neurol. 143: 282-286.
69. 69. Temlett, J.A., J.P. Landsberg, F. Watt & G.W. Grime. 1994. Increased iron in the substantia nigra compacta of the MPTP-lesioned hemi-Parkinsonian African green monkey: evidence from proton microprobe element microanalysis. J. Neurochem. 62: 134-146.
70. 70. Oestreicher, E., G.J. Sengstock, P. Riederer, C.W. Olanow, A.J. Dunn & G.W. Arendash. 1994. Degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons increases iron within the substantia nigra: a histochemical and neurochemical study. Brain Res. 660: 8-18.
71. 71. Mochizuki, H., H. Imai, K. Endo, K. Yokomizo, Y. Murata, N. Hattori & Y. Mizuno. 1994. Iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced hemi-Parkinsonism in monkeys. Neurosci. Lett. 168: 251-253.
72. 72. Monteniro, H.P. & C.C. Winterbourn. 1989. 6-Hydroxydopamine releases iron from ferritin and promotes ferritin-dependent lipid peroxidation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 38: 4177-4182.
73. 73. Linert, W., E. Herlinger, R.F. Jameson, E. Kienzl, K. Jellinger & M.B.H. Youdim. 1996. Dopamine, 6-hydroxydopamine, iron, and dioxygen: their mutual interactions and possible implication in the development of Parkinson's disease. Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1316: 160-168.
74. 74. Sengstock, G.J., C.W. Olanow, A.J. Dunn, S. Barone, Jr. & G.W. Arendash. 1994. Progressive changes in striatal dopaminergic markers, nigral volume, and rotational behavior following iron infusion into the rat substantia nigra. Exp. Neurol. 130: 82-94.
75. 75. Schreck, R., P. Rieber & P.A. Baeuerle. 1991. Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-κB transcription factor and HIV-1. EMBO J. 10: 2247-2258.
76. 76. Schreck, R., D. Meier, N. Mannel, W. Droge & P.D. Baeuerle. 1992. Dithiocarbonate as potent inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells. J. Exp. Med. 175: 1181-1194.
77. 77. Sizuki, Y.J. & L. Packer. 1993. Inhibition of NF-κB activation by vitamin E derivatives. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 193: 277-283.
78. 78. Satriano, J. & D. Schlondorff. 1994. Activation and attenuation of transcription factor in mouse glomerular mesangial cells in reponse to TNF-alpha. J. Clin. Invest. 94: 1629-1636.
79. 79. Grilli, M., M. Pizzi, M. Memo & P. Spano. 1996. Neuroprotection by aspirin and sodium salicylate through blockade of NF-kappa B activation. Science 274: 1383-1835.
80. 80. Bing, G.Y., X. Lu, N.Y. Zheng, L. Jin, C.A. Stewart, R.A. Floyd & H.C. Kim. 1998. Microglia mediated dopaminergic cell death in the substantia nigra: a new animal model for Parkinson's disease. Soc. Neurosci. 28th Annual Meeting. 1466, Abst. 574.20.
81. 81. Shimizu, P.B., K. Mitomo, T. Watanabe, S. Okamoto & K.I. Yamamoto. 1990. Involvement of a NF-κB-like transcription factor in the activation of the interleukin-6 gene by inflammatory lymphokines. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10: 561-568.
82. 82. Miyajima, H., Y. Takahashi, T. Kamata, H. Shimizu, N. Sakau & J.D. Gitlin. 1997. Use of desferrioxamine in the treatment of aceruloplasminemia. Ann. Neurol. 41: 404-407.